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2013 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

11. Design, Fabrication, and Applications of DNA Nanomachines

Authors : Chen Song, Zhen-Gang Wang, Baoquan Ding

Published in: DNA Nanotechnology

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

In this chapter, we outline the shared principles of design and fabrication of DNA nanomachines that are established and newly developed. Various functional DNA nanomachines and their applications are also discussed.

The DNA structures that act as building blocks of DNA nanomachines are introduced briefly. The molecular recognition mechanisms and dynamical properties of these building blocks are described for the elucidation of the design principles of DNA nanomachines. According to the driving mechanisms, the DNA nanomachines are divided into two categories. One category is buffer-dependent DNA nanomachines, which are triggered by changes in the environment, such as metal ions, pH, and protons. The other category is DNA strands-fueled nanomachines, in which the moving forces are generated through the hybridization of carefully designed DNA strands. A variety of DNA-based nanomachines with different functions have been constructed, such as tweezers, rotors, and walkers. Generating highly sensitive and selective response to their fuels (or stimuli), DNA nanomachines can be functionalized for various applications. The buffer-dependent DNA nanomachines have been successfully used as sensors. The specificity of DNA nanomachines is utilized for template synthesis to organize chemicals into close proximity and to control the synthesis process precisely. The switchability of DNA nanomachines is employed for carrying small molecules, nucleic strands, proteins, or even metal nanoparticles. The motions of the DNA nanomachines can also be used to control the loading and release of the nanoscale objects, as well as to transport and assemble the cargos. The immobilized DNA machines on solid phase succeed in generating signal-triggered responsive surface. Finally, we highlight some challenges and prospective.

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Title: Design, Fabrication, and Applications of DNA Nanomachines
Authors: Chen Song
Zhen-Gang Wang
Baoquan Ding
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Book: DNA Nanotechnology
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-36076-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-36077-0

Copyright Year: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36077-0_11

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