Top

Small Business Economics

Published in:

12-08-2019

Born global and well educated: start-up survival through fuzzy set analysis

Authors: Nicola Del Sarto, Alberto Di Minin, Giulio Ferrigno, Andrea Piccaluga

Published in: Small Business Economics | Issue 4/2021

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Although start-ups’ survival has been widely investigated, only few studies have focussed on the impact of the combined effect of firms’ internal resources. Drawing upon the resource-based view (RBV), we selected four internal resources influencing start-ups’ survival (R&D activity, advertising activity, export activity, and human capital) and we applied the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to examine which interactions among the said internal resources affect start-ups’ survival. We used a unique dataset of 38 start-ups accelerated in Italy in 2013. Our findings suggest that, among the various combinations of internal resources considered, the interaction between export activity and human capital is the only one that affects start-ups’ survival. On one hand, the interaction between these two resources amplifies the effect of the learning by exporting on start-ups’ survival. On the other hand, export activity provides the knowledge necessary to exploit the potential of qualified human capital.

previous article Spinoffs and tie formation in cluster knowledge networks

next article Skills combinations and firm performance

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Available only for authorised users

We are aware that, according to the literature, another goal of accelerator programs is to increase the growth of start-ups.

Following previous studies (Mas-Verdù et al. 2015; Geroski et al. 2010), we used only data from 2013 and we analyzed survival after 5 years

Agarwal, R., & Audretsch, D. B. (2001). Does entry size matter? The impact of the life cycle and technology on firm survival. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 49(1), 21–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6451.00136.CrossRef

Albornoz, F., Fanelli, S., & Hallak, J. C. (2016). Survival in export markets. Journal of International Economics, 102, 262–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2016.05.003.CrossRef

Albort-Morant, G., & Oghazi, P. (2016). How useful are incubators for new entrepreneurs? Journal of Business Research, 69(6), 2125–2129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.12.019.CrossRef

Ashmos, D. P., & Huber, G. P. (1987). The systems paradigm in organization theory: Correcting the record and suggesting the future. Academy of Management Review, 12(4), 607–621. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1987.4306710.CrossRef

Audretsch, D. B. (1991). New-firm survival and the technological regime. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 37, 441–450. https://doi.org/10.2307/2109568.CrossRef

Audretsch, D. B., Segarra, A., & Teruel, M. (2014). Why don’t all young firms invest in R&D? Small Business Economics, 43(4), 751–766. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-014-9561-9.CrossRef

Aversa, P., Furnari, S., & Haefliger, S. (2015). Business model configurations and performance: A qualitative comparative analysis in Formula One racing, 2005–2013. Industrial and Corporate Change, 24(3), 655–676. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtv012.CrossRef

Baptista, R., Karaöz, M., & Mendonça, J. (2014). The impact of human capital on the early success of necessity versus opportunity-based entrepreneurs. Small Business Economics, 42(4), 831–847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-013-9502-z.CrossRef

Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108.CrossRef

Baumgartner, M. (2015). Parsimony and causality. Quality & Quantity, 49(2), 839–856. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-014-0026-7.CrossRef

Baumgartner, M., & Thiem, A. (2017a). Model ambiguities in configurational comparative research. Sociological Methods & Research, 46(4), 954–987. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124115610351.CrossRef

Baumgartner, M. & Thiem, A. (2017b). Often trusted but never (properly) tested: Evaluating qualitative comparative analysis. Sociological Methods & Research 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124117701487.

Belso-Martinez, J. A., Molina-Morales, F. X., & Mas-Verdu, F. (2013). Combining effects of internal resources, entrepreneur characteristics and KIS on new firms. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 2079–2089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.034.CrossRef

Bernard, A. B., Eaton, J., Jensen, J. B., & Kortum, S. (2003). Plants and productivity in international trade. American Economic Review, 93(4), 1268–1290. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282803769206296.CrossRef

Block, J. H., Colombo, M. G., Cumming, D. J., & Vismara, S. (2018). New players in entrepreneurial finance and why they are there. Small Business Economics, 50(2), 239–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9826-6.CrossRef

Boyer, T., & Blazy, R. (2014). Born to be alive? The survival of innovative and non-innovative French micro-start-ups. Small Business Economics, 42(4), 669–683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-013-9522-8.CrossRef

Bridges, S., & Guariglia, A. (2008). Financial constraints, global engagement, and firm survival in the United Kingdom: Evidence from micro data. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 55(4), 444–464. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.2008.00461.x.CrossRef

