Use of Adipogenic Stem Cells in Treatment of Oronasal Fistulas in Dogs

Application of stromal cells in dentistry opens wide possibilities for the use of cell technologies in maxillofacial surgery, periodontology, and implantology. Tooth decay, alveolar periodontitis, parodontopathies, fractures of jaw bones and dental crowns are common in dogs and lead to oronasal and oroantral fistulas in neglected cases. Adipose tissue stem cells (ATSCs) have recently been of special interest to biologists and physicians. ATSCs are able to differentiate into bone, cartilaginous, adipose, muscle, nerve tissue cells, and into vessel wall cells (endothelial cells and satellite cells). The study subjects were dogs belonging to Kazan city inhabitants. During the clinical study, oronasal fistulas in the upper alveolar ridge area were diagnosed in all animals. We performed operations on guided tissue regeneration in the oroantral fistula area with the single- step fine tissue sculpting. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in combination with titanium nickelide granules (Nitigran) were used as osteoinductive material. The complex of osteoconductive materials and allogeneic MSCs mesenchymal stem cells, introduced into the fistular canal, not only provides complete elimination of fenestration between the nasal and the oral cavities, but also stimulates full osteanaphysis.