Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Synthesis and Molecular Structures of Endohedral Fullerenes Read chapter Read first chapter

2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

6. Scrutinizing the Endohedral Space: Superatom States and Molecular Machines

Authors : Min Feng, Hrvoje Petek

Published in: Endohedral Fullerenes: Electron Transfer and Spin

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In this chapter, we discuss two topics concerning the inner space of hollow molecules such as fullerenes, nanotubes, and even potentially materials like metal-organic frameworks. The first topic describes the special properties of electronic states, whose orbitals are not bound to specific atoms, but rather confined to vacuum region within the hollow molecules or materials. The second topic describes the dynamics of endohedral clusters within hollow molecules, whose motion can be manipulated by inelastic electron scattering, in order to realize a single-molecule switch.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
previous chapter Photoexcitation in Donor–Acceptor Dyads Based on Endohedral Fullerenes and Their Applications in Organic Photovoltaics
next chapter Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Metallofullerenes
Literature
1.
Coropceanu V, Cornil J, da Silva Filho DA, Olivier Y, Silbey R, Brédas J-L (2007) Charge transport in organic semiconductors. Chem Rev 107:926–952
2.
Tautz FS (2007) Structure and bonding of large aromatic molecules on noble metal surfaces: the example of PTCDA. Prog Surf Sci 82:479–520CrossRef
3.
Gunnarsson O (1997) Superconductivity in fullerides. Rev Mod Phys 69:575–606CrossRef
4.
Feng M, Zhao J, Petek H (2008) Atomlike, hollow-core-bound molecular orbitals of C60. Science 320:359–362CrossRef
5.
Zhao J, Feng M, Yang JL, Petek H (2009) The Superatom states of fullerenes and their hybridization into the nearly free electron bands of fullerites. ACS Nano 3:853–864CrossRef
6.
Feng M, Zhao J, Huang T, Zhu X, Petek H (2011) The electronic properties of superatom states of hollow molecules. Acc Chem Res 44:360–368CrossRef
7.
Echenique PM, Pendry JB (1978) The existence and detection of Rydberg states at surface. J Phys C: Solid State Phys 11:2065CrossRef
8.
Inkson JC (1971) The electron-electron interaction near an interface. Surf Sci 28:69–76CrossRef
9.
Inkson JC (1973) The effective exchange and correlation potential for metal surface. J Phys F: Met Phys 3:2143CrossRef
10.
Horowitz CM, Proetto CR, Pitarke JM (2010) Localized versus extended systems in density functional theory: some lessons from the Kohn-Sham exact exchange potential. Phys Rev B 81:121106CrossRef
11.
Bisio F, Nývlt M, Franta J, Petek H, Kirschner J (2006) Mechanisms of high-order perturbative photoemission from Cu(001). Phys Rev Lett 96:087601CrossRef
12.
Silkin VM, Zhao J, Guinea F, Chulkov EV, Echenique PM, Petek H (2009) Image potential states in graphene. Phys Rev B 80:121404–121408CrossRef
13.
Hu S, Zhao J, Jin Y, Yang J, Petek H, Hou JG (2010) Nearly free electron superatom states of carbon and boron nitride nanotubes. Nano Lett 10:4830–4838CrossRef
14.
Zhao J, Feng M, Yang J, Petek H (2009) The superatom states of fullerenes and their hybridization into the nearly free electron bands of fullerites. ACS Nano 3:853–864CrossRef
15.
Hoffmann R (1988) A chemical and theoretical way to look at bonding on surfaces. Rev Mod Phys 60:601–628CrossRef
16.
Chulkov EV, Silkin VM, Echenique PM (1999) Image potential states on metal surfaces: binding energies and wave functions. Surf Sci 437:330–352CrossRef
17.
Bose S, Silkin VM, Ohmann R, Brihuega I, Vitali L, Michaelis CH, Mallet P, Veuillen JY, Schneider MA, Chulkov EV, Echenique PM, Kern K (2010) Image potential states as a quantum probe of graphene interfaces. New J Phys 12:023028CrossRef
18.
