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Researching Climate Change and Socio-ecological Systems’ Vulnerability in the Coastal Areas of Tanzania: Some Theoretical Perspectives Read chapter Read first chapter

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

The Human Rights Dimensions of Conservation and Climate Change Initiatives in Coastal Tanzania: Examples of Villagers’ Successful Struggles for Their Rights

Authors : Betsy A. Beymer-Farris, Ian Bryceson, Chris Maina Peter

Published in: Climate Change and Coastal Resources in Tanzania

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Abuse of human rights in conservation initiatives, such as REDD+, wildlife conservation, etc., has raised concern in many project reviews. Few studies have, however, examined the human rights dimensions of conservation and climate change. In this chapter the authors address this gap by showing how outsiders, with the assistance of the state, attempted to control areas historically governed by local residents in the name of conservation and climate change policy initiatives in the Mafia Island and Rufiji Delta, Southern Tanzania. The interventions were implemented with the old-fashioned premise that the villagers were destructive and extravagant resource users. The authors also try to illustrate how the international linkages to worldwide conservation narratives and to development aid by rich countries promoting climate measures in poor countries to try to absolve their carbon emissions revealed the ways in which such vested interests attempted “to misuse their money, power, and influence.”

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previous chapter Coastal Communities’ Perceptions on Climate Change Impacts and Implications for Adaptation Strategies in Mtwara, Southern Tanzania
next chapter Climate Change and Socio-ecological Systems’ Vulnerability in the Coastal Areas of Tanzania: A Synthesis
Footnotes
1
A primary school teacher at Jibondo Island in the Mafia Island Marine Park
 
2
The army also conducted violent actions against other villagers, and CHRAGG also conducted inquiries in Kilindoni and Kiegeani (Kilindoni is the small town in Mafia Island outside of MIMP, and Kiegeani village is within MIMP).
 
3
See the Report of the Commission on Human Rights and Good Governance, 2012, at page 3.
 
4
Chief Secretary in the President’s Office, the Private Secretary to the President, the Chairperson of Jibondo Village, the Village Executive Officer of Jibondo Village, the Minister of Livestock and Fisheries Development, the Director of Fisheries, the DC of Mafia Island, and the Warden in Charge of MIMP, and the Norwegian Embassy in Tanzania
 
5
Mr. Kalango (the District Executive Secretary), Mr. Kahundi (Acting District Executive Director), Mr. Upunda (Head of the Prisons for Mafia District), Mr. Chambe (Head of Police for Mafia District), Mr. Hemedi (Acting Bureau Chief and District Chief of the Army, Militia and Security), Mr. Kugopya (District Fisheries Officer), and all senior officials from MIMP (Mr. Msumi, Mr. Melele, Mr. Mahala, and Ms. Msumange)
 
6
Chris Maina Peter is also a member of the UN International Law Commission (ILC), a legal body elected by the UN General Assembly. Maina Peter previously served as a member of the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of the Racial Discrimination (CERD), one of the treaty bodies under the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.
 
7
The Constitution has to be read together with Human Rights and Good Governance Act, 2001 (Act No. 7 of 2001) which details the working of the Commission.
 
8
These complaints were made during the public hearing in the villages of Kilindoni, Jibondo, and Kiegeni between February 14 and 16, 2012. See the Report of the Commission on Human Rights and Good Governance, 2012 at pages 4 to 14.
 
9
Beymer-Farris received her PhD from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the Department of Geography.
 
10
The panel was titled “Biodiversity, Livelihoods, and Conservation: Emerging Trends, Challenges, and Responses” with influential panelists from the policy and academic arena including top officials from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Tom Dillon, a key representative from USAID, a representative from the Department of State, Alan Thornhill, as well as representatives from the National Science Foundation (NSF).
 
11
One of these meetings was held at Nyamisati Village in the Rufiji Delta (also referred to as Salale Ward) on 23rd of June, 2013.
 
12
A sample of these highly controversial and disputed contracts is reproduced in Commission for Human Rights and Good Governance, Report on Public Inquiry on the Land Dispute in Salale Ward in Rufiji, Coast Region, 2013, page 17.
 
13
Public hearing is one of the mandates of the Commission under the Human Rights and Good Governance Act, 2001 (Act No. 7 of 2001) to establish if there has been human rights violations in a situation following complaints by the citizens.
 
14
Some produced original receipts of Poll Tax they had paid from around 1930 indicating longevity of having lived in this area and thus making the whole question of licensing them to use the same land ridiculous.
 
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Metadata
Title
The Human Rights Dimensions of Conservation and Climate Change Initiatives in Coastal Tanzania: Examples of Villagers’ Successful Struggles for Their Rights
Authors
Betsy A. Beymer-Farris
Ian Bryceson
Chris Maina Peter
Copyright Year
2019
Book
Climate Change and Coastal Resources in Tanzania

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-04896-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-04897-6

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04897-6_9