Top

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment

Published in:

21-11-2018 | Original Paper

A field study on the application of distributed temperature sensing technology in thermal response tests for borehole heat exchangers

Authors: Dingfeng Cao, Bin Shi, Hong-Hu Zhu, Guangqing Wei, Hainar Bektursen, Mengya Sun

Published in: Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment | Issue 6/2019

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Although the enhanced thermal response test (ETRT) method has been used to determine the distribution of ground temperatures and effective thermal conductivities, there are a number of obstacles which limit the wide application of this technology in the discipline of geoengineering. In this literature, four aspects of ETRT technology were investigated: (a) acquisition of ground temperature, (b) installation of the heat exchange tubes, (c) optimization of the monitoring positions, and (d) the difference in thermal conductivity obtained by the ETRT and numerical simulation. To investigate these issues, a field trial was carried out in Heze, Shandong Province, China, and the corresponding numerical models were built. The results demonstrate that: (i) the conventional methods that infer undisturbed ground temperature using water in tubes have large errors, whereas the distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technique enables the measurement of precise temperature profiles; (ii) the thermal conductivity measured using double U-tubes reflects the soil thermal property more accurately than that for a single U-tube; (iii) it is more reasonable to install optical fibers outside the U-tube sidewall than inside the observation tube; and (iv) it is essential to quantitatively consider various interface thermal impedance when estimating ground thermal conductivities using numerical simulation.

previous article Surface weathering characteristics and degree of Niche of Sakyamuni Entering Nirvana at Dazu Rock Carvings, China

next article Tsunami boulders and their implications on the potential for a mega-earthquake along the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Acuña J (2010) Improvements of U-pipe borehole heat exchangers. Doctoral dissertation, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm, Sweden

Acuña J, Palm B (2013) Distributed thermal response tests on pipe-in-pipe borehole heat exchangers. Appl Energy 109:312–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.024 CrossRef

Austin WA III (1998) Development of an in situ system for measuring ground thermal properties. Master’s dissertation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma

Bandos TV, Campos-Celador Á, López-González LM, Sala-Lizarraga JM (2016) Finite cylinder-source model for energy pile heat exchangers: effect of buried depth and heat load cyclic variations. Appl Therm Eng 96:130–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.11.073 CrossRef

Belzile P, Lamarche L, Rousse DR (2016) Semi-analytical model for geothermal borefields with independent inlet conditions. Geothermics 60:144–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.12.008 CrossRef

Biglarian H, Abbaspour M, Saidi MH (2017) A numerical model for transient simulation of borehole heat exchangers. Renew Energy 104:224–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.12.010 CrossRef

Borinaga-Treviño R, Pascual-Muñoz P, Castro-Fresno D, Blanco-Fernandez E (2013) Borehole thermal response and thermal resistance of four different grouting materials measured with a TRT. Appl Therm Eng 53(1):13–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.12.036 CrossRef

Chang KS, Kim MJ (2016) Thermal performance evaluation of vertical U-loop ground heat exchanger using in-situ thermal response test. Renew Energy 87:585–591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.10.059 CrossRef

Coleman TI, Parker BL, Maldaner CH, Mondanos MJ (2015) Groundwater flow characterization in a fractured bedrock aquifer using active DTS tests in sealed boreholes. J Hydrol 528:449–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.06.061 CrossRef

Dai LH, Shang Y, Li XL, Li SF (2016) Analysis on the transient heat transfer process inside and outside the borehole for a vertical U-tube ground heat exchanger under short-term heat storage. Renew Energy 87:1121–1129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.08.034 CrossRef

Dehkordi SE, Olofsson B, Schincariol RA (2015a) Effect of groundwater flow in vertical and horizontal fractures on borehole heat exchanger temperatures. Bull Eng Geol Environ 74(2):479–491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-014-0626-4 CrossRef

Dehkordi SE, Schincariol RA, Reitsma S (2015b) Thermal performance of a tight borehole heat exchanger. Renew Energy 83:698–704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.04.051 CrossRef

Fujii H, Itoi R, Fujii J, Uchida Y (2005) Optimizing the design of large-scale ground-coupled heat pump systems using groundwater and heat transport modeling. Geothermics 34(3):347–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2005.04.001 CrossRef

Fujii H, Okubo H, Nishi K, Itoi R, Ohyama K, Shibata K (2009a) An improved thermal response test for U-tube ground heat exchanger based on optical fiber thermometers. Geothermics 38(4):399–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2009.06.002 CrossRef

Fujii H, Okubo H, Chono M, Sasada M, Takasugi S, Tateno M (2009b) Application of optical fiber thermometers in thermal response tests for detailed geological descriptions. In: Proceedings of Effstock 2009 11th international conference on thermal energy storage for efficiency and sustainability, Stockholm, Sweden, June 2009

Gehlin S, Nordell B (2003) Determining undisturbed ground temperature for thermal response test. ASHRAE Trans 109:151–156

