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2014 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Urban Space (Erosion of)

Author : Johannes Fiedler

Published in: Urbanisation, unlimited

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

With car mobility still the inherent logic of city development, urban space tends to be hostile territory. Strategies of specialisation abound, creating safe havens on one side and functional corridors on the other. As industries move out of the cities and other economic activities easily mingle with residential use, car traffic turns out to be the only remaining incompatible use in cities.

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Footnotes
1
Kees Christiaanse, in his speech The Open City and its Enemies for the International Architecture Biennale held in Amsterdam in 2009, claimed that the appropriate pattern for the open society is the mesh, not the tree. He did this by referring to Christopher Alexander: The City is not a Tree (1965).
 
2
Alexander (1965) makes a comparison between a tree structure and what he calls the semilattice (mesh): “A tree based on 20 elements can contain at most 19 further subsets of the 20, while a semilattice based on the same 20 elements can contain more than 1,000,000 different subsets.”
 
3
Jacobs (1961): “If a city’s streets look interesting, the city looks interesting. If a city’s streets look dull, the city looks dull.”
 
4
Fiedler (2013).
 
5
Lerup (2000), in his epic homage to the city of Houston, says about the psychological function of commuting: “Yet the ride heals, soothes, and eases the jump cuts between home and work, between nature and culture, between byway and freeway, between his and hers”.
 
6
In 2008, the Brookings Institution described a plateau in miles travelled by private cars in the USA. In the UK, there is a debate on whether peak car has already been reached or whether driving will resume as the economy recovers from the 2008 crisis. In Vienna, the portion of car use in the modal share, representing the traffic modes of trips within the city, has declined from 37 to 27 % within 10 years. In 2012, walking surpassed driving as the most frequent mode.
 
7
Enrique Peñalosa, a former mayor of Bogotá said: “An advanced city is not a place where the poor move about in cars, rather it’s where even the rich use public transportation.”
 
8
See Lars Lerup’s definition in the foreword.
 
Literature
Alexander C (1965) The city is not a tree; republished in: Ockman J (ed) (1993) Architecture culture 1943–1968: a documentary anthology. Columbia Books of Architecture and Rizzoli, New York
Fiedler J (2013) Haus und Straße [House and street]. In: Stiftung W (ed) Herausforderung Erdgeschoss: Wechselwirkungen zwischen öffentlichen und privaten Räumen. Jovis Verlag, Berlin
Jacobs J (1961) The death and life of great American cities. Random House, New York. Re-edited 1993
Lerup L (2000) After the city. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA
Metadata
Title
Urban Space (Erosion of)
Author
Johannes Fiedler
Copyright Year
2014
Book
Urbanisation, unlimited

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-03586-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-03587-1

Copyright Year: 2014

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03587-1_12