Top

Published in:

2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

The Effect of Deformation Mode and Microstructure on the IGC Susceptibility of Al–Mg–Si–Cu Alloys for Automotive Applications

Authors : R. Müller-Jena, J. Becker, T. Beyer, T. Hentschel, M. Rosefort, A. Stieben, D. Zander

Published in: Light Metals 2020

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Intergranular corrosion (IGC) can occur in 6000 series alloys due to the formation of corrosion-active Mg₂Si phases or copper-enriched nanofilms at the grain boundaries. The formation of these films highly depends on the alloy composition and thermomechanical history such as the deformation degree and the grain morphology. The present study explores the underlying mechanisms of IGC of different industrially-used extruded, rolled, and cast 6000 series aluminum alloys with high copper contents using standardized immersion tests (DIN EN ISO 11846 B). A particular focus is set on the influence of processing parameters on the grain size and morphology and their effect on the corrosion susceptibility. The results are correlated to the microstructure using optical light microscopy, Barker etchings and scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion susceptibility as well as the corrosion mechanism was found to be highly dependent on the processing route, the resulting grain structure and the dislocation accumulation through deformation.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

previous chapter Hemming Evolution of 6xxx Aluminum Alloys in the Course of Natural Aging Following the Continuous Annealing

next chapter Evolution of Grain Refinement in AA5083 Sheet Metal Processed by ECAP

Kairy S, Rometsch P, Davies C Birbilis N, (2017) On the Intergranular Corrosion and Hardness Evolution of 6xxx Series Al Alloys as a Function of Si: Mg Ratio, Cu Content, and Aging Condition. Corrosion. 73(10):1280–1295. https://doi.org/10.5006/2506.

Svenningsen G, Larsen MH, Nordlien JH Nisancioglu K, (2006) Effect of thermomechanical history on intergranular corrosion of extruded AlMgSi (Cu) model alloy. Corros. Sci. 48(12):3969–3987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2006.03.018.

Schnatterer C Zander D, (2016) Influence of the grain boundary chemistry on the intergranular corrosion mechanisms of a high‐strength Al‐Mg‐Si alloy. Surf. Interface Anal. 48(8):750–754. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5859.

Chakrabarti DJ Laughlin DE, (2004) Phase relations and precipitation in Al–Mg–Si alloys with Cu additions. Prog. Mater Sci. 49(3):389–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6425(03)00031-8.

Kuijpers NCW, Vermolen FJ, Vuik C, Koenis PTG, Nilsen KE Zwaag Svd, (2005) The dependence of the β-AlFeSi to α-Al(FeMn)Si transformation kinetics in Al–Mg–Si alloys on the alloying elements. Mater. Sci. Eng., A. 394(1):9–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2004.09.073.

Svenningsen G, Larsen MH, Nordlien JH Nisancioglu K, (2006) Effect of high temperature heat treatment on intergranular corrosion of AlMgSi (Cu) model alloy. Corros. Sci. 48(1):258–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2004.12.003.

Svenningsen G, Larsen MH, Walmsley JC, Nordlien JH Nisancioglu K, (2006) Effect of artificial aging on intergranular corrosion of extruded AlMgSi alloy with small Cu content. Corros. Sci. 48(6):1528–1543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2005.05.045.

Zeng F-l, Wei Z-l, Li J-f, Li C-x, Xing T, Zhang Z Zheng Z-q, (2011) Corrosion mechanism associated with Mg 2 Si and Si particles in Al–Mg–Si alloys. T. Nonferr. Metal. Soc. 21(12):2559–2567. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(11)61092-3.

Hug H, (1941) Über den Einfluß geringer Schwermetallgehalte auf die Korrosionsbeständigkeit von Al–Mg–Si-Legierungen. Aluminium. 23(1):33.

10.

Larsen MH, Walmsley JC, Lunder O Nisancioglu K, (2007) Effect of heat treatment on grain boundary nanostructure and corrosion of low copper AlMgSi alloy. ECS Transactions. 3(31):167–172. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2789224.

11.

Larsen MH, Walmsley JC, Lunder O Nisancioglu K, (2010) Effect of excess silicon and small copper content on intergranular corrosion of 6000-series aluminum alloys. J. Electrochem. Soc. 157(2):C61-C68. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3261804.

12.

Kairy S, Rometsch P, Davies C Birbilis N, (2016) On the electrochemical and quasi in situ corrosion response of the Q-phase (AlxCuyMgzSiw) intermetallic particle in 6xxx series aluminum alloys. Corrosion. 73(1):87–99. https://doi.org/10.5006/2249.

13.

Kairy SK, Rometsch PA, Diao K, Nie JF, Davies CHJ Birbilis N, (2016) Exploring the electrochemistry of 6xxx series aluminium alloys as a function of Si to Mg ratio, Cu content, ageing conditions and microstructure. Electrochim. Acta. 190:92–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.098.

14.

