Dielectric properties of (Ca,Sr)(Zr,Ti)O₃ ceramics sintered in a reducing atmosphere with Li-B-Si-Ca-Mn glass addition

It is critical to find an appropriate sintering aid to reduce the sintering temperature of the temperature compensated (Ca,Sr)(Zr,Ti)O₃ (CSZT) ceramics while manufacturing multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) with copper electrodes. The effects of the addition of lithium borosilicate glass on the microstructure and dielectric properties of \(({Ca}_{0.7}{Sr}_{0.3})({Zr}_{0.97}{Ti}_{0.03}){O}_{3}\) sintered in a reducing atmosphere have been reported. However, the relationships between the defect chemistry and the dielectric properties of Li-B-Si based glass added to CSZT ceramics have not been clarified. This study investigated the Li-B-Si-Ca-Mn (LBSCM) glass addition effects on the dielectric relaxation and AC impedance of sintered CSZT ceramics sintered in a reducing atmosphere based on the defect chemistry. It was observed that the dielectric relaxation peaks and AC impedance are intimately related to the defect associates \(V_o^{ \cdot \cdot } - Li^{\prime}_{zr}\). The CSZT ceramics added with LBSCM glass can be densified at temperatures below 1000 °C and have lower dielectric losses, making them a promising choice for use as a dielectric ceramic in copper electrodes MLCCs.