Burton, M. D., & Beckman, C. M. (2007). Leaving a legacy: Position imprints and successor turnover in young firms. American Sociological Review, 72(2), 239–266. https://doi.org/10.1177/000312240707200206.CrossRef

Cabrer-Borrás, B., & Belda, P. R. (2018). Survival of entrepreneurship in Spain. Small Business Economics, 51(1), 265–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9923-1.CrossRef

Cavusgil, S. T., & Knight, G. (2015). The born global firm: An entrepreneurial and capabilities perspective on early and rapid internationalization. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2014.62.CrossRef

Cefis, E., & Marsili, O. (2005). A matter of life and death: Innovation and firm survival. Industrial and Corporate Change, 14(6), 1167–1192. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dth081.CrossRef

Clarysse, B., & Yusubova, A. (2014). Success factors of business accelerators. In Technology Business Incubation Mechanisms and Sustainable Regional Development, Proceedings.

Cohen, S., & Hochberg, Y. V. (2014). Accelerating start-ups: The seed accelerator phenomenon. Available at SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2418000.

Cohen, W., & Levinthal, D. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 128–152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393553.CrossRef

Coleman, S., Cotei, C., & Farhat, J. (2013). A resource-based view of new firm survival: New perspectives on the role of industry and exit route. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 18(1), 1350002. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946713500027.CrossRef

Colombelli, A., Krafft, J., & Vivarelli, M. (2016). To be born is not enough: The key role of innovative start-ups. Small Business Economics, 47(2), 277–291. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9716-y.CrossRef

Colombo, M. G., & Delmastro, M. (2001). Technology-based entrepreneurs: Does internet make a difference? Small Business Economics, 16(3), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011127205758.CrossRef

Cooper, A. C., Gimeno-Gascon, F. J., & Woo, C. Y. (1994). Initial human and financial capital as predictors of new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 9(5), 371–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(94)90013-2.CrossRef

Cowling, M., Liu, W., Ledger, A., & Zhang, N. (2015). What really happens to small and medium-sized enterprises in a global economic recession? UK evidence on sales and job dynamics. International Small Business Journal, 33(5), 488–513. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242613512513.CrossRef

Criscuolo, P., Nicolaou, N., & Salter, A. (2012). The elixir (or burden) of youth? Exploring differences in innovation between start-ups and established firms. Research Policy, 41(2), 319–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.12.001.CrossRef

Czarnitzki, D., & Toole, A. A. (2013). The R&D investment–uncertainty relationship: Do strategic rivalry and firm size matter? Managerial and Decision Economics, 34(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.2570.CrossRef

Davidsson, P., & Honig, B. (2003). The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(3), 301–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(02)00097-6.CrossRef

Denrell, J., Fang, C., & Winter, S. G. (2003). The economics of strategic opportunity. Strategic Management Journal, 24(10), 977–990. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.341.CrossRef

Devece, C., Peris-Ortiz, M., & Rueda-Armengot, C. (2016). Entrepreneurship during economic crisis: Success factors and paths to failure. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 5366–5370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.139.CrossRef

Dierickx, I., & Cool, K. (1989). Asset stock accumulation and sustainability of competitive advantage. Management Science, 35(12), 1504–1511. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.12.1504.CrossRef

Dutta, S., Narasimhan, O., & Rajiv, S. (1999). Success in hightechnology markets: Is marketing capability critical? Marketing Science, 18(4), 547–568. https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.18.4.547.CrossRef

Ebert, T., Brenner, T., & Brixy, U. (2019). New firm survival: The interdependence between regional externalities and innovativeness. Small Business Economics, 53(1), 287–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0026-4.CrossRef

Eklund, J., Levratto, N., & Ramello, G. B. (2018). Entrepreneurship and failure: Two sides of the same coin? Small Business Economics, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0039-z.