Strocov VN, Blaha P, Starnberg HI, Rohlfing M, Claessen R, Debever JM, Themlin JM (2000) Three-dimensional unoccupied band structure of graphite: very-low-energy electron diffraction and band calculations. Phys Rev B 61:4994–5001CrossRef
19.
Posternak M, Baldereschi A, Freeman AJ, Wimmer E, Weinert M (1983) Prediction of electronic interlayer states in graphite and reinterpretation of alkali bands in graphite intercalation compounds. Phys Rev Lett 50:761–764CrossRef
20.
Holzwarth NAW, Louie SG, Rabii S (1982) X-ray form factors and the electronic structure of graphite. Phys Rev B 26:5382–5390CrossRef
21.
Fauster T, Himpsel FJ, Fischer JE, Plummer EW (1983) Three-dimensional energy band in graphite and lithium-intercalated graphite. Phys Rev Lett 51:430–433CrossRef
22.
Brus L (2014) Size, dimensionality, and strong electron correlation in nanoscience. Acc Chem Res 47:2951–2959CrossRef
23.
Lv R, Robinson JA, Schaak RE, Sun D, Sun Y, Mallouk TE, Terrones M (2015) Transition metal dichalcogenides and beyond: synthesis, properties, and applications of single- and few-layer nanosheets. Acc Chem Res 48:56–64CrossRef
24.
Fauster T, Himpsel FJ, Fischer JE, Plummer EW (1983) Three-dimensional energy band in graphite and lithium-intercalated graphite. Phys Rev Lett 51:430–433CrossRef
25.
Kinoshita I, Ino D, Nagata K, Watanabe K, Takagi N, Matsumoto Y (2002) Anomalous quenching of electronic states of nanographene on Pt(111) by deuterium edge termination. Phys Rev B 65:241402(R)CrossRef
26.
Lehmann J, Merschdorf M, Thon A, Voll S, Pfeiffer W (1999) Properties and dynamics of the image potential states on graphite investigated by multiphoton photoemission spectroscopy. Phys Rev B 60:17037–17045CrossRef
27.
Takahashi K, Azuma J, Kamada M (2012) Two-dimensional band dispersion and momentum-resolved lifetime of the image-potential state on graphite studied by angle-resolved multiphoton photoemission spectroscopy. Phys Rev B 85:075325CrossRef
28.
Tan S, Argondizzo A, Wang C, Cui X, Petek H (2017) Ultrafast multiphoton thermionic photoemission from graphite. Phys Rev X 7: 011004
29.
Csányi G, Littlewood PB, Nevidomskyy AH, Pickard CJ, Simons BD (2005) The role of the interlayer state in the electronic structure of superconducting graphite intercalated compounds. Nat Phys 1:42–45CrossRef
30.
Meyer JC, Geim AK, Katsnelson MI, Novoselov KS, Booth TJ, Roth S (2007) The structure of suspended graphene sheets. Nature 446:60–63CrossRef
31.
Hu SL, Zhao J, Jin YD, Yang JL, Petek H, Hou JG (2010) Nearly free electron superatom states of carbon and boron nitride nanotubes. Nano Lett 10:4830–4838CrossRef
32.
Blase X, Rubio A, Louie SG, Cohen ML (1995) Quasi-particle band-structure of bulk hexagonal boron-nitride and related systems. Phys Rev B 51:6868–6875CrossRef
33.
Margine ER, Crespi VH (2006) Universal behavior of nearly free electron states in carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev Lett 96:196803–196804CrossRef
34.
Martins JL, Troullier N, Weaver JH (1991) Analysis of occupied and empty electronic states of C60. Chem Phys Lett 180:457–460CrossRef
35.
Yannouleas C, Landman U (1994) Stabilized-jellium description of neutral and multiply charged fullerenes C 60 x± . Chem Phys Lett 217:175–185CrossRef
36.
Lu XH, Grobis M, Khoo KH, Louie SG, Crommie MF (2004) Charge transfer and screening in individual C60 molecules on metal substrates: a scanning tunneling spectroscopy and theoretical study. Phys Rev B 70:115418CrossRef
37.
