Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

2011 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

9. Shallow Foundations

Author : Dr. Milutin Srbulov

Published in: Practical Soil Dynamics

Publisher: Springer Netherlands

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Shallow foundations transfer loads from structures into soil via the foundation undersides mainly and could be of pad, strip and raft shape. They are used when ground is firm or when loads are relatively small. The factors of safety for shallow foundations in static condition are usually high so that their performance in cyclic condition is usually satisfactory except in liquefiable and soft/loose soil in which case the build up of excess pore water pressure and reduction of soil strength to a small residual value could cause foundation failure and loss of serviceability as described in Section 9.5. Modern shallow foundations are made of (reinforced) concrete although older types were made of brick work or stone masonry, Fig. 9.1.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
previous chapter Slender Retaining Walls
next chapter Piled Foundations
Literature
Ambraseys NN, Srbulov M (1995) Earthquake induced displacements of slopes. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 14:59–71CrossRef
Ambraseys NN, Douglas J, Sigbjornsson R, Berge-Thierry C, Suhadolc P, Costa G, Smit P (2004) European strong motion database – volume 2. The Engineering and Physical Science Research Council of the United Kingdom GR-52114-01
ASTM D1556 – 00 Standard test method for density and init weight of soil in place by sand-cone method. Annual Book of ASTM Standards 04.08, American Society for Testing and Materials
ASTM D4253 – Standard test method for maximum index density and unit weight of soils using a vibratory table. Annual Book of ASTM Standards 04.08, American Society for Testing and Materials
ASTM D4254 – Standard test method for minimum index density and unit weight of soils and calculation of relative density. Annual Book of ASTM Standards 04.08, American Society for Testing and Materials
ASTM D4914 – Standard test methods for density of soil and rock in place by the sand replacement method in a trial pit. Annual Book of ASTM Standards 04.08, American Society for Testing and Materials
Boussinesq J (1885) Application des potentials a l’etude de l’equilibre et du movement des solides elastique. Gauthier-Villard, Paris
Bray JD, Rodolfo BS, Turan D, Akin O, Youd TL, Stewart JP, Seed RB, Cetin OK (2004) Subsurface characterization at ground failure sites in Adapazari, Turkey. ASCE J Geotechn Geoenviron Eng 130(7):673–685CrossRef
BS 1377-2 (1990) Soils for civil engineering purposes. Part 2: classification tests. British Standard Institution
BS 1377-4 (1990) Soils for civil engineering purposes. Part 4: compaction related tests. British Standard Institution
CP 2012-1 (1974) Code of practice for foundations for machinery – part 1: foundations for reciprocating machines. The British Standards Institution
Das BM (1985) Advanced soil mechanics. McGraw-Hill, Singapore
EN 1998-1 (2004) Eurocode 8 – design of structures for earthquake resistance, part 1: general rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels
EN 1998-5 (2004) Eurocode 8 – design of structures for earthquake resistance, part 5: foundations, retaining structures and geotechnical aspects. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels
FEMA 356 (2000) Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings. Building Seismic Safety Council, Washington, DC
Gazetas G, Apostolou M, Anastasopopulos J (2004) Seismic bearing capacity failure and overturning of ‘Terveler’ building in Adapazari, 1999. In: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on case histories in geotechnical engineering, New York, NY. Paper No. SOAP.11, pp 1–5
Gazetas G, Anastasopoulos I, Apostolou M (2007) Shallow and deep foundations under fault rupture or strong seismic shaking. In: Pitilakis KD (ed) Earthquake geotechnical engineering, 4th international conference on earthquake geotechnical engineering – invited lectures, Thessalonica, Greece. Springer, Berlin, Chapter 9, pp 185–215
Giek K, Giek R (1997) Engineering formulas, 7th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY
Green RA, Terri GA (2005) Number of equivalent cycles concept for liquefaction evaluations – revisited. J Geotechn Geoenviron Eng 131:477–488CrossRef
Hancock J, Bommer JJ (2004) Predicting the number of cycles of ground motion. In: The 13th world conference on earthquake engineering, Vancouver, Canada 1989