Eliasson, K., Hansson, P., & Lindvert, M. (2012). Do firms learn by exporting or learn to export? Evidence from small and medium-sized enterprises. Small Business Economics, 39(2), 453–472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-010-9314-3.CrossRef

Esteve-Pérez, S., & Mañez-Castillejo, J. A. (2008). The resource-based theory of the firm and firm survival. Small Business Economics, 30(3), 231–249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-006-9011-4.CrossRef

Esteve-Pérez, S., Llopis, A. S., & Llopis, J. A. S. (2004). The determinants of survival of Spanish manufacturing firms. Review of Industrial Organization, 25(3), 251–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11151-004-1972-3.CrossRef

Esteve-Pérez, S., Mañez-Castillejo, J. A., & Sanchis-Llopis, J. A. (2008). Does a “survival-by-exporting” effect for SMEs exist? Empirica, 35(1), 81–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10663-007-9052-1.CrossRef

Fiss, P. C. (2011). Building better causal theories: A fuzzy set approach to typologies in organization research. Academy of Management Journal, 54(2), 393–420. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.60263120.CrossRef

Fiss, P. C., Sharapov, D., & Cronqvist, L. (2013). Opposites attract? Opportunities and challenges for integrating large-N QCA and econometric analysis. Political Research Quarterly, 66(1), 191–198. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.2006.70.1.3.CrossRef

Galbreath, J. (2005). Which resources matter the most to firm success? An exploratory study of resource-based theory. Technovation, 25(9), 979–987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.02.008.CrossRef

Ganotakis, P. (2012). Founders’ human capital and the performance of UK new technology based firms. Small Business Economics, 39(2), 495–515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-010-9309-0.CrossRef

Gartner, W. B., Frid, C. J., & Alexander, J. C. (2012). Financing the emerging firm. Small Business Economics, 39(3), 745–761. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-011-9359-y.CrossRef

GEM (2017), Global report 2016/2017 http://gemconsortium.org/report/49812/Accessed 1 May 2017.

Geroski, P. A. (1995). What do we know about entry? International Journal of Industrial Organization, 13(4), 421–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7187(95)00498-X.CrossRef

Geroski, P. A., Mata, J., & Portugal, P. (2010). Founding conditions and the survival of new firms. Strategic Management Journal, 31(5), 510–529. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.823.CrossRef

Greenaway, D., & Kneller, R. (2007). Industry differences in the effect of export market entry: Learning by exporting? Review of World Economics, 143(3), 416–432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-007-0115-y.CrossRef

Gresov, C., & Drazin, R. (1997). Equifinality: Functional equivalence in organization design. Academy of Management Review, 22(2), 403–428. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1997.9707154064.CrossRef

Grossman, G. M., & Helpman, E. (1991). Trade, knowledge spillovers, and growth. European Economic Review, 35(2–3), 517–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(91)90153-A.CrossRef

Grossman, G. M., & Helpman, E. (1993). Innovation and growth in the global economy. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Gruber, M., MacMillan, I. C., & Thompson, J. D. (2008). Look before you leap: Market opportunity identification in emerging technology firms. Management Science, 54(9), 1652–1665. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1080.0877.CrossRef

Hall, B. (1987). The relationship between firm size and firm growth in the US manufacturing sector. Journal of Industrial Economics, 35, 583–606.CrossRef

Highfield, R., & Smiley, R. (1987). New business starts and economic activity: An empirical investigation. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 5(1), 51–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7187(87)90006-3.CrossRef

Hot Topics (2015). https://www.hottopics.ht/17202/100-leaders-of-top-tech-accelerators/ Accessed 1 May 2017.

Hult, G. T. M., & Ketchen, D. J. (2001). Does market orientation matter? A test of the relationship between positional advantage and performance. Strategic Management Journal, 22(9), 899–906. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.197.CrossRef

Jindal, N., & McAlister, L. (2015). The impacts of advertising assets and R&D assets on reducing bankruptcy risk. Marketing Science, 34(4), 555–572. https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2015.0913.CrossRef

Kan, A. K. S., Adegbite, E., El Omari, S., & Abdellatif, M. (2016). On the use of qualitative comparative analysis in management. Journal of Business Research, 69(4), 1458–1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.125.CrossRef

Klette, T. J. (1996). R&D, scope economies, and plant performance. The Rand Journal of Economics, 27, 502–522. https://doi.org/10.2307/2555841.CrossRef

Kotha, R., George, G., & Srikanth, K. (2013). Bridging the mutual knowledge gap: Coordination and the commercialization of university science. Academy of Management Journal, 56(2), 498–524. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0948.CrossRef

Kraus, S., Ribeiro-Soriano, D., & Schüssler, M. (2018). Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) in entrepreneurship and innovation research–the rise of a method. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 14(1), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-017-0461-8.CrossRef