Menech DD, Saalmann U, Garcia ME (2006) Energy-resolved STM mapping of C60 on metal surfaces: a theoretical study. Phys Rev B 155407
38.
Fernandez-Torrente I, Franke KJ, Pascual JI (2008) Spectroscopy of C60 single molecules: the role of screening on energy level alignment. J Phys: Condens Matter 20:184002–184011
39.
Hashizume T, Motai K, Wang XD, Shinohara H, Saito Y, Maruyama Y, Ohno K, Kawazoe Y, Nishina Y, Pickering HW, Kuk Y, Sakurai T (1993) Intramolecular structures of C60 molecules adsorbed on the Cu(111)-(1x1) surface. Phys Rev Lett 71:2959–2962CrossRef
40.
Hou JG, Yang JL, Wang H, Li Q, Zeng CG, Lin H, Wang B, Chen DM, Zhu Q (1999) Identifying molecular orientation of individual C60 on a Si(111)-(7x7) surface. Phys Rev Lett 83:3001–3004CrossRef
41.
Martins JL, Troullier N, Weaver JH (1991) Analysis of occupied and empty electronic stats of C60. Chem Phys Lett 180:457–460CrossRef
42.
Pavlyukh Y, Berakadar J (2009) Angular electronic “band structure” of molecules. Chem Phys Lett 468:313–318CrossRef
43.
Voora VK, Cederbaum LS, Jordan KD (2013) Existence of a correlation bound s-type anion state of C60. J Phys Chem Lett 4:849–853CrossRef
44.
Voora VK, Jordan KD (2014) Nonvalence correlation-bound anion states of spherical fullerenes. Nano Lett 14:4602–4606CrossRef
45.
Klaiman S, Gromov EV, Cederbaum LS (2013) Extreme correlation effects in the elusive bound spectrum of C60. J Phys Chem Lett 4:3319–3324CrossRef
46.
Dougherty DB, Feng M, Petek H, Yates JT, Zhao J (2012) Band formation in a molecular quantum well via 2D superatom orbital interactions. Phys Rev Lett 109:266802CrossRef
47.
Ueba T, Terawaki R, Morikawa T, Kitagawa Y, Okumura M, Yamada T, Kato HS, Munakata T (2013) Diffuse unoccupied molecular orbital of rubrene causing image-potential state mediated excitation. J Phys Chem C 117:20098–20103CrossRef
48.
Zoppi L, Martin-Samos L, Baldridge KK (2015) Buckybowl superatom states: a unique route for electron transport? Phys Chem Chem Phys 17:6114–6121CrossRef
49.
Feng M, Lee J, Zhao J, Yates JT, Petek H (2007) Nanoscale templating of close-packed C60 nanowires. J Am Chem Soc 129:12394–12395CrossRef
50.
Huang T, Zhao J, Feng M, Petek H, Yang SF, Dunsch L (2010) Superatom orbitals of Sc3N@C80 and their intermolecular hybridization on Cu(110)-(2 x 1)-O surface. Phys Rev B 81:085434CrossRef
51.
Feng M, Lee J, Zhao J, Yates JT, Petek H (2007) Nanoscale templating of close- packed C60 nanowires. J Am Chem Soc 129:12394–12395CrossRef
52.
Zhu XY, Dutton G, Quinn DP, Lindstrom CD, Schultz NE, Truhlar DG (2006) Molecular quantum well at the C60/Au(111) interface. Phys Rev B 74:241401CrossRef
53.
Shipman ST, Garrett-Roe S, Szymanski P, Yang A, Strader ML, Harris CB (2006) Determination of band curvatures by angle-resolved two-photon photoemission in thin films of C60 on Ag(111). J Phys Chem B 110:10002–10010CrossRef
54.
Dutton G, Zhu XY (2001) Electronic band formation at organic-metal interfaces: role of adsorbate-surface interaction. J Phys Chem B 105:10912–10917CrossRef
55.
Dutton G, Zhu XY (2002) Unoccupied states in C60 thin films probed by two-photon photoemission. J Phys Chem B 106:5975–5981CrossRef
56.
Dutton G, Zhu XY (2004) Distance-dependent electronic coupling at molecule-metal interfaces: C60/Cu(111). J Phys Chem B 108:7788–7793CrossRef
57.
