Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Colloid and Polymer Science
Published in: Colloid and Polymer Science 9/2013

01-09-2013 | Original Contribution

Synthesis and characterization of polystyrene chains on the surface of silica nanoparticles: comparison of SANS, SAXS, and DLS results

Polystyrene chains on silica nanoparticle

Authors: Chang J. Kim, Katrin Sondergeld, Markus Mazurowski, Markus Gallei, Matthias Rehahn, Tinka Spehr, Henrich Frielinghaus, Bernd Stühn

Published in: Colloid and Polymer Science | Issue 9/2013

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

An extensive characterization of well-defined polystyrene (PS)-grafted silica nanoparticles is reported. Bare SiO2 particles (diameter 50 nm) were functionalized with a suitable initiator for the surface-initiated anionic polymerization of styrene. Both grafted and free PS chains were characterized and compared by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). PS-grafted particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The thickness of the grafted PS chains was obtained by SANS and DLS and scaled with \(M_{\mathrm {w}}^{0.6}\) displaying similar behavior with free PS chains in the same solvent used, tetrahydrofuran (THF). Grafting densities obtained from SANS data and TGA were found to be small, and the thickness of the grafted PS chains determined by SANS was found to be similar to \(2R_{\mathrm {g}}\) of free PS chains in THF. Both results are consistent with a “coil-like” conformation of the grafted PS chains.
previous article Electrorheology of aniline oligomers
next article A new approach to visualizing the carbon black/natural rubber interaction layer in carbon black-filled natural rubber vulcanizates and to elucidating the dependence of mechanical properties on quantitative parameters