Grattan KTV, Sun T (2000) Fiber optic sensor technology: an overview. Sens Actuators A Phys 82(1–3):40–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-4247(99)00368-4 CrossRef

Guo M, Diao N, Man Y, Fang Z (2016) Research and development of the hybrid ground-coupled heat pump technology in China. Renew Energy 87:1033–1044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.08.021 CrossRef

Homuth S, Hamm K, Sass I (2013) BHE logging and cement hydration heat analyses for the determination of thermo-physical parameters. Bull Eng Geol Environ 72(1):93–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-012-0455-2 CrossRef

Hwang S, Ooka R, Nam Y (2010) Evaluation of estimation method of ground properties for the ground source heat pump system. Renew Energy 35(9):2123–2130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2010.01.028 CrossRef

Jha MK, Verma AK, Maheshwar S, Chauhan A (2016) Study of temperature effect on thermal conductivity of Jhiri shale from upper Vindhyan, India. Bull Eng Geol Environ 75(4):1657–1668. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-015-0829-3 CrossRef

Lee CK (2016) A modified three-dimensional numerical model for predicting the short-time-step performance of borehole ground heat exchangers. Renew Energy 87:618–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.10.052 CrossRef

Lee C, Kim R, Lee JS, Lee W (2013a) Quantitative assessment of temperature effect on cone resistance. Bull Eng Geol Environ 72:3–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-012-0454-3 CrossRef

Lee C, Park M, Park S, Won J, Choi H (2013b) Back-analyses of in-situ thermal response test (TRT) for evaluating ground thermal conductivity. Int J Energy Res 37(11):1397–1404. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.2929 CrossRef

Lhendup T, Aye L, Fuller RJ (2014) In-situ measurement of borehole thermal properties in Melbourne. Appl Therm Eng 73(1):287–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.07.058 CrossRef

Liebel HT, Huber K, Frengstad BS, Ramstad RK, Brattli B (2012a) Thermal response testing of a fractured hard rock aquifer with and without induced groundwater flow. Bull Eng Geol Environ 71(3):435–445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-012-0422-y CrossRef

Liebel HT, Stølen MS, Frengstad BS, Ramstad RK, Brattli B (2012b) Insights into the reliability of different thermal conductivity measurement techniques: a thermo-geological study in Mære (Norway). Bull Eng Geol Environ 71(2):235–243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-011-0394-3 CrossRef

Lim K, Lee S, Lee C (2007) An experimental study on the thermal performance of ground heat exchanger. Experimental Therm Fluid Sci 31(8):985–990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2006.10.011 CrossRef

Liuzzo-Scorpo A, Nordell B, Gehlin S (2015) Influence of regional groundwater flow on ground temperature around heat extraction boreholes. Geothermics 56:119–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.04.002 CrossRef

Luo J, Rohn J, Xiang W, Bayer M, Priess A, Wilkmann L, Steger H, Zorn R (2015) Experimental investigation of a borehole field by enhanced geothermal response test and numerical analysis of performance of the borehole heat exchangers. Energy 84:473–484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.013 CrossRef

Luo J, Rohn J, Xiang W, Bertermann D, Blum P (2016) A review of ground investigations for ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems. Energy Build 117:160–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.02.038 CrossRef

Miyara A (2015) Thermal performance and pressure drop of spiral-tube ground heat exchangers for ground-source heat pump. Appl Therm Eng 90:630–637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.07.035 CrossRef

Nguyen A, Pasquier P, Marcotte D (2017) Borehole thermal energy storage systems under the influence of groundwater flow and time-varying surface temperature. Geothermics 66:110–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.11.002 CrossRef

Nusier O, Abu-Hamdeh N (2003) Laboratory techniques to evaluate thermal conductivity for some soils. Heat Mass Transf 39(2):119–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-002-0295-x CrossRef

Oppelt T, Riehl I, Gross U (2010) Modelling of the borehole filling of double U-pipe heat exchangers. Geothermics 39(3):270–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2010.06.001 CrossRef

Platts AB, Cameron DA, Ward J (2015) Improving the performance of ground coupled heat exchangers in unsaturated soils. Energy Build 104:323–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.04.050 CrossRef

Poulsen SE, Alberdi-Pagola M (2015) Interpretation of ongoing thermal response tests of vertical (BHE) borehole heat exchangers with predictive uncertainty based stopping criterion. Energy 88:157–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.03.133 CrossRef

Priarone A, Fossa M (2015) Modelling the ground volume for numerically generating single borehole heat exchanger response factors according to the cylindrical source approach. Geothermics 58:32–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.07.001 CrossRef

Radioti G, Delvoie S, Charlier R, Dumont G, Nguyen F (2016) Heterogeneous bedrock investigation for a closed-loop geothermal system: a case study. Geothermics 62:79–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.03.001 CrossRef