Chan W, Tritsch J, Dolocan A, Ligges M, Miaja-Avila L, Zhu X (2011) Communication: momentum-resolved quantum interference in optically excited surface states. J Chem Phys 135:031101–031104CrossRef
58.
Zamkov M, Woody N, Bing S, Chakraborty HS, Chang Z, Thumm U, Richard P (2004) Time-resolved photoimaging of image-potential states in carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev Lett 93:156803CrossRef
59.
Wang KD, Zhao J, Yang SF, Chen L, Li QX, Wang B, Yang SH, Yang JL, Hou JG, Zhu QS (2003) Unveiling metal-cage hybrid states in a single endohedral metallofullerene. Phys Rev Lett 91:185504CrossRef
60.
Shinohara H (2000) Endohedral metallofullerenes. Rep Prog Phys 63:843–892CrossRef
61.
Nagase S, Kobayashi K, Kato T, Achiba Y (1993) A theoretical approach to C82 to La@C82. Chem Phys Lett 201:475–480CrossRef
62.
Laasonen K, Andreoni W, Parrinello M (1992) Structural and electronic-properties of La@C82. Science 258:1916–1918CrossRef
63.
Poirier DM, Knupfer M, Weaver JH, Andreoni W, Laasonen K, Parrinello M, Bethune DS, Kikuchi K, Achiba Y (1994) Electronic and geometric structure of La@C82 and C82: theory and experiment. Phys Rev B 49:17403–17412CrossRef
64.
Hino S, Takahashi H, Iwasaki K, Matsumoto K, Miyazaki T, Hasegawa S, Kikuchi K, Achiba Y (1993) Electronic-structure of metallofullerene LaC82 - electron transfer from lanthanum to C82. Phys Rev Lett 71:4261–4263CrossRef
65.
Kessler B, Bringer A, Cramm S, Schlebusch C, Eberhardt W, Suzuki S, Achiba Y, Esch F, Barnaba M, Cocco D (1997) Evidence for incomplete charge transfer and La-derived states in the valence bands of endohedrally doped La@C82. Phys Rev Lett 79:2289–2292CrossRef
66.
Bennig PJ, Martins JL, Weaver JH, Chibante LPF, Smalley RE (1991) Electronic states of KxC60: insulating, metallic, and superconducting character. Science 252:1417–1419CrossRef
67.
Syamala MS, Cross RJ, Saunders M (2002) 129Xe NMR spectrum of xenon inside C60. J Am Chem Soc 124:6216–6219CrossRef
68.
Gromov EV, Klaiman S, Cederbaum LS (2015) Influence of caged noble-gas atom on the superatomic and valence states of C60. Mol Phys 1–6
69.
Jorn R, Zhao J, Petek H, Seideman T (2011) Current-driven dynamics in molecular junctions: endohedral fullerenes. ACS Nano 5:7858–7865CrossRef
70.
Feng M, Shi YL, Lin CW, Zhao J, Liu FP, Yang SF, Petek H (2013) Energy stabilization of the s-symmetry superatom molecular orbital by endohedral doping of C82 fullerene with a lanthanum atom. Phys Rev B 88:075417CrossRef
71.
Popov AA, Yang S, Dunsch L (2013) Endohedral fullerenes. Chem Rev 113:5989–6113CrossRef
72.
73.
Feng M, Shi Y, Lin C, Zhao J, Liu F, Yang S, Petek H (2013) Energy stabilization of the s-symmetry superatom molecular orbital by endohedral doping of C82 fullerene with a lanthanum atom. Phys Rev B 88:075417CrossRef
74.
Iwamoto M, Ogawa D, Yasutake Y, Azuma Y, Umemoto H, Ohashi K, Izumi N, Shinohara H, Majima Y (2010) Molecular orientation of individual Lu@C82 molecules demonstrated by scanning tunneling microscopy. J Phys Chem C 114:14704–14709CrossRef
75.
Huang HJ, Yang SH (2000) Preparation and characterization of the endohedral metallofullerene Lu@C82. J Phys Chem Solids 61:1105–1110CrossRef
76.