Himuro Y, Koyama K Bekki Y, (2006) Precipitation behaviour of zirconium compounds in Zr-bearing Al-Mg-Si alloy. Mater. Sci. Forum. 519:501–506. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.501.

15.

Meng Y, Cui J, Zhao Z He L, (2014) Effect of Zr on microstructures and mechanical properties of an AlMgSiCuCr alloy prepared by low frequency electromagnetic casting. Mater. Charact. 92:138–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2014.02.013.

16.

Kenyon M, Robson J, Fellowes J Liang Z, (2019) Effect of Dispersoids on the Microstructure Evolution in Al–Mg–Si Alloys. Adv. Eng. Mater. 21(4):1800494. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201800494.

17.

Lodgaard L Ryum N, (2000) Precipitation of dispersoids containing Mn and/or Cr in Al–Mg–Si alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng., A. 283(1–2):144-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(00)00734-6.

18.

Ralston K Birbilis N, (2010) Effect of grain size on corrosion: a review. Corrosion. 66(7):075005 1-075005 13. https://doi.org/10.5006/1.3462912.

19.

Nickel D, Dietrich D, Mehner T, Frint P, Spieler D Lampke T, (2015) Effect of strain localization on pitting corrosion of an AlMgSi0. 5 alloy. Metals. 5(1):172–191. https://doi.org/10.3390/met5010172.

20.

Jilani O, Njah N Ponthiaux P, (2014) Transition from intergranular to pitting corrosion in fine grained aluminum processed by equal channel angular pressing. Corros. Sci. 87:259–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2014.06.031.

21.

Brunner J, May J, Höppel H, Göken M Virtanen S, (2010) Localized corrosion of ultrafine-grained Al–Mg model alloys. Electrochim. Acta. 55(6):1966–1970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.11.016.

22.

Ma Y, Zhou X, Liao Y, Yi Y, Wu H, Wang Z Huang W, (2016) Localised corrosion in AA 2099-T83 aluminium-lithium alloy: the role of grain orientation. Corros. Sci. 107:41–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2016.02.018.

23.

Brunner J, Birbilis N, Ralston K Virtanen S, (2012) Impact of ultrafine-grained microstructure on the corrosion of aluminium alloy AA2024. Corros. Sci. 57:209–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2011.12.016.

24.

Holmestad J, Ervik M, Marioara CD Walmsley JC, (2014) Investigation of grain boundaries in an Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy. Mater. Sci. Forum. 794:951–956. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.951.

25.

Saito T, Muraishi S, Marioara CD, Andersen SJ, Røyset J Holmestad R, (2013) The effects of low Cu additions and predeformation on the precipitation in a 6060 Al-Mg-Si alloy. Metall. Mater. Trans. A. 44(9):4124–4135.

26.

Wang Z, Zhu F, Zheng K, Jia J, Wei Y, Li H, Huang L Zheng Z, (2018) Effect of the thickness reduction on intergranular corrosion in an under–aged Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloy during cold–rolling. Corros. Sci. 142:201–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2018.07.018.

27.

Zhang X, Zhou X, Nilsson J-O, Dong Z Cai C, (2018) Corrosion behaviour of AA6082 Al-Mg-Si alloy extrusion: Recrystallized and non-recrystallized structures. Corros. Sci. 144:163–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2018.08.047.

28.

Sláma P Nacházel J, (2017) Effect of mechanical treatment on intergranular corrosion of 6064 alloy bars. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 179:012064. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/179/1/012064.

29.

Ly R, Hartwig KT Castaneda H, (2018) Effects of strain localization on the corrosion behavior of ultra-fine grained aluminum alloy AA6061. Corros. Sci. 139:47–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2018.04.023.

30.

Vander Voort GF, Lampman SR, Sanders BR, Anton GJ, Polakowski C, Kinson J, Muldoon K, Henry SD Scott Jr WW, (2004) ASM handbook. Metallography and microstructures. 9:44073–0002.

31.

Strobel K, Sweet E, Easton M, Nie JF Couper M, (2010) Dispersoid phases in 6xxx series aluminium alloys. Mater. Sci. Forum. 654:926–929. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.926.

32.

Wright SI, Nowell MM Field DP, (2011) A review of strain analysis using electron backscatter diffraction. Microsc. Microanal. 17(3):316–329. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1431927611000055.

33.

Kairy SK, Alam T, Rometsch PA, Davies CHJ, Banerjee R Birbilis N, (2016) Understanding the Origins of Intergranular Corrosion in Copper-Containing Al-Mg-Si Alloys. Metall. Mater. Trans. A. 47(3):985–989. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-3296-3.

Title: The Effect of Deformation Mode and Microstructure on the IGC Susceptibility of Al–Mg–Si–Cu Alloys for Automotive Applications
Authors: R. Müller-Jena
J. Becker
T. Beyer
T. Hentschel
M. Rosefort
A. Stieben
D. Zander
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Light Metals 2020
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-36407-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-36408-3

Copyright Year: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36408-3_51

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Premium Partners