The Cooling Tower Model Smoka and its Application to a Large Set of Data

SMOKA, an entrainment model for moist heat sources, contains a set of seven differential equations: horizontal and vertical motion, enthalpy, vapour, cloud water, rain water, any admixture. It respects buoyancy, conversion of sensible and latent heat, mixing of plume air and environmental air as well as mutual mixing of up to ten separate sources. The entrainment rate depends on wind shearing and RICHARDSON number and is based on modern boundary layer theories. The model is calibrated by cooling tower plume observations. The results of the verification are shown.The dependence on the marginal conditions (waste heat, wind speed, atmospheric stability, temperature, humidity) is demonstrated.The model is applied to radiosonde data of five stations (about 3650 data sets of each one). This large number allows statistical declarations on cooling tower plumes respecting regional and seasonal particularities.SMOKA can also be used for other heat sources. Calculations for the purpose of calibrating and testing the model applied to hot smoke are in preparation.