Svitova AL, Krupskaya Y, Samoylova N, Kraus R, Geck J, Dunsch L, Popov AA (2014) Magnetic moments and exchange coupling in nitride clusterfullerenes GdxSc3-xN@C80 (x = 1-3). Dalton Trans 43:7387–7390CrossRef
77.
Hermanns CF, Bernien M, Krüger A, Schmidt C, Waßerroth ST, Ahmadi G, Heinrich BW, Schneider M, Brouwer PW, Franke KJ, Weschke E, Kuch W (2013) Magnetic coupling of Gd3N@80 endohedral fullerenes to a substrate. Phys Rev Lett 111:167203CrossRef
78.
Popov AA, Dunsch L (2008) Hindered cluster rotation and 45Sc hyperfine splitting constant in distonoid anion radical Sc3N@C80, and spatial spin − charge separation as a general principle for anions of endohedral fullerenes with metal-localized lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. J Am Chem Soc 130:17726–17742CrossRef
79.
Popov AA, Zhang L, Dunsch L (2010) A pseudoatom in a cage: trimetallofullerene Y3@C80 mimics Y3N@C80 with nitrogen substituted by a pseudoatom. ACS Nano 4:795–802CrossRef
80.
Aviram A (1988) Molecules for memory, logic, and amplification. J Am Chem Soc 110:5687–5692CrossRef
81.
Hopfield JJ, Onuchic JN, Beratan DN (1988) A molecular shift register based on electron-transfer. Science 241:817–820CrossRef
82.
Zhang JL, Zhong JQ, Lin JD, Hu WP, Wu K, Xu GQ, Wee ATS, Chen W (2015) Towards single molecule switches. Chem Soc Rev 44:2998–3022CrossRef
83.
Kaun CC, Seideman T (2005) Current-driven oscillations and time-dependent transport in nanojunctions. Phys Rev Lett 94:226801CrossRef
84.
Lee J, Tallarida N, Rios L, Perdue SM, Apkarian VA (2014) Single electron bipolar conductance switch driven by the molecular Aharonov-Bohm effect. ACS Nano 8:6382–6389CrossRef
85.
Blum AS, Kushmerick JG, Long DP, Patterson CH, Yang JC, Henderson JC, Yao YX, Tour JM, Shashidhar R, Ratna BR (2005) Molecularly inherent voltage-controlled conductance switching. Nat Mater 4:167–172CrossRef
86.
Dulic D, van der Molen SJ, Kudernac T, Jonkman HT, de Jong JJD, Bowden TN, van Esch J, Feringa BL, van Wees BJ (2003) One-way optoelectronic switching of photochromic molecules on gold. Phys Rev Lett 91:207402CrossRef
87.
Eigler DM, Lutz CP, Rudge WE (1991) An atomic switch realized with the scanning tunneling microscope. Nature 352:600–603CrossRef
88.
Osorio EA, Moth-Poulsen K, van der Zant HSJ, Paaske J, Hedegård P, Flensberg K, Bendix J, Bjørnholm T (2010) Electrical manipulation of spin states in a single electrostatically gated transition-metal complex. Nano Lett 10:105–110CrossRef
89.
Khajetoorians AA, Wiebe J, Chilian B, Wiesendanger R (2011) Realizing all-spin-based logic operations atom by atom. Science 332:1062–1064CrossRef
90.
Eigler DM, Schweizer EK (1990) Positioning single atoms with a scanning tunneling microscope. Nature 344:524–526CrossRef
91.
Crommie MF, Lutz CP, Eigler DM (1993) Confinement of electrons to quantum corrals on a metal surface. Science 262:218–220CrossRef
92.
Repp J, Meyer G, Olsson FE, Persson M (2004) Controlling the charge state of individual gold adatoms. Science 305:493–495CrossRef
93.
Wu SW, Ogawa N, Nazin GV, Ho W (2008) Conductance hysteresis and switching in a single-molecule junction. J Phys Chem C 112:5241–5244CrossRef
94.
Jan van der Molen S, Liljeroth P (2010) Charge transport through molecular switches. J Phys Condens Matter 22 133001
95.