Lee, S. Y., Florida, R., & Acs, Z. (2004). Creativity and entrepreneurship: A regional analysis of new firm formation. Regional Studies, 38(8), 879–891. https://doi.org/10.1080/0034340042000280910.CrossRef

Lin, P. C., & Huang, D. S. (2008). Technological regimes and firm survival: Evidence across sectors and over time. Small Business Economics, 30(2), 175–186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-006-9026-x.CrossRef

Mas-Verdú, F., Ribeiro-Soriano, D., & Roig-Tierno, N. (2015). Firm survival: The role of incubators and business characteristics. Journal of Business Research, 68(4), 793–796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.11.030.CrossRef

Mata, J., & Portugal, P. (2002). The survival of new domestic and foreign-owned firms. Strategic Management Journal, 23(4), 323–343. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.217.CrossRef

Mian, S., Lamine, W., & Fayolle, A. (2016). Technology business incubation: An overview of the state of knowledge. Technovation, 50, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2016.02.005.CrossRef

Mudambi, R., & Zahra, S. A. (2007). The survival of international new ventures. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(2), 333–352. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400264.CrossRef

Newbert, S. L. (2007). Empirical research on the resource-based view of the firm: An assessment and suggestions for future research. Strategic Management Journal, 28(2), 121–146. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.573.CrossRef

Pauwels, C., Clarysse, B., Wright, M., & Van Hove, J. (2016). Understanding a new generation incubation model: The accelerator. Technovation, 50, 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2015.09.003.CrossRef

Pennings, J. M., Lee, K., & Van Witteloostuijn, A. (1998). Human capital, social capital, and firm dissolution. Academy of Management Journal, 41(4), 425–440. https://doi.org/10.2307/257082.CrossRef

Picken, J. C. (2017). From startup to scalable enterprise: Laying the foundation. Business Horizons, 60(5), 587–595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2017.05.002.CrossRef

Ragin, C. (1987). The comparative method: Moving beyond qualitative and quantitative methods. Berkeley: University of California.

Ragin, C. (2000). Fuzzy-Set Social Science. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Ragin, C. C. (2006). How to lure analytic social science out of the doldrums: Some lessons from comparative research. International Sociology, 21(5), 633–646. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580906067834.CrossRef

Ragin, C. C. (2008). Redesigning social inquiry: Fuzzy sets and beyond. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226702797.001.0001.CrossRef

Ragin, C. C., & Sonnett, J. (2005). Between complexity and parsimony: Limited diversity, counterfactual cases, and comparative analysis. In Vergleichen in der Politikwissenschaft (pp. 180-197). VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80441-9_9.

Ribeiro-Soriano, D., & Urbano, D. (2010). Employee-organization relationship in collective entrepreneurship: An overview. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 23(4), 349–359 https://doi.org/10.1108/09534811011055368.

Roberts, K. (2003). What strategic investments should you make during a recession to gain competitive advantage in the recovery? Strategy & Leadership, 31(4), 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1108/10878570310483960.CrossRef

Salomon, R. M., & Shaver, J. M. (2005). Learning by exporting: New insights from examining firm innovation. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 14(2), 431–460. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9134.2005.00047.x.CrossRef

Sarasvathy, S. D., Menon, A. R., & Kuechle, G. (2013). Failing firms and successful entrepreneurs: Serial entrepreneurship as a temporal portfolio. Small Business Economics, 40(2), 417–434 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-011-9412-x.

Schäfer, D., & Talavera, O. (2009). Small business survival and inheritance: Evidence from Germany. Small Business Economics, 32(1), 95–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-007-9069-7.CrossRef

Schneider, C. Q., & Wagemann, C. (2010). Standards of good practice in qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and fuzzy-sets. Comparative Sociology, 9(3), 397–418. https://doi.org/10.1163/156913210X12493538729793.CrossRef

Schneider, C. Q., & Wagemann, C. (2012). Set-theoretic methods for the social sciences: A guide to qualitative comparative analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139004244.CrossRef

Schwartz, M. (2013). A control group study of incubators’ impact to promote firm survival. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 38(3), 302–331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-012-9254-y.CrossRef

Semrau, T., & Hopp, C. (2016). Complementary or compensatory? A contingency perspective on how entrepreneurs’ human and social capital interact in shaping start-up progress. Small Business Economics, 46(3), 407–423.CrossRef

Sharma, A., & Kesner, I. F. (1996). Diversifying entry: Some ex ante explanations for postentry survival and growth. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 635–677. https://doi.org/10.5465/256658.CrossRef

Smilor, R. W. (1997). Entrepreneurship: Reflections on a subversive activity. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(5), 341–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00008-6.CrossRef

Sperber, S., & Linder, C. (2018). Gender-specifics in start-up strategies and the role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Small Business Economics, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-9999-2.