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
Literature
1.
2.
Brittain WJ, Minko SA (2007) Structural definition of polymer brushes. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 45:3505–3512CrossRef
3.
Napper DH (1983) Polymeric stabilisation of colloidal dispersions, 1st edn. Academic, London
4.
Pincus P (1991) Colloid stabilization with grafted polyelectrolytes. Macromolecules 24:2912–2919CrossRef
5.
Green DL, McEwan M (2006) Connecting the wetting and rheological behaviors of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-grafted silica spheres in poly(dimethylsiloxane) melts. Langmuir 22:9546–9553CrossRef
6.
Chevigny C, Dalmas F, Cola ED, Gigmes D, Bertin D, Boue F, Jestin J (2011) Polymer-grafted-nanoparticles nanocomposites: dispersion, grafted chain conformation and rheological behavior. Macromolecules 44:122–133CrossRef
7.
Akcora P, Liu H, Kumar S, Moll J, Li Y, Benicewicz B, Schadler SL, Acehan D, Panagiotopoulos ZA, Pryamitsyn V, Ganesan V, Ilavsky I, Thigagarajan P, Colby HR, Douglas FJ (2009) Anisotropic self-assembly of spherical polymer-grafted nanoparticles. Nat Matter 8:354–359CrossRef
8.
Stuart MAC, Huck WTS, Genzer J, Muller M, Ober C, Stamm M, Sukhorukov G, Szleifer I, Tsukruk VV, Urban M, Winnik F, Zauscher S, Luzinov I, Minko S (2010) Emerging applications of stimuli-responsive polymer materials. Nat Matter 9(2):101CrossRef
9.
Ho K, Li W, Wong C, Li P (2010) Amphiphilic polymeric particles with core/shell nanostructures: emulsion-based syntheses and potential applications. Colloid Polym Sci 288:1503CrossRef
10.
11.
Shinho H, Kawahashi N (2000) Iron compounds as coatings on polystyrene latex and as hollow spheres. J Colloid Sci 226:91CrossRef
12.
Chaudhuri R, Paria S (2012) Core/shell nanoparticles: classes, properties, synthesis mechanisms, characterization, and applications. Chem Rev 112:2373CrossRef
13.
Savin A, Pyun J, Patterson D, Kowalewski T, Matyjaszewski K (2002) Synthesis and characterization of silica-graft-polystyrene hybrid nanoparticles: effect of constraint on the glass-transition temperature of spherical polymer brushes. J Pol Sci B Polym Phys 40:2667–2676CrossRef
14.
Ohno K, Moringa T, Takeno S, Tsujii Y, Fukuda T (2007) Suspensions of silica particles grafted with concentrated polymer brush: effects of graft chain length on brush layer thickness and colloidal crystallization. Macromolecules 40:9143–9150CrossRef
15.
Dukes D, Li Y, Benicewicz B, Schadler L, Kumar SK (2010) Conformational transitions of spherical polymer brushes: synthesis, characterization, and theory. Macromolecules 43:1564–1570CrossRef
16.
Hübner E, Allgaier J, Meyer M, Stellbrink J, Pyckhout-Hintzen W, Richter D (2010) Synthesis of polymer/silica hybrid nanoparticles using anioic polymerization techniques. Macromolecules 43:856–867CrossRef
17.
Chevigny C, Gigmes D, Bertin D, Jestin J, Boue F (2009) Polystyrene grafting from silica nanoparticles via nitroxide-mediated polymerization(NMP): synthesis and SANS analysis with the contrast variation method. Soft Matter 5:3741–3753CrossRef
18.
Jia H, Grillo I, Titmuss S (2010) Small angle neutron study of polyelectrolyte brushes grafted to well-defined gold nanoparticle interfaces. Langmuir 26(10):7482–7488CrossRef
19.
Carrot G, El Harrak A, Oberdisse J, Jestin J, Boue F (2006) Polymer grafting from 10-nm individual particles: proving control by neutron scattering. Soft Matter 2:1043–1047CrossRef
20.
Carrot G, Gal F, Cremona C, Vinas J, Perez H (2009) Polymer-grafted-platinum nanoparticles: from three-dimensional small angle neutron scattering study to tunable two-dimensional array formation. Langmuir 25:471–478CrossRef
21.
Zhou Q, Fan X, Xia C, Mays J, Advincula R (2001) Living anionic surface initiated polymerization (SIP) of styrene from clay surfaces. Chem Mater 13:2465–2467CrossRef
22.
Fan X, Zhou Q, Xia C, Cristofoli W, Mays J, Advincula R (2002) Living anionic surface-initiated polymerization (LASIP) of styrene from clay nanoparticles using surface bound 1, 1-diphenylethylene (DPE) initiators. Langmuir 18:4511–4518CrossRef
23.
Jordan R (2006) Surface-initiated polymerization I. Adv Poly Sci 197:107–136CrossRef
24.
Frisken BJ (2001) Revisiting the method of cumulants for the analysis of dynamic light-scattering data. Appl Optic 40:24CrossRef
25.
Koppel DE (1972) Analysis of macromolecular polydispersity in intensity correlation spectroscopy: the method of cumulants. J Phys Chem 57:4814CrossRef
26.
Bogaert H (1992) Improved methods for the analysis of dispersed kinetics in heterogeneous systems. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 88(23):3467–3474CrossRef
27.
Vad T, Sager WFC, Zhang J, Buitenhuis J, Radulescu A (2010) Experimental determination of resolution function parameters from small-angle neutron scattering data of a colloidal SiO2 dispersion. J Appl Cryst 43:686–692CrossRef