Collier CP, Mattersteig G, Wong EW, Luo Y, Beverly K, Sampaio J, Raymo FM, Stoddart JF, Heath JR (2000) A [2]catenane-based solid state electronically reconfigurable switch. Science 289:1172–1175CrossRef
96.
Morgenstern K (2009) Isomerization reactions on single adsorbed molecules. Acc Chem Res 42:213–223CrossRef
97.
Feng M, Gao L, Deng ZT, Ji W, Guo XF, Du SX, Shi DX, Zhang DQ, Zhu DB, Gao HJ (2007) Reversible, erasable, and rewritable nanorecording on an H2 rotaxane thin film. J Am Chem Soc 129:2204–2205CrossRef
98.
Gauyacq JP, Lorente N, Novaes FD (2012) Excitation of local magnetic moments by tunneling electrons. Prog Surf Sci 87:63–107CrossRef
99.
Collier CP, Wong EW, Belohradsky M, Raymo FM, Stoddart JF, Kuekes PJ, Williams RS, Heath JR (1999) Electronically configurable molecular-based logic gates. Science 285:391–394CrossRef
100.
Choi BY, Kahng SJ, Kim S, Kim H, Kim HW, Song YJ, Ihm J, Kuk Y (2006) Conformational molecular switch of the azobenzene molecule: a scanning tunneling microscopy study. Phys Rev Lett 96:156106CrossRef
101.
Iancu V, Hla SW (2006) Realization of a four-step molecular switch in scanning tunneling microscope manipulation of single chlorophyll-a molecules. P Natl Acad Sci USA 103:13718–13721CrossRef
102.
Comstock MJ, Levy N, Kirakosian A, Cho J, Lauterwasser F, Harvey JH, Strubbe DA, Frechet JMJ, Trauner D, Louie SG, Crommie MF (2007) Reversible photomechanical switching of individual engineered molecules at a metallic surface. Phys Rev Lett 99:038301CrossRef
103.
Liljeroth P, Repp J, Meyer G (2007) Current-induced hydrogen tautomerization and conductance switching of naphthalocyanine molecules. Science 317:1203–1206CrossRef
104.
Hagen S, Kate P, Leyssner F, Nandi D, Wolf M, Tegeder P (2008) Excitation mechanism in the photoisomerization of a surface-bound azobenzene derivative: role of the metallic substrate. J Chem Phys 129
105.
Pan SA, Fu Q, Huang T, Zhao AD, Wang B, Luo Y, Yang JL, Hou JG (2009) Design and control of electron transport properties of single molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:15259–15263CrossRef
106.
Huang T, Zhao J, Feng M, Popov AA, Yang SF, Dunsch L, Petek H (2012) A multi-state single-molecule switch actuated by rotation of an encapsulated cluster within a fullerene cage. Chem Phys Lett 552:1–12CrossRef
107.
Park HK, Park J, Lim AKL, Anderson EH, Alivisatos AP, McEuen PL (2000) Nanomechanical oscillations in a single-C60 transistor. Nature 407:57–60CrossRef
108.
Zhao J, Zeng CG, Cheng X, Wang KD, Wang G, Yang JL, Hou JG, Zhu QS (2005) Single C59N molecules as a molecular rectifier. Phys Rev Lett 95:045502CrossRef
109.
Danilov AV, Hedegård P, Golubev DS, Bjørnholm T, Kubatkin SE (2008) Nanoelectromechanical switch operating by tunneling of an entire C60 molecule. Nano Lett 8:2393–2398CrossRef
110.
Nakaya M, Kuwahara Y, Aono M, Nakayama T (2008) Reversibility-controlled single molecular level chemical reaction in a C60 monolayer via ionization induced by scanning transmission microscopy. Small 4:538–541CrossRef
111.
Yasutake Y, Shi ZJ, Okazaki T, Shinohara H, Majima Y (2005) Single molecular orientation switching of an endohedral metallofullerene. Nano Lett 5:1057–1060CrossRef
112.
Neel N, Limot L, Kroger J, Berndt R (2008) Rotation of C60 in a single-molecule contact. Phys Rev B 77:125431CrossRef
113.
