Top

Journal of Materials Science

Published in:

13-09-2017 | Metals

Dilatometric research on pearlite-to-austenite transformation of Fe–1C–1.44Cr low-alloy steel

Authors: Zhiqiang Li, Zhi Wen, Fuyong Su, Ruijie Zhang, Zhongtan Zhou

Published in: Journal of Materials Science | Issue 2/2018

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The pearlite-to-austenite transformation during isothermal and uniform heating processes of classic bearing steels was studied using a dilatometer. The relationship between ferrite, cementite, and austenite during the transformation was investigated in detail. To explain the experimental phenomenon more theoretically, pearlite-to-austenite transformation was simulated using the DICTRA module of the Thermo-Calc software package based on a simplified model. Experimental results validated the pearlite-to-austenite transformation mechanism of low-alloy steel previously proposed. The transformation is controlled by Cr diffusion and C diffusion below and above the partition-to-no-partition temperature, respectively.

previous article Ferroelectric electrocatalysts: a new class of materials for oxygen evolution reaction with synergistic effect of ferroelectric polarization

next article High B s Fe-based nanocrystalline alloy with high impurity tolerance

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

UHP EAF (EBT) + LF + VD: Ultra-high power electric furnace smelting (eccentric bottom tapping) + refined-smelting ladle furnace + vacuum degassing.

Hillert M (1962) The formation of pearlite. In: Zkay VF, Aaronson HI (eds) Decomposition of austenite by diffusional processes. Interscience, New York, pp 197–237

Lan YJ, Li DZ, Li YY (2004) Modeling austenite decomposition into ferrite at different cooling rate in low-carbon steel with cellular automation method. Acta Mater 52:1721–1729CrossRef

Pandit AS, Bhadeshia HKDH (2011) Mixed diffusion-controlled growth of pearlite in binary steel. Proc R Soc A 467:508–521CrossRef

Pandit AS, Bhadeshia HKDH (2011) Diffusion-controlled growth of pearlite in ternary steels. Proc R Soc A 467:2948–2961CrossRef

Bastian KB, Kenny S, Thomas LC, Cathrine F (2016) Composition-dependent variation of magnetic properties and interstitial ordering in homogeneous expanded austenite. Acta Mater 106:32–39CrossRef

Li ZX, Li CS, Zhang J, Li BZ, Pang XD (2016) Microstructure of hot rolled 1.0C–1.5Cr bearing steel and subsequent spheroidization annealing. Metall Mater Trans A 47:3607–3621CrossRef

Warke VS, Sisson RD, Makhlouf MM (2009) A model for converting dilatometric strain measurements to the fraction of phase formed during the transformation of austenite to martensite in powder metallurgy steels. Metall Mater Trans A 40:569–572CrossRef

Andrés CGD, Caballero FG, Capdevila C, Bhadeshia HKDH (1998) Modelling of kinetