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Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

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21-05-2022 | Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials with surface modification for applications

Removal of Pb²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions using SiO₂ and amino-functionalized SiO₂ particles

Authors: A. F. P. Allwin Mabes Raj, Sara Krajnc, Maja Bauman, Marijana Lakić, Andreja Gutmaher, Aleksandra Lobnik, Aljoša Košak

Published in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Herein we present silica (SiO₂) and amino-functionalized SiO₂ particles (NH₂@SiO₂) based on the Stöber method involving the reaction of hydrolysis and condensation of alkoxide precursors tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), 3- (trimethoxysilylpropyl) diethylenetriamine (DETA) and (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS) for specific and selective removal of heavy metal ions such as Lead (Pb²⁺), Chromium (Cr³⁺) and Mercury (Hg²⁺). The prepared SiO₂ and NH₂@SiO₂ particles were characterized by Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), specific surface area (BET), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential (ζ) measurements and potential titration measurements. We studied the adsorption efficiency toward heavy metal ions (Pb²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Hg²⁺) in model salt solutions. The adsorption process was evaluated in terms of adsorption efficiency, adsorption capacity, adsorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamic parameters and desorption efficiency based on the result of the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) measurements for Pb²⁺ and Cr³⁺ ions and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) measurements for Hg²⁺. The results showed the highest adsorption efficiency and capacity for heavy metal ions (Pb²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Hg²⁺) by NH₂@SiO₂ using APTMS. Furthermore, the adsorption efficiency was 99.3 % for Pb²⁺, 98.4 % in the case of Cr³⁺ ions and 88% for Hg²⁺. The adsorption process for Pb²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions using non-functionalized SiO₂ and NH₂@SiO₂ particles follows pseudo-second-order kinetics and is best described by the Langmuir adsorption model. The desorption results showed potential for reusing NH₂@SiO₂ particles with more than 91.8 % desorbed Pb²⁺ ions using 0.1 M HCl and 100% desorbed Hg²⁺ ions using 1.5 M C₆H₈O₇.

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Title: Removal of Pb2+, Cr3+ and Hg2+ ions from aqueous solutions using SiO2 and amino-functionalized SiO2 particles
Authors: A. F. P. Allwin Mabes Raj
Sara Krajnc
Maja Bauman
Marijana Lakić
Andreja Gutmaher
Aleksandra Lobnik
Aljoša Košak
Publication date: 21-05-2022
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology / Issue 1/2022
Print ISSN: 0928-0707
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4846
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-022-05830-z

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