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2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

23. The Study of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings Using Infrasound

Authors : Pieter Smets, Jelle Assink, Läslo Evers

Published in: Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Infrasound has a long history of monitoring sudden stratospheric warmings. Several pioneering studies have focused on the various effects of a major warming on the propagation of infrasound. A clear transition has been made from observing anomalous signatures towards the use of these signals to study anomalies in upper atmospheric conditions. Typically, the infrasonic signature of a major warming corresponds to summer-like infrasound characteristics observed in midwinter. More subtile changes occur during a minor warming, recognisable by the presence of a bidirectional stratospheric duct or propagation through a warm stratosphere leading to small shadow zones. A combined analysis of all signal characteristics unravels the general stratospheric structure throughout the life cycle of the warming. A new methodology to evaluate the state of the atmosphere as represented by various weather and climate models is demonstrated. A case study comparing regional volcano infrasound with simulations using various forecast steps indicates significant differences in stratospheric forecast skill, associated with a data assimilation issue during the warming.

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Examples of infrared sounder instruments are Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and Crosstrack Infrared Sounder (CrIS).

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Whole atmosphere conditions of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) obtained by a combination of various atmospheric products from NOAA and NASA, vertically extended by empirical modelling of the upper atmosphere using HWM/MSIS (Picone et al. 2002; Drob et al. 2015).

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Title: The Study of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings Using Infrasound
Authors: Pieter Smets
Jelle Assink
Läslo Evers
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-75138-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-75140-5

Copyright Year: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75140-5_23

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