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The Policy Context Read chapter Read first chapter

2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

2. Transportation Emissions: Some Basics

Authors : Christos A. Kontovas, Harilaos N. Psaraftis

Published in: Green Transportation Logistics

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Transportation is the backbone of international trade and a key engine driving globalization. However, there is growing concern that the Earth’s atmospheric composition is being altered by human activities, including transportation, which can lead to climate change. Air pollution from transportation and especially carbon dioxide emissions are at the center stage of discussion by the world community through various international treaties, such as the Kyoto Protocol. The transportation sector also emits non-CO2 pollutants that have important effects on air quality, climate, and public health. The main purpose of this chapter is to introduce some basic concepts that are relevant in the quest of green transportation logistics. First, we present the basics of estimating emissions from transportation activities, the current statistics and future trends, as well as the total impact of air emissions and its contribution to climate change. In addition, this chapter presents the basics of environmental policy measures. In that context, we describe a way to measure the cost-effectiveness of various measures through the so-called Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC). Finally, the chapter deals with the topic of the energy efficiency gap and examines why governments and companies may forego cost-effective investments in energy efficiency, even though they could significantly reduce energy consumption at a lower cost.

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Footnotes
1
Carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2 eq) provide a standard of measurement against which the impacts of releasing (or avoiding the release of) different greenhouse gases can be evaluated. According to IPCC (2007) every greenhouse gas (GHG) has a Global Warming Potential (GWP), a measurement of the impact that particular gas has on ‘radiative forcing’; that is, the additional heat/energy which is retained in the Earth’s ecosystem through the addition of this gas to the atmosphere.
 
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Metadata
Title
Transportation Emissions: Some Basics
Authors
Christos A. Kontovas
Harilaos N. Psaraftis
Copyright Year
2016
Book
Green Transportation Logistics

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17174-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-17175-3

Copyright Year: 2016

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17175-3_2