28.
Zhou Q, Wang S, Fan X, Advincula R (2002) Living anionic surface-initiated polymerization of a polymer on silica nanoparticles. Langmuir 18:3324–3331CrossRef
29.
Prucker O, Rühe J (1998) Mechanism of radical chain polymerizations initiated by Azo compounds covalently bound to the surface of spherical particles. Macromolecules 31:602CrossRef
30.
Prucker O, Rühe J (1998) Synthesis of poly (styrene) monolayers attached to high surface area silica gels through self-assembled monolayers of Azo initiators. Macromolecules 31:592CrossRef
31.
Böttcher H, Hallensleben ML, Nuss S, Wurm H (2000) ATRP grafting from silica surface to create first and second generation of grafts. Polym Bull 44:223CrossRef
32.
Green DL, Lin JS, Lam YF, Hu MZC, Schaefer DW, Harris MT (2003) J Coll Interface Sci 266:346–358CrossRef
33.
Mark J (2007) Physical properties of polymer handbook, Chapter 16, 2nd edn. Springer Science, New York, p 289CrossRef
34.
Brandrup EJ, Immergut E, Grulke E (1999) Polymer handbook, Chapter 7, vol 4. Wiley, New York, p 675
35.
Pedersen JS, Gerstenberg MC (1996) Scattering form factor of block copolymer micelles. Macromolecules 29:1363–1365CrossRef
36.
Pedersen JS, Svaneborg C (2001) Scattering from block copolymer micelles. J Chem Phys 114:2839–2846CrossRef
37.
Förster S, Wenz E, Lindner P (1996) Density profile of spherical polymer brushes. Phys Rev Lett 77:95–97CrossRef
38.
Förster S, Burger C (1998) Scattering functions of polymeric core-shell structures and excluded volume chains. Macromolecules 31:879–891CrossRef
39.
Daoud M, Cotton JP (1982) Star shaped polymers: a model for the conformation and its concentration dependence. J Physique 43:531–538
40.
Won YY, Davis HT, Bates FS, Agamalian M, Wignall GD (2000) Segment distribution of the micellar brushes of poly(ethylene oxide) via small-angle neutron scattering. J Phys Chem B104:7134–7143
41.
Auroy P, Auvray L, Leger L (1991) Structures of end-grafted polymer layers: a small-angle neutron scattering study. Macromolecules 24:2523–2528CrossRef
42.
Cosgrove T, Heath TG, Ryan K (1994) Terminally attached polystyrene chains on modified silicas. Langmuir 10:3500–3506CrossRef
43.
Huber K, Bantle S, Lutz P, Walther B (1985) Hydrodynamic and thermodynamic behavior of short-chain polystyrene in toluene and cyclohexane at 34.5°C. Macromolecules 18:1461–1467CrossRef
44.
Blochowicz T, Gogelein C, Spehr T, Müller M, Stühn B (2007) Polymer-induced transient networks in water-in-oil microemulsions studied by small-angle x ray and dynamic light scattering. Phys Rev E 76:041505
45.
Wu T, Efimenko K, Genzer J (2002) Combinatorial study of the mushroom-to-brush crossover in surface anchored polyacrylamide. J Am Chem Soc 124(32):9394–9395CrossRef
46.
Wu T, Efimenko K, Vlcek P, Subr V, Genzer J (2003) Formation and properties of anchored polymers with a gradual variation of grafting densities on flat substrates. Macromolecules 36:2448–2453CrossRef
47.
Verso FL, Egorov SA, Milchev A, Binder K (2010) Spherical polymer brushes under good solvent conditions: molecular dynamics results compared to density functional theory. J Chem Phys 133:184901CrossRef
48.
Harton ES, Kumar SK (2008) Mean-field theoretical analysis of brush-coated nanoparticle dispersion in polymer matrices. J Pol Sci B Polym Phys 46:351–358CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Synthesis and characterization of polystyrene chains on the surface of silica nanoparticles: comparison of SANS, SAXS, and DLS results
Polystyrene chains on silica nanoparticle
Authors
Chang J. Kim
Katrin Sondergeld
Markus Mazurowski
Markus Gallei
Matthias Rehahn
Tinka Spehr
Henrich Frielinghaus
Bernd Stühn
Publication date
01-09-2013
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Colloid and Polymer Science / Issue 9/2013
Print ISSN: 0303-402X
Electronic ISSN: 1435-1536
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-013-2923-z

Other articles of this Issue 9/2013

Colloid and Polymer Science 9/2013 Go to the issue

Original Contribution

Synthesis and characterization of ferromagnetic Fe3C/C composite nanoparticles as a catalyst for carbon nanotube growth

Short Communication

Synthesis of a main-chain liquid crystalline azo-polymer via “click” chemistry

Original Contribution

Anomalous small-angle x-ray scattering from mesoporous noble metal catalysts

Original Contribution

Controlled ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters with phosphoric acid as catalysts

Original Contribution

Facile synthesis of calcium carbonate with an absolutely pure crystal form using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dodecyl sulfate as the modifier

Invited Review

A review on tough and sticky hydrogels

Premium Partners

    Image Credits