Bethune DS, Johnson RD, Salem JR, de Vries MS, Yannoni CS (1993) Atoms in carbon cages: the structure and properties of endohedral fullerenes. Nature 366:123–128CrossRef
114.
Petek H (2014) Single-molecule femtochemistry: molecular imaging at the space-time limit. ACS Nano 8:5–13CrossRef
115.
Huang T, Zhao J, Peng M, Popov AA, Yang SF, Dunsch L, Petek H (2011) A molecular switch based on current-driven rotation of an encapsulated cluster within a fullerene cage. Nano Lett 11:5327–5332CrossRef
116.
Stevenson S, Rice G, Glass T, Harich K, Cromer F, Jordan MR, Craft J, Hadju E, Bible R, Olmstead MM, Maitra K, Fisher AJ, Balch AL, Dorn HC (1999) Small-bandgap endohedral metallofullerenes in high yield and purity. Nature 401:55–57CrossRef
117.
Chaur MN, Melin F, Ortiz AL, Echegoyen L (2009) Chemical, electrochemical, and structural properties of endohedral metallofullerenes. Angew Chem Int Ed 48:7514–7538CrossRef
118.
Wang T, Wang C (2014) Endohedral metallofullerenes based on spherical Ih-C80 cage: molecular structures and paramagnetic properties. Acc Chem Res 47:450–458CrossRef
119.
Alvarez L, Pichler T, Georgi P, Schwieger T, Peisert H, Dunsch L, Hu Z, Knupfer M, Fink J, Bressler P, Mast M, Golden MS (2002) Electronic structure of pristine and intercalated Sc3N@C80 metallofullerene. Phys Rev B 66:035107CrossRef
120.
Kobayashi K, Sano Y, Nagase S (2001) Theoretical study of endohedral metallofullerenes: Sc3−nLanN@C80 (n = 0–3). J Comput Chem 22:1353–1358CrossRef
121.
Heine T, Vietze K, Seifert G (2004) 13C NMR fingerprint characterizes long time-scale structure of Sc3N@C80 endohedral fullerene. Magn Reso Chem 42:S199–S201CrossRef
122.
Morton JJL, Tiwari A, Dantelle G, Porfyrakis K, Ardavan A, Briggs CAD (2008) Switchable ErSc2N rotor within a C80 fullerene cage: an electron paramagnetic resonance and photoluminescence excitation study. Phys Rev Lett 101:013002CrossRef
123.
Huang T, Zhao J, Feng M, Popov AA, Yang S, Dunsch L, Petek H (2011) A Molecular switch based on current-driven rotation of an encapsulated cluster within a fullerene cage. Nano Lett 11:5327–5332CrossRef
124.
Huang T, Zhao J, Feng M, Popov AA, Yang S, Dunsch L, Petek H (2012) A multi-state single-molecule switch actuated by rotation of an encapsulated cluster within a fullerene cage. Frontiers article in. Chem Phys Lett 552:1–12CrossRef
125.
Popov AA, Dunsch L (2008) Hindered cluster rotation and 45Sc hyperfine splitting constant in distonoid anion radical Sc3N@C80−, and spatial spin − charge separation as a general principle for anions of endohedral fullerenes with metal-localized lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. J Am Chem Soc 130:17726–17742CrossRef
126.
Feng Y, Wang T, Xiang J, Gan L, Wu B, Jiang L, Wang C (2015) Tuneable dynamics of a scandium nitride cluster inside an Ih-C80 cage. Dalton Trans 44:2057–2061CrossRef
127.
Stipe BC, Rezaei MA, Ho W (1998) Inducing and viewing the rotational motion of a single molecule. Science 279:1907–1909CrossRef
128.
Kim Y, Motobayashi K, Frederiksen T, Ueba H, Kawai M (2015) Action spectroscopy for single-molecule reactions—experiments and theory. Prog Surf Sci 90:85–143CrossRef
129.
Sainoo Y, Kim Y, Okawa T, Komeda T, Shigekawa H, Kawai M (2005) Excitation of molecular vibrational modes with inelastic scanning tunneling microscopy processes: examination through action spectra of cis-2-butene on Pd(110). Phys Rev Lett 95:246102CrossRef
130.