Ramstad RK, Hilmo BO, Brattli B, Skarphagen H (2007) Ground source energy in crystalline bedrock-increased energy extraction using hydraulic fracturing in boreholes. Bull Eng Geol Environ 66(4):493–503. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-007-0100-7 CrossRef

Ramstad RK, Midttømme K, Liebel HT, Frengstad BS, Willemoes-Wissing B (2015) Thermal conductivity map of the Oslo region based on thermal diffusivity measurements of rock core samples. Bull Eng Geol Environ 74(4):1275–1286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-014-0701-x CrossRef

Rees SJ (2015) An extended two-dimensional borehole heat exchanger model for simulation of short and medium timescale thermal response. Renew Energy 83:518–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.05.004 CrossRef

Sandler S, Zajaczkowski B, Bialko B, Malecha ZM (2017) Evaluation of the impact of the thermal shunt effect on the U-pipe ground borehole heat exchanger performance. Geothermics 65:244–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.10.003 CrossRef

Shim BO, Song Y, Fujii H, Okubo H (2009) Interpretation of thermal response tests using the fiber optic distributed temperature sensing method. In: Proceedings of Effstock 2009 11th international conference on thermal energy storage for efficiency and sustainability, Stockholm, Sweden, June 2009

Soriano G, Espinoza T, Villanueva R, Gonzalez I, Montero A, Cornejo M, Lopez K (2017) Thermal geological model of the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Geothermics 66:101–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.11.003 CrossRef

Sourbeer JJ, Loheide SP (2016) Obstacles to long-term soil moisture monitoring with heated distributed temperature sensing. Hydrol Process 30:1017–1035. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10615 CrossRef

Spitler JD, Gehlin SE (2015) Thermal response testing for ground source heat pump systems—an historical review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 50:1125–1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.05.061 CrossRef

Tang Y, Zhou J, Zhang M, Liu Y (2015) Research on the thermal conductivity and moisture migration characteristics of Shanghai mucky clay. I: experimental modeling. Bull Eng Geol Environ 74(2):577–593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-014-0651-3 CrossRef

Tordrup KW, Poulsen SE, Bjørn H (2017) An improved method for upscaling borehole thermal energy storage using inverse finite element modelling. Renew Energy 105:13–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.12.011 CrossRef

Tyler SW, Selker JS, Hausner MB, Hatch CE, Torgersen T, Thodal CE, Schladow SG (2009) Environmental temperature sensing using Raman spectra DTS fiber-optic methods. Water Resour Res 45(4):1010–1029. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007052 CrossRef

Wagner V, Blum P, Kübert M, Bayer P (2013) Analytical approach to groundwater-influenced thermal response tests of grouted borehole heat exchangers. Geothermics 46:22–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2012.10.005 CrossRef

Wang Z, Wang F, Ma Z, Wang X, Wu X (2016) Research of heat and moisture transfer influence on the characteristics of the ground heat pump exchangers in unsaturated soil. Energy Build 130:140–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.08.043 CrossRef

Wołoszyn J, Gołaś A (2016) Experimental verification and programming development of a new MDF borehole heat exchanger numerical model. Geothermics 59:67–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.10.006 CrossRef

You T, Shi W, Wang B, Wang H, Li X (2017) A fast distributed parameter model of ground heat exchanger based on response factor. Build Simul 10:183–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-016-0316-1 CrossRef

Yu X, Zhang Y, Deng N, Ma H, Dong S (2016) Thermal response test for ground source heat pump based on constant temperature and heat-flux methods. Appl Therm Eng 93:678–682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.007 CrossRef

Zhang C, Guo Z, Liu Y, Cong X, Peng D (2014) A review on thermal response test of ground-coupled heat pump systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 40:851–867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.08.018 CrossRef

Zhang W, Yang H, Diao N, Lu L, Fang Z (2016) Exploration on the reverse calculation method of groundwater velocity by means of the moving line heat source. Int J Therm Sci 99:52–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.08.001 CrossRef

Title: A field study on the application of distributed temperature sensing technology in thermal response tests for borehole heat exchangers
Authors: Dingfeng Cao
Bin Shi
Hong-Hu Zhu
Guangqing Wei
Hainar Bektursen
Mengya Sun
Publication date: 21-11-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment / Issue 6/2019
Print ISSN: 1435-9529
Electronic ISSN: 1435-9537
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-018-1407-2

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 6/2019

Landslide assessment and susceptibility zonation in Ebantu district of Oromia region, western Ethiopia

An investigation of the general relationships between abrasion resistance of aggregates and rock aggregate properties

Comparative characteristics of cement materials in natural and artificial beachrocks using a petrographic method

Derivation of space-resolved normal joint spacing and in situ block size distribution data from terrestrial LIDAR point clouds in a rugged Alpine relief (Kühtai, Austria)

Distinctive controls on the distribution of river-damming and non-damming landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

Subsurface fracture distribution and its correlation with the shape and thickness of the Lac du Bonnet batholith