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Published in: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie 1/2019

01-06-2019 | Hauptbeiträge

The digitalization of the social situation—a sociological exploratory experiment

Author: Werner Reichmann

Published in: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie | Special Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Technological developments in the field of digital media have significantly transformed social interaction on many levels. These changes challenge micro-sociological research because some of its concepts and assumptions are no longer able to adequately reflect empirical reality. One of the fundamental micro-sociological units, the “social situation”, has expanded in many respects and its interaction order has undergone substantial changes. While Erving Goffman assumed a “body-to-body” starting point in social situations and defined them as environments where individuals find themselves accessible to the naked senses of all others who are bodily co-present, recent technological developments fundamentally challenge this classic definition as interaction situations are increasingly digitally mediated.
In this paper, I use Karin Knorr Cetina’s concept of the “synthetic situation” to take these new developments into account and re-conceptualize the social situation. To analyze the differences between Goffman’s notion of the social situation and the technology-laden synthetic situation, I use an innovative exploratory experimental setup. I present two dimensions of the differences compared to Goffman’s concept: the dynamisation of the synthetic situation and the manifold situational influences of “synthetic actors”.

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Footnotes
1
The term “naked situation” is used by Knorr Cetina (2009, p. 69) and refers to Goffman’s (1983, p. 135) definition of the social situation, in which participants can reach and interact with each other through their “naked senses”, i.e. using their natural senses.
 
2
We use Facebook simply as a user-generated database that provides data that may describe or characterize the users. In general, it would be possible to use any other database or social media to do so. Still, Facebook is one of the most popular social networks and provides the technical infrastructure for an experiment similar to the one here.
 
3
https://​youtu.​be/​vYpv_​RFjubU, last accessed on 29 August 2018. To understand the experiment, I kindly ask the reader to watch the video at this point of the article.
 
4
We planned to operate with five individuals per situation but, unfortunately, sometimes test persons did not show up.
 
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Metadata
Title
The digitalization of the social situation—a sociological exploratory experiment
Author
Werner Reichmann
Publication date
01-06-2019
Publisher
Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
Published in
Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie / Issue Special Issue 1/2019
Print ISSN: 1011-0070
Electronic ISSN: 1862-2585
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11614-019-00355-2

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