Stipe BC, Rezaei MA, Ho W (1998) Coupling of vibrational excitation to the rotational motion of a single adsorbed molecule. Phys Rev Lett 81:1263–1266CrossRef
131.
Komeda T, Kim Y, Kawai M, Persson BNJ, Ueba H (2002) Lateral hopping of molecules induced by excitation of internal vibration mode. Science 295:2055–2058CrossRef
132.
Ohara M, Kim Y, Yanagisawa S, Morikawa Y, Kawai M (2008) Role of molecular orbitals near the Fermi level in the excitation of vibrational modes of a single molecule at a scanning tunneling microscope junction. Phys Rev Lett 100:136104CrossRef
133.
Parschau M, Passerone D, Rieder K-H, Hug HJ, Ernst K-H (2009) Switching the chirality of single adsorbate complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed 48:4065–4068CrossRef
134.
Ueba H, Tikhodeev SG, Persson BNJ (2010) Theory of inelastic tunneling current driven motions of single adsorbates. In: Seideman T (ed) Current-driven phenomena in nanoelectronics. Pan Stanford publishing Pte Ltd., Singapore
135.
Krause M, Kuzmany H, Georgi P, Dunsch L, Vietze K, Seifert G (2001) Structure and stability of endohedral fullerene Sc3N@C80: a Raman, infrared, and theoretical analysis. J Chem Phys 115:6596–6605CrossRef
136.
Salam GP, Persson M, Palmer RE (1994) Possibility of coherent multiple excitation in atom transfer with a scanning tunneling microscope. Phys Rev B 49:10655CrossRef
137.
Ueba H, Persson BNJ (2007) Action spectroscopy for single-molecule motion induced by vibrational excitation with a scanning tunneling microscope. Phys Rev B 75:041403CrossRef
138.
Motobayashi K, Kim Y, Ueba H, Kawai M (2010) Insight into action spectroscopy for single molecule motion and reactions through inelastic electron tunneling. Phys Rev Lett 105:076101CrossRef
139.
Foley ET, Kam AF, Lyding JW, Avouris P (1998) Cryogenic UHV-STM study of hydrogen and deuterium desorption from Si(100). Phys Rev Lett 80:1336–1339CrossRef
140.
Lastapis M, Martin M, Riedel D, Hellner L, Comtet G, Dujardin G (2005) Picometer-scale electronic control of molecular dynamics inside a single molecule. Science 308:1000–1003CrossRef
141.
Seideman T (2005) Nonadiabatic vibronic dynamics as a tool: from surface nanochemistry to coherently driven molecular machines. Isral J Chem 45:227–237CrossRef
142.
Zhao J, Petek H (2014) Non-nuclear electron transport channels in hollow molecules. Phys Rev B 90:075412CrossRef
143.
Zhao J, Zheng Q, Petek H, Yang J (2014) Nonnuclear nearly free electron conduction channels induced by doping charge in nanotube-molecular sheet composites. J Phys Chem A 118:7255–7260CrossRef
144.
Zhao S, Li Z, Yang J (2014) Obtaining two-dimensional electron gas in free space without resorting to electron doping: an electride based design. J Am Chem Soc 136:13313–13318CrossRef
145.
Roy X, Lee C-H, Crowther AC, Schenck CL, Besara T, Lalancette RA, Siegrist T, Stephens PW, Brus LE, Kim P, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C (2013) Nanoscale atoms in solid-state chemistry. Science 341:157–160CrossRef
146.
Le Poul N, Colasson B (2015) Electrochemically and chemically induced redox processes in molecular machines. Chem Electro Chem 2:475–496
Metadata
Title
Scrutinizing the Endohedral Space: Superatom States and Molecular Machines
Authors
Min Feng
Hrvoje Petek
Copyright Year
2017
Book
Endohedral Fullerenes: Electron Transfer and Spin

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-47047-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-47049-8

Copyright Year: 2017

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47049-8_6

Premium Partners

    Image Credits