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Published in: AI & SOCIETY 1/2024

19-03-2022 | Curmudgeon Corner

The ethical imperative to identify and address data and intelligence asymmetries

Author: Stefaan G. Verhulst

Published in: AI & SOCIETY | Issue 1/2024

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Excerpt

Francis Bacon is generally known as the man who developed the scientific method1 in the sixteenth century, but he is also credited with coining the aphorism that “knowledge is power” (Meditationes Sacrae, 1597). As economies and society in general have grown more complex, the truth of this aphorism has only increased. In 1970, George Akerlof published “The Market for Lemons,”2 his seminal paper on information asymmetries and how access to information can define markets and establish winners and losers. Although Akerlof focused on the used car market, his insights applied across sectors and industries. In 2001, Akerlof, Michael Spence and Joseph Stiglitz were awarded3 the Nobel Prize in Economics “for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information.” …

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Footnotes
1
“Scientific method,” Wikipedia, last modified July 22, 2021, https://​en.​wikipedia.​org/​wiki/​Scientific_​method.
 
2
Akerlof (1970).
 
4
Piketty (2020).
 
5
Open Data’s Impact, https://​odimpact.​org/​.
 
6
Leigh Dodds, “What is data asymmetry?,” March 24, 2017, https://​blog.​ldodds.​com/​2017/​03/​24/​what-is-data-asymmetry/​.
 
7
Zuboff (2015).
 
8
Kirpalani and Philippon (2020).
 
9
Algorithmic Labor and Information Asymmetries: A Case Study of Uber’s Drivers, https://​papers.​ssrn.​com/​sol3/​papers.​cfm?​abstract_​id=​2686227
 
10
Srinivasan (2018).
 
11
High-Level Expert Group on Business-to-Government Data Sharing, “Towards a European strategy on business-to-government data sharing for the public interest,” https://​www.​euractiv.​com/​wp-content/​uploads/​sites/​2/​2020/​02/​B2GDataSharingEx​pertGroupReport-1.​pdf.
 
13
Schwartz et al. (2020).
 
14
Julia Angwin, Jeff Larson, Surya Mattu and Lauren Kirchner, “Machine Bias,” ProPublica, May 23, 2016, https://​www.​propublica.​org/​article/​machine-bias-risk-assessments-in-criminal-sentencing.
 
15
Andrew Lee Park, “Injustice Ex Machina: Predictive Algorithms in Criminal Sentencing,” UCLA Law Review, February 19, 2019, https://​www.​uclalawreview.​org/​injustice-ex-machina-predictive-algorithms-in-criminal-sentencing/​.
 
16
Buolamwini and Gebru (2018).
 
17
Joan Palmiter Bajorek, “Voice Recognition Still Has Significant Race and Gender Biases,” Harvard Business Review, May 10, 2019, https://​hbr.​org/​2019/​05/​voice-recognition-still-has-significant-race-and-gender-biases; William Crumpler, “The Problem of Bias in Facial Recognition,” Center for Strategic and International Studies, May 1, 2020, https://​www.​csis.​org/​blogs/​technology-policy-blog/​problem-bias-facial-recognition
 
18
Flynn and Valverde (2019).
 
19
Juliet McMurren and Stefaan Verhulst, “Data to Go: The Value of Data Portability as a Means to Data Liquidity,” October 26, 2020, https://​medium.​com/​data-stewards-network/​data-to-go-the-value-of-data-portability-as-a-means-to-data-liquidity-682bb39368e0.
 
21
Stefaan Verhulst, Andrew Zahuranec, Andrew Young and Michelle Winowatan, “Wanted: Data Stewards: (Re-)Defining The Roles and Responsibilities of Data Stewards for an Age of Data Collaboration,” March 2, 2020, https://​medium.​com/​data-stewards-network/​wanted-data-stewards-re-defining-the-roles-and-responsibilities​-of-data-stewards-for-an-age-of-274c2d5f033a.
 
22
Stefaan Verhulst, “Information Asymmetries, Blockchain Technologies, and Social Change,” July 24, 2018, https://​sverhulst.​medium.​com/​information-asymmetries-blockchain-technologies-and-social-change-148459b5ab1a.
 
23
Digital Trust for Places and Routines, https://​dtpr.​helpfulplaces.​com/​.
 
Literature
go back to reference Schwartz R, Dodge J, Smith NA, Etzioni O (2020) Green AI. Commun ACM 63:54–63CrossRef Schwartz R, Dodge J, Smith NA, Etzioni O (2020) Green AI. Commun ACM 63:54–63CrossRef
Metadata
Title
The ethical imperative to identify and address data and intelligence asymmetries
Author
Stefaan G. Verhulst
Publication date
19-03-2022
Publisher
Springer London
Published in
AI & SOCIETY / Issue 1/2024
Print ISSN: 0951-5666
Electronic ISSN: 1435-5655
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01410-5

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