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Environmental Management
Published in: Environmental Management 1/2018

25-10-2017

Toxicological Assessment and UV/TiO2-Based Induced Degradation Profile of Reactive Black 5 Dye

Authors: Muhammad Bilal, Tahir Rasheed, Hafiz M. N. Iqbal, Hongbo Hu, Wei Wang, Xuehong Zhang

Published in: Environmental Management | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

In this study, the toxicological and degradation profile of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye was evaluated using a UV/TiO2-based degradation system. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thin layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) techniques were used to evaluate the degradation level of RB5. The UV-Vis spectral analysis revealed the disappearance of peak intensity at 599 nm (λmax). The FT-IR spectrum of UV/TiO2 treated dye sample manifest appearance of new peaks mainly because of the degraded product and/or disappearance of some characteristics peaks which were present in the untreated spectrum. The HPLC profile verified the RB5 degradation subject to the formation of metabolites at different retention times. A stable color removal higher than 96% with COD removal in the range of 74–82.3% was noted at all evaluated dye concentrations. The tentative degradation pathway of RB5 is proposed following a careful analysis of the intermediates identified by UPLC-MS. Toxicity profile of untreated and degraded dye samples was monitored using three types of human cell lines via MTT assay and acute toxicity testing with Artemia salina. In conclusion, the UV/TiO2-based degradation system could be effectively employed for the remediation of textile wastewater comprising a high concentration of reactive dyes.
previous article Analysis of the Governance Structures in Japan’s Biosphere Reserves: Perspectives from Bottom–Up and Multilevel Characteristics

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Metadata
Title
Toxicological Assessment and UV/TiO2-Based Induced Degradation Profile of Reactive Black 5 Dye
Authors
Muhammad Bilal
Tahir Rasheed
Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
Hongbo Hu
Wei Wang
Xuehong Zhang
Publication date
25-10-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Environmental Management / Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 0364-152X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1009
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-017-0948-7

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