Technological Paradigms for Cultural Heritage. A Scan To BIM Methodology for the Description of Historical Architecture

The digitalization of Cultural Heritage, important for its preservation and enhancement, helps to keep alive the memory of national communities and their territories and at the same time promote the cultural development. With regard, innovative information and communications technologies have become essential so far for carrying out three-dimensional surveys in the form of point clouds, to obtain texturized and/or parametric models in Building Information Modeling (BIM) environments. Furthermore, using methodologies to support the transition from point clouds to informative models, it is possible of providing an immersive fruition of the scanned object through virtual, augmented, and mixed reality. Many studies have been devoted to the Scan to BIM process, experimenting innovative techniques (such as semantic enrichment, artificial intelligence) with the purpose of enhancing the efficiency of the integration process between point clouds and models, thus creating a cooperative approach that, starting from the survey phase, can end up in a model which is both digital and informative and demands different competences for a more accurate analysis. In the present will be described some experimental approaches, applied to different study cases, that made use of integrated survey techniques (terrestrial laser scanner, close-range photogrammetry), meant to be implemented in the Heritage-BIM.