Top

Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering

Published in:

12-10-2015 | Original Paper

Shale Failure Mechanics and Intervention Measures in Underground Coal Mines: Results From 50 Years of Ground Control Safety Research

Author: M. M. Murphy

Published in: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering | Issue 2/2016

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Ground control research in underground coal mines has been ongoing for over 50 years. One of the most problematic issues in underground coal mines is roof failures associated with weak shale. This paper will present a historical narrative on the research the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has conducted in relation to rock mechanics and shale. This paper begins by first discussing how shale is classified in relation to coal mining. Characterizing and planning for weak roof sequences is an important step in developing an engineering solution to prevent roof failures. Next, the failure mechanics associated with the weak characteristics of shale will be discussed. Understanding these failure mechanics also aids in applying the correct engineering solutions. The various solutions that have been implemented in the underground coal mining industry to control the different modes of failure will be summarized. Finally, a discussion on current and future research relating to rock mechanics and shale is presented. The overall goal of the paper is to share the collective ground control experience of controlling roof structures dominated by shale rock in underground coal mining.

previous article Constructibility Challenges for Perimeter Control Blasting and Slope Development in Shale and Other “Weak” Rocks

next article Behaviour of Weak Shales in Underground Environments

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Aughenbaugh NB (1981) Effects of humidity on ground control in mining and tunneling. Rock mechanics effects of moisture on ground control in mining and tunneling. Mini symposium no. 81-M, E-04, Soc Min Eng AIME, pp 15–20

Aughenbaugh NB, Bruzewski RF (1973) Investigation of the failure of roofs in coal mines. Final Report, US Bureau of Mines Contract No. H0111462, Department Mining, Petroleum and Geological Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri

Bahrampour S, Rostami J, Naeimipour A, Collins C (2013) Instrumentation of a roof bolter machine for void detection and rock characterization. In: Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University

Bahrampour S, Rostami J, Naeimipour A, Collins C (2014) Rock characterization using time-series classification algorithms. In: Proceedings of the 33rd international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University

Bieniawski ZT (1973) Engineering classification of jointed rock masses. Trans S Afr Inst Civ Eng 15:335–344

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012) CDC—mining topics—ground control overview—NIOSH. http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/topics/GroundControlOverview.html

Chugh YP, Missavage RA (1980) Effects of moisture on strata control in coal mines. Eng Geol 17(4):241–255CrossRef

Cummings RA, Singh MM (1981) Effect of atmospheric moisture on the deterioration of coal mine roof shales. Soc Min Eng AIME, Preprint No. 81–159, p 14

Cummings RA, Singh MM, Moebs NN (1983) Effect of atmospheric moisture in the deterioration of roof shales. Min Eng (NY), March, pp 243–245

Esterhuizen GS (2012) A stability factor for supported mine entries based on numerical model analysis. In: Proceedings of the 31st international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University

Esterhuizen GS (2015) Analysis of alternatives for using cable bolts as primary support at two low–seam coal mines. In: Proceedings of the 34th international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV, pp 247–255

Esterhuizen GS, Bajpayee TS, Murphy MM, Ellenberger JL (2013) Validation of entry stability factors determined by the strength reduction method against empirical approaches. In: Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University

Fabjanczyk M, Gale W (1999) Reinforcement techniques for weak roof. Final Report, ACARP Report No. ACA8441, ACARP Project No. C5023, October 22

Fletcher JH, Cassidy SM (1931) Air cooling to prevent falls of roof rock. Trans AIME 94:9–26

Gadde M, Peng SS (2005) Recent advances in numerical simulation of cutter roof failure in underground coal mines. In: Proceedings of the 24th international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University, pp 162–168

Gadde M, Rusnack J, Honse J (2006) Behavior of welded wire mesh used for skin control in underground coal mines: recent developments. In: Proceedings of the 25th international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University, pp 142–151

Gale WJ (1986) The application of stress measurements to the optimization of coal mine roadway driveage in the Illawarra coal measures. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on rock stress and rock stress measurements, Stockholm, pp 551–560

Hill JL (1986) Cutter roof failure: an overview of the causes and methods for control. Pittsburgh, PA: US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, IC 9094, p 27

Huang SL, Aughenbaugh NB, Rockaway JD (1986) Swelling pressure studies of shales. J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 23(5):371–377CrossRef

Kelly J Jr (1969) Drilling problem shales. Oil Gas J 9:21–35

Klemetti T, Oyler DC, Molinda GM (2009). Time-dependent roof deterioration at a central Ohio coal mine. In: Proceedings of the 28th international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University, pp 248–255