Hansen JB (1970) A revised and extended formula for bearing capacity. Bulletin No. 28, Geoteknisk Institut, Akademiet for dde Tekniske Videnskaber, Copenhagen, Denmark
Idriss IM, Kausel E, Kennedy RP, Lysmer J, Agrawal PK, Seed HB, Hadjian AH, Whitman RV (1980) Analyses of soil-structure interaction effects for nuclear power plants. Report by Ad Hoc Group on Soil-Structure Interaction of the Committee on Nuclear Structures and Materials of the Structural Division of ASCE
Ishihara K, Koga Y (1981) Case studies of liquefaction in the 1964 Niigata earthquake. Soils Foundations 21(3):35–52CrossRef
Ishihara K, Yoshimine M (1992) Evaluation of settlements in sand deposits following liquefaction during earthquakes. Soils Foundations 32:173–188CrossRef
Kishida H, Matsushita K, Sakamoto I (1969) Soil-structure interaction of the elevator tower and concrete footings. In: Proceedings of the 4th world conference on earthquake engineering, vol 3, Santiago de Chile, pp 101–115
Lacy HS, Gould JP (1985) Settlement from pile driving in sands. In: Gazetas G, Selig ET (eds) Vibration problems in geotechnical engineering, Proceedings of ASCE convention, Detroit, MI, pp 152–173
Lunne T, Robertson PK, Powell JJM (2001) Cone penetration testing in geotechnical practice. Spon Press, London
Newmark NM (1965) Effect of earthquakes on dams and embankments. Geotechnique 15:139–160CrossRef
Novak M (1985) Experiments with shallow and deep foundations. In: Gazetas G, Selig ET (eds) Vibration problems in geotechnical engineering, ASCE convention, Detroit, MI, pp 1–26
Sarma SK, Chen YC (1995) Seismic bearing capacity of shallow strip footings near sloping ground. In: Elnashai AS (ed) Proceedings of the 5th SECED conference on European seismic design practice. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp 505–512
Sarma SK, Chen YC (1997) Seismic bearing capacity of rigid deep strip foundations. In: Special technical session on earthquake geotechnical engineering at the 14th international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering. Madrid, Spain, pp 287–295
Sarma SK, Srbulov M (1998) A uniform estimation of some basic ground motion parameters. J Earthquake Eng 2:267–287
Seed HB, Idriss IM, Makdisi F, Banerje N (1975) Representation of irregular stress time histories by equivalent uniform stress series in liquefaction analyses. Report EERC 75-29, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA
Srbulov M (2008) Geotechnical earthquake engineering – simplified analyses with case studies and examples. Springer, New York, NY
Srbulov M (2010) Ground vibration engineering – simplified analyses with case studies and examples. Springer, New York, NYCrossRef
Stroud MA (1988) The standard penetration test – its application and prediction. In: Proceedings of the geotechnology conference ‘penetration testing in the UK’ organized by the Institution of Civil Engineers, Birmingham
Tajimi H (1984) Predicted and measured vibrational characteristics of a large-scale shaking table foundation. In: Proceedings of the 8th world conference on earthquake engineering, vol 3, San Francisco, CA, pp 873–880
Takada S, Tanabe K (1988) Estimation of earthquake induced settlements for lifeline engineering. In: Proceedings of the 9th world conference on earthquake engineering, vol 7, Tokyo, Japan, pp 109–114
Templeton JS III (2008) Time domain FR seismic analysis of mat-supported jackup structure on soft clay. Paper OTC 19645, Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, TX
Terzaghi K, Peck RB (1948) Soil mechanics in engineering practice. Wiley, New York, NY
Tokimatsu K, Seed HB (1987) Empirical correlation of soil liquefaction based on SPT N-value and fines content. Soils Foundations 23:56–74CrossRef
Verruijt A (1994) Soil dynamics. Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
Wolf JP (1994) Foundation vibration analysis using simple physical models. PTR Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Yamagami T, Hangai Y (1988) Response observation of a reinforced concrete tower. In: Proceedings of the 9th world conference on earthquake engineering, Tokyo, Japan, Paper 5-4-10, pp 715–720
Metadata
Title
Shallow Foundations
Author
Dr. Milutin Srbulov
Copyright Year
2011
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Book
Practical Soil Dynamics

Print ISBN: 978-94-007-1311-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-94-007-1312-3

Copyright Year: 2011

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1312-3_9