Design, Simulation and Experimental Validation of Patch Antenna in S-Band Satellite Communication

In worldwide, almost geosynchronous satellites are using radio communication from broadband to narrowband which include broadcasting, positioning and telecommunication. At present, there are different types of satellite communications starting from UHF to Ka-band. Out of these satellite communications, S-band and C-band satellite communications are the suitable for high speed data, voice and video transmissions. For communicating with a satellite, a special antenna is required, and it should have some unique characteristics such as low VSWR, circular polarization, high gain, reasonable axial ratio and higher beam width. For satellite communication, micro-strip patch antenna is appropriate because it can be designed to use as a circular polarized antenna by modifying its shape and easily developing a 90° phase shift in the antenna. Square patch antenna has been taken and designed for S-band satellite communication. This antenna is designed for receiving purpose. After designing, the antenna is simulated in simulated software for the different values like gain, axial ratio, VSWR and 3 dB beam width. After simulation, the antenna is fabricated and measured for the same characteristics. Moreover, the simulated results are obtained using CST MW STUDIO 2015 software, and the antenna is fabricated using CNC machine. Apart from this, experimental results are obtained using network analyzer and anechoic chamber. VSWR measurement of antennas has been carried out using network analyzer. Gain and radiation patterns have been carried out using anechoic chamber. Validation of the antenna has been done based on the comparison of simulation and measurement results in S-band satellite communication.