Top

Published in:

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

10. The GCC, Iraq, and Iran: Perception of Threats Before and After the Crisis

Author : Shaikha Majed Al-Moslemani

Published in: The 2017 Gulf Crisis

Publisher: Springer Singapore

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states have long perceived Iran and Iraq as major threats to their stability and security. Especially in the late 1970s, but also since the 1990s, the behavior of these two countries has led to a breach of trust which caused concern across the region and compelled the Gulf States to deepen an existing alliance with the United States (an extra-regional power) in order to obtain protection. Iraq was the primary aggressor in two regional wars: it began by attacking Iran in 1980, and then invaded Kuwait in 1990. However, Iraq came to be regarded as a primary source of danger only belatedly, since the region had hitherto been preoccupied with the threat posed by the revolutionary Iranian state.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

previous chapter Popular Sentiments and Elite Threat Perception in the Gulf: Iran in the Public Discourse in Saudi Arabia

next chapter The Qatar–Iran–Turkey Nexus: Shifts in Political Alliances and Economic Diversification in the Gulf Crisis

Al-Dulaimi, S. A. S., Kamal, M., & Elsayed, D. M. (2017). The impact of Sectarian Conflict in Syria on Iran-Gulf relations. Asian Social Science, 13(7), 92–101.

Al-Jazeera Centre. (2012). Blocking the Strait of Hormuz: Options for GCC Countries (2012). Al-Jazeera Centre for Studies.

Al-Kaabi, Y. H., & Al-Kaabi, K. M. (2011). The Iranian century: The tension between Iran and the Gulf States. Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California.

Al-Nahyan, S. (2014). The three islands: Managing protracted conflicts in the Gulf. Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi Tourism and Culture Authority.

Al-Tamimi, N. (2017). The Gulf crisis and its repercussions on the future of the GCC. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://studies.aljazeera.net.

Askari, H. (2013). Conflicts in the Persian Gulf: Origins and evolution. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef

Ateş, S. (2015). The Ottoman-Iranian borderlands: Making a boundary, 1843–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Belfer, M. A. (2014). Iranian claims to Bahrain: From rhetoric to interference. RIPS. Revista de Investigaciones Políticas y Sociológicas, 13(2), 31–51.

Butler, W. (2011). Saudi Arabian intervention in Bahrain driven by visceral Sunni fear of Shias. The Guardian. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.theguardian.com.

Clayton, B. C. (2015). Market madness: A century of oil panics, crises, and crashes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cordesman, A. H. (1994). Iran and Iraq: The threat from the northern Gulf. Boulder, CO: Westview.

Cote, R. (2017). Iran and Saudi Arabia’s proxy in Yemen. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.belfercenter.org/.

Dolgove, B. (2015). Yemeni Crisis: Border geographical Implications. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.strategic-culture.org/.

Ehteshami, A., & Zweiri, M. (2011). Iran’s Foreign Policy: From Khatami to Ahmadinejad. England: Garnet Publishing Ltd.

Ersoy, E. (2013). Saudi Arabia and Iran in the New Middle East. Middle Eastern Analysis/Ortadogu Analiz, 5(51), 47–54.

Fisher, M. (2016). The cold war between Saudi Arabia and Iran that’s tearing apart the Middle East, explained. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.vox.com.

Foley, S. (1999). The UAE: Political issues and security dilemmas. Middle East, 3(1), 25–45.

Gengler, J. (2016). How Bahrain’s crushed uprising spawned the Middle East’s Sectarianism. Washington Post. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.washingtonpost.com.

Gerges, F. (2016). The New Middle East: Protest, revolution and chaos in the Arab World. Beirut, Lebanon: Center for Arab Unity Studies.

Hamad Bin Jassim. (2017 October, 25). Interview with Sheikh Hamad Bin Jassim at “Al-Hakeeka “program. [Video file]. Retrieved April 07, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwc3Snl_aTg.

Hassan, H. A. (1999). The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait: Religion, identity, and otherness in the analysis of war and conflict. London: Pluto Press.

Ivanhoe. (2012). Tales from the east: Return of ivanhoe/toilet jinni un-flushed. Dog Ear Publishing, Llc.

Jalinusi, A., & Arayee, V. B. (2007). The three islands (Abu Musa, the Greater & Lesser Tunb Islands) integral parts of Iran. The Iranian Journal of International Affairs, 19(4), 1–23.

Janssen, S. (2018). The world almanac and book of facts 2018. New York, NY: World Almanac Books.

Johnson, K. (2016). Iran’s hollow threats to close the Strait of Hormuz. Foreign Policy. Retrieved April 07, 2020, from https://foreignpolicy.com/.

Kamrava, M. (2017). Contemporary Port Cities in the Persian Gulf: Port Cities in the Persian Gulf. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Keynoush, B. (2016). Saudi Arabia and Iran: Friends or foes? New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef

Kinninmont, J. (2012). Bahrain: Beyond the impasse. London: Chatham House/Royal Institute of International Affairs.

Kosh, O (2013). The Iranian regime and the Syrian crisis. Al Jazeera. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.aljazeera.net.

Mabro, R. (1994). The impact of the Gulf crisis on world oil and OPEC. International Journal, 49(2), 241–252.CrossRef

Mansour, I. (2016). Can China be a pillar of GCC security? China and the challenges in greater Middle East. Copenhagen: Danish Institute for International Studies.

Mishal, S., & Goldberg, O. (2015). Understanding Shiite leadership: The art of the middle ground in Iran and Lebanon. New York, NY: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Muĝtahidzāda, P. (1999). Security and territoriality in the Persian Gulf: A maritime political geography (1st ed.). London: Routledge Curzon.

Musallem, M. (1995). Why Saddam Hussain invaded Kuwait. Theoretical Endeavor. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Al-Saqi.

Nasur, N. M. (2016). The United States and the security of the Arab Gulf States. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 6(11), 108–117.

Neubauer, S. (2015). Chaos in Yemen: Implications for its future and the region. Washington: The Arab Gulf State Institute (in Washington).

New York Times. (1992). Iran Asserts Claims to 3 Disputed Islands in Gulf (1992). NY Times. Retrieved April 07, 2020, from https://www.nytimes.com.

Pardew, J. W. (1991). The Iraqi army’s defeat in Kuwait. Parameters, 21(4), 17.

Popp, R. (2015). War in Yemen: Revolution and Saudi Intervention. Zurich: Centre for Security Studies.

Reuters. (2012). UAE says sanctions hurting trade with Iran. Reuters, 4 June 2012. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.reuters.com.

Schmitz, C. (2017). Yemen’s importance to Saudi Arabia. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.thecipherbrief.com.

Tehran Times. (1998). Iran, Saudi Arabia establish joint commission. Tehran Times. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.tehrantimes.com.

Walsh, D. (2017). Qatar restores full relations with Iran, deepening Gulf Feud. NY Times. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.nytimes.com.

Wintour, P. (2017). UAE announces new Saudi alliance that could reshape Gulf relations. The Guardianship. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.theguardian.com/.

Zweiri, M. (2013). Shia Dilemma and the third Arab Awakening. Academia.edu. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.academia.edu.

Zweiri, M. (2016). Iran and Saudi Arabia in the field of Syrian war. Al-Watan. Retrieved April 09, 2020, from https://www.al-watan.com.

Title: The GCC, Iraq, and Iran: Perception of Threats Before and After the Crisis
Author: Shaikha Majed Al-Moslemani
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Book: The 2017 Gulf Crisis
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-8734-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-15-8735-1

Copyright Year: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8735-1_10