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Published in: Journal of Business Ethics 1/2018

05-04-2016

What Lobbying Ethics and What for? The Case of French Lobbying Consulting Firms

Authors: Madina Rival, Richard Major

Published in: Journal of Business Ethics | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Conversely to the United States, lobbying consulting in France is a relatively recent activity and is perceived negatively by a majority of the population. Influencing public decision-making is certainly a sensitive occupation at both managerial and societal levels. This is why ethics applied to business can play a central role while establishing the practice of lobbying in France. This paper examines the issues and the practices of ethics in lobbying consulting. The field for this exploratory study is a lobbying consultancy firm based in France. Our research is developed through a 3-month participant observation and complemented with secondary data on the lobbying profession in France. The results of this research are developed along two lines: (1) The practice of ethics in lobbying consultancy firms reveals its limits as well as a framework worth developing. The players and the represented client topics are potential dangers for ethical lobbying firms. This intervention research has nevertheless allowed us to observe the emergence of an effective regulation approach: the ethics of exemplarity as potentially illustrated by a representative actor of the French lobbying consulting profession. (2) The stakes of ethics are both internal and external to lobbying consulting professionals in France. Internally, ethics act as a structuring element enabling this profession to establish itself with practices and deontological codes; externally, it clarifies the relationship between lobbying consultants and their major stakeholders including customers, government, and the civil society.

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Appendix
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Footnotes
2
One traditionally distinguishes the great technical bodies, mainly recruited through École Polytechnique (Bridges, Roads, and Geography engineers), the great administrative bodies, mainly coming from ENA, Ecole Nationale d’Administration, the School of National Administration (State Counsel, State Finance and Accounting, etc.).
 
3
Quoted in a previous article of one of the authors.
 
4
Rousseau J.J., 1762, Du Contrat Social, Book II, Chapter 3, p. 95. Bordas, Paris, 1985.
 
5
“Organic” and “ordinary” laws of March 11th 1988 relative to the financing of political life; law of January 15th 1990 relative to the limitation of election expenses and to the clarification of financing of political activities; law of January 29th 1993 relative to the prevention of corruption and to the transparency of economic life and public procedures; law of January 19th 1995 relative to the financing of political life.
 
7
Access to information; Register and information published by lobbyists; Control, verification and sanctions; Legislative footprint; Employment restrictions; Codes of conduct for public policymakers; Codes of conduct for lobbyists; Self-regulation by lobbyists; Consultation and participation in decision-making; Composition of advisory committees/expert groups.
 
8
Woodstock Theology Center at Georgetown University.
 
10
French National Computing and Liberties Commission.
 
11
http://​www.​assemblee-nationale.​fr/​representants-interets/​ Article26, paragraph III-B of the Bureau’s General Instruction adopted July 2nd 2009 and amended February 24th 2010.
 
12
French notation agency expert in the assessment of companies and organizations with regard to their practices and performance on environmental, social, and governance issues.
 
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Metadata
Title
What Lobbying Ethics and What for? The Case of French Lobbying Consulting Firms
Authors
Madina Rival
Richard Major
Publication date
05-04-2016
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Journal of Business Ethics / Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 0167-4544
Electronic ISSN: 1573-0697
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3141-7

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