Strotmann, H. (2007). Entrepreneurial survival. Small Business Economics, 28(1), 87–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-8859-z.CrossRef

Sui, S., & Baum, M. (2014). Internationalization strategy, firm resources and the survival of SMEs in the export market. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(7), 821–841. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2014.11.CrossRef

Tavassoli, S., & Carbonara, N. (2014). The role of knowledge variety and intensity for regional innovation. Small Business Economics, 43(2), 493–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-014-9547-7.CrossRef

Thornhill, S., & Amit, R. (2003). Learning about failure: Bankruptcy, firm age, and the resource-based view. Organization Science, 14(5), 497–509. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.14.5.497.16761.CrossRef

Ugur, M., Trushin, E., Solomon, E., & Guidi, F. (2016). R&D and productivity in OECD firms and industries: A hierarchical meta-regression analysis. Research Policy, 45(10), 2069–2086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2016.08.001.CrossRef

Van Praag, C. M. (2003). Business survival and success of young small business owners. Small Business Economics, 21(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024453200297.CrossRef

Vis, B. (2012). The comparative advantages of fsQCA and regression analysis for moderately large-N analyses. Sociological Methods & Research, 41(1), 168–198. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124112442142.CrossRef

Wagner, J. (2012). International trade and firm performance: a survey of empirical studies since 2006. Review of World Economics, 148(2), 235–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-011-0116-8.

Wagner, S., & Cockburn, I. (2010). Patents and the survival of Internet-related IPOs. Research Policy, 39(2), 214–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2009.12.003.CrossRef

Weiblen, T., & Chesbrough, H. W. (2015). Engaging with startups to enhance corporate innovation. California Management Review, 57(2), 66–90. https://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2015.57.2.66.CrossRef

Wennberg, K., Wiklund, J., DeTienne, D. R., & Cardon, M. S. (2010). Reconceptualizing entrepreneurial exit: Divergent exit routes and their drivers. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(4), 361–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.01.001.CrossRef

Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050207.CrossRef

Westhead, P., Wright, M., & Ucbasaran, D. (2001). The internationalization of new and small firms: A resource-based view. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(4), 333–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00063-4.CrossRef

Woodside, A. G. (2013). Moving beyond multiple regression analysis to algorithms: Calling for adoption of a paradigm shift from symmetric to asymmetric thinking in data analysis and crafting theory. Journal of Business Research, 66(4), 463–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.12.021.CrossRef

Yang, C., Bossink, B., & Peverelli, P. (2017). High-tech start-up firm survival originating from a combined use of internal resources. Small Business Economics, 49(4), 799–824. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9858-6.CrossRef

Youndt, M. A., Snell, S. A., Dean, J. W., & Lepak, D. P. (1996). Human resource management, manufacturing strategy, and firm performance. Academy of Management Journal, 39(4), 836–866. https://doi.org/10.2307/256714.CrossRef

Zhang, D., Zheng, W., & Ning, L. (2018). Does innovation facilitate firm survival? Evidence from Chinese high-tech firms. Economic Modelling, 75, 458–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2018.07.030.CrossRef

Zott, C., & Huy, Q. N. (2007). How entrepreneurs use symbolic management to acquire resources. Administrative Science Quarterly, 52(1), 70–105. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.52.1.70.CrossRef

Title: Born global and well educated: start-up survival through fuzzy set analysis
Authors: Nicola Del Sarto
Alberto Di Minin
Giulio Ferrigno
Andrea Piccaluga
Publication date: 12-08-2019
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Small Business Economics / Issue 4/2021
Print ISSN: 0921-898X
Electronic ISSN: 1573-0913
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00238-6

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Other articles of this Issue 4/2021

Entrepreneurial ecosystems and social network centrality: the power of regional dealmakers

Spinoffs and tie formation in cluster knowledge networks

Do investors in SMEs herd? Evidence from French and UK equity markets

Succession in family-owned SMEs: the impact of advisors

Skills combinations and firm performance

Innovation and entrepreneurship in a context of poverty: a multilevel approach