Mark C, Gadde M (2008) Global trends in coal mine horizontal stress measurements. In: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on ground control in mining, Peng SS and Mark C (eds). Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University, pp 319–331

Mark C, Molinda GM (2007) Development and application of the coal mine roof rating (CMRR). In: Proceedings of the international workshop on rock mass classification in underground mining, Mark C, Pakalnis R, Tuchman RJ (eds). Pittsburgh, PA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, pp 95–109

Mark C, Mucho TP (1994) Longwall mine design for control of horizontal stress. In: Proceedings, new technology for longwall ground control, US Bureau of Mines Technology Transfer Seminar, USBM SP 94–01, pp 53–76

Mark C, Molinda GM, Barton T (2002) New development with the coal mine roof rating. In: Proceedings 21st international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, West Virginia, pp 294–301

Mark C, Molinda GM, Burke L, Padgett P (2004) Preventing falls of ground in coal mines with exceptionally low-strength roof: two case studies. In: Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University, pp 319–331

Molinda GM (2003) Geologic hazards and roof stability in coal mines. Pittsburgh, PA: US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, IC 9466, p 33

Molinda GM (2008) Reinforcing coal mine roof with polyurethane injection: four case studies. Geotech Geol Eng 26(5):553–566CrossRef

Molinda GM, Klemetti T (2008) Diagnosing and controlling moisture-sensitive roof in coal mines. Electron J Geotech Eng 13(A):1–20

Molinda GM, Mark C (1994) Coal mine roof rating (CMRR): a practical rock mass rating for coal mines. Pittsburgh, PA: US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, IC 9387, p 83

Molinda GM, Mark C (1996) Rating the strength of coal mine roof rocks. Pittsburgh, PA: US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, IC 9444, p 36

Molinda GM, Mark C (2010) Ground failures in coal mines with weak roof. Electron J Geotech Eng 15(F):547–588

Molinda GM, Oyler DC, Gurgenli H (2006) Identifying moisture sensitive roof rocks in coal mines. In: Proceedings of the 25th international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University, pp 57–64

Murphy MM, Esterhuizen GS (2013) Quantifying the benefit of cable bolts as supplementary support in coal mines using the strength reduction method. In: Proceedings 47th US rock mechanics/geomechanics symposium, Pyrak-Nolte LJ, Chan A, Dershowitz W, Morris J, Rostami J (eds), San Francisco, CA, Paper 13–154

Peng SS (2008) Coal mine ground control, 3rd ed. Department of Mining Engineering/College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, Morgantown, WV

Rusnak J, Mark C (2000) Using the point load test to determine the uniaxial compressive strength of coal measure rock. In: Proceedings of the 19th international conference on ground control in mining, Peng SS, Mark C (eds). Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University, pp 362–371

Shaller S, Russell P (1986) Trial application of polyurethane resin in Australian coal mines in ground movement and control related to coal mining. In: Proceedings of the symposium on ground movement and control related to coal mining, Wollongong, Australia, pp 134–142

Thomas E (1950) Conventional timbering versus suspension supports. BuMines Bull 489, Greenwald HP (ed), pp 175–183

Unrug K (1997) Weatherability test of rocks for underground mines. In: Proceedings of the 16th international conference on ground control in mining, Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University, pp 259–266

Zienkiewicz OC, Humpheson C, Lewis RW (1975) Associated and non-associated visco-plasticity and plasticity in soil mechanics. Geotechnique 25:617–689CrossRef

Title: Shale Failure Mechanics and Intervention Measures in Underground Coal Mines: Results From 50 Years of Ground Control Safety Research
Author: M. M. Murphy
Publication date: 12-10-2015
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Published in: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering / Issue 2/2016
Print ISSN: 0723-2632
Electronic ISSN: 1434-453X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-015-0861-4

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 2/2016

Simulation on Vibration Characteristics of Fractured Rock

A 3D Fracture Network Model for the Undisturbed Rock Mass at the Songta Dam Site Based on Small Samples

Investigation on Mechanical Behaviors of Sandstone with Two Preexisting Flaws under Triaxial Compression

Failure Monitoring and Leakage Detection for Underground Storage of Compressed Air Energy in Lined Rock Caverns

Analysis of the Stress Wave Effect During Rock Breakage by Pulsating Jets

A Stress-Induced Permeability Evolution Model for Fissured Porous Media