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2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

8. Atomic Force Microscopy for Microbial Cell Surfaces

Authors : Muhammad Raza Shah, Muhammad Ateeq

Published in: Micro and Nanomanufacturing Volume II

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Binnig et al. invented atomic force microscope (AFM) in 1986. It is a scanning tool for nanostructure investigations. It is now considered to be one of the landmarks of modern sciences, for citations of the first article increase more than 13,500 times [1]. The AFM has come up as a new addition to macroscopic and microscopic techniques since it has benefits in sample preparation and the ability of high-resolution imaging in both liquid and air environment if compared to standard light microscopy techniques. This sophisticated instrument has successfully been used in all branches of science like material science [2], food science [3], nanofabrication [4], and microbiology, for nearly two decades after its invention [5]. The microbiology field has been revolutionized by AFM. It has enriched the realm of sample preparation and microbial surface analysis in particular during the last two decades [6].

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Title: Atomic Force Microscopy for Microbial Cell Surfaces
Authors: Muhammad Raza Shah
Muhammad Ateeq
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Book: Micro and Nanomanufacturing Volume II
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-67130-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-67132-1

Copyright Year: 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67132-1_8