Top

Journal of International Entrepreneurship

Published in:

13-09-2018

The essence of entrepreneurial internationalization: Managing the dynamic complexity of interactive relationship and reflective adaptations

Author: Hamid Etemad

Published in: Journal of International Entrepreneurship | Issue 3/2018

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Excerpt

The notion of complexity in entrepreneurial decisions and processes has historical roots and is broadly based, but the causes, components, and the extent of interactions that give rise to the complexity are neither traced nor discussed comprehensively. The issues of interactions, consequent adaptations, and corresponding complexity deserve special attention and possibly a few special issues to address the various facets of them. The task of fully mapping the components, their temporal impact over every decisions’ life cycles, from inception to conclusion, and their consequent effects on other related decision and process will be a daunting task, especially when such entrepreneurial decisions reflect and dynamically adapt to the changing conditions in the context(s), within which decisions are made over time. However, these issues are neither recent nor new phenomena. The “entrepreneurs”¹ of the ancient eras faced higher risks, uncertainties, general complexities, and even personal hardships that are nearly unimaginable today. …

next article Firm-level entrepreneurship and international performance: A simultaneous examination of orientation and action

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Although the French term “entrepreneur” was suggested centuries later, we have used it for consistency.

Merriam Webster Definition of “caravan” for the above context is a company of travelers on a journey through desert or hostile regions; also with a train of pack animals”. Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/caravan

A Caravanserai (/kærəˈvænsəˌraɪ/) was a roadside inn, where travelers (caravaners) could rest and recover from the day’s journey. Caravanserais supported the flow of commerce, information, and people across the network of trade routes covering Asia, North Africa, and Southeast Europe, especially along the Silk Road. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caravanserai

The term “interaction(s)” refers to the process of proactive anticipation, possible adaptations, continuous monitoring, and assessment of outcomes over time. This is also a learning process that enables further improvement through monitoring and consequent adaptations.

We refer to the team of influential decision-makers as the “entrepreneur” to abstract from a potentially complicated intra-organizational dynamic for simplicity.

Abatecola G, Cafferata R, Poggesi S (2012) Arthur Stinchcombe's “liability of newness”: contribution and impact of the construct. J Manag Hist 18(4):402–418. https://doi.org/10.1108/17511341211258747 CrossRef

Bandura A (1986) Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall

Bandura A (2001) Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective. Annu Rev Psychol 52:1–26CrossRef

Bandura A (2002) Social cognitive theory in cultural context. Appl Psychol 51:269–290CrossRef

Burgelman RA (1983) Corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management: insights from a process study. Manag Sci 29(12):1349–1364CrossRef

Covin JG, Miles MP (1999) Corporate entrepreneurship and the pursuit of competitive advantage. Enterp Theory Pract 23(3):47–63CrossRef

Covin JG, Miller D (2014) International entrepreneurial orientation: conceptual considerations, research themes, measurement issues, and future research directions. Enterp Theory Pract 38(1):11–44CrossRef

Covin JG, Slevin DP (1991) A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Enterp Theory Pract 16(1):7–25CrossRef

Etemad H (2004) International entrepreneurship as a dynamic adaptive system: towards a grounded theory. J Int Entrep 2(1 & 2):5–59CrossRef

Hymer SH (1976) International operations of national firms: a study of direct investment. MIT press, Cambridge

Johanson J, Vahlne JE (1990) The mechanism of internationalization. Int Mark Rev 7(4):11–24CrossRef

Johanson J, Vahlne JE (2003) Business relations learning and commitment in the internationalization process. J Int Entrep 1(1):83–101CrossRef

Katona G (1975) Psychological economics. Elsevier, New York

Kuratko DF (2005) The emergence of entrepreneurship education: development, trends, and challenges. Enterp Theory Pract 29:577–598CrossRef

Locke EA, Latham GP (2004) What should we do about motivation theory? Six recommendations for the twenty-first century. Acad Manag Rev 29:388–403. https://doi.org/10.2307/20159050 CrossRef

Lumpkin GT, Dess GG (1996) Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Acad Manag Rev 21(1):135–172CrossRef

Lumpkin GT, Dess GG (2001) Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: the moderating role of environment and industry life cycle. J Bus Ventur 16(5):429–451CrossRef

Lyon DW, Lumpkin GT, Dess GD (2000) Enhancing entrepreneurial orientation research: operationalizing and measuring a key strategic decision making process. J Manag 26(5):1055–1085

McDougall PP, Oviatt BM (2000) International entrepreneurship: the intersection of two research paths. Acad Manag J 43(5):902–906

Memili E, Lumpkin GT, Dess GG (2011) Entrepreneurial orientation: the driving force for corporate entrepreneurship. In: Mazzola P, Kellermanns FW (eds) Handbook of Research on Strategy Process. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, pp. 624

Miller D (1983) The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Manag Sci 29(7):770–791CrossRef

Morris NM, Kuratko DF, Pryor CG (2014) Building blocks for the development of university-wide entrepreneurship. Enterp Theory Pract 4:45–68

Neck HM, Greene PG, Brush CG (2014) Teaching entrepreneurship: a practice-based approach. Edward Elgar Publishing, CheltenhamCrossRef

Oviatt BM, McDougall PP (1994) Toward a theory of international new ventures. J Int Bus Stud 25:45–64CrossRef

Oviatt BM, McDougall PP (2005) Defining international entrepreneurship and modeling the speed of internationalization. Enterp Theory Pract 29:537–553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2005.00097.x CrossRef

Rauch A, Wiklund J, Lumpkin G, Frese M (2009) Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: an assessment of past research and suggestions for the future. Enterp Theory Pract 33(3):761–787CrossRef

Stevenson HH, Jarillo JC (1990) A paradigm of entrepreneurship—entrepreneurial management. Strateg Manag J 11(5):17–27

Stinchcombe AL (1965) Social structure and organizations. In: March JG (ed) Handbook of organizations. Rand McNally, Chicago, pp 142–193

Zaheer S (1995) Overcoming the liability of foreignness. Acad Manag J 38(2):341–363

Zaheer S, Mosakowski E (1997) The dynamics of the liability of foreignness: a global study of survival in financial services. Strateg Manag J 18(6):439–463CrossRef

Title: The essence of entrepreneurial internationalization: Managing the dynamic complexity of interactive relationship and reflective adaptations
Author: Hamid Etemad
Publication date: 13-09-2018
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of International Entrepreneurship / Issue 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1570-7385
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7349
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-018-0237-4

Springer Professional

Excerpt

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Other articles of this Issue 3/2018

The interplay of entrepreneurship education and national cultures in entrepreneurial activity: a social cognitive perspective

Firm-level entrepreneurship and international performance: A simultaneous examination of orientation and action

International experience, growth aspirations, and the internationalisation of new ventures

Language ability and entrepreneurship education: Necessary skills for Europe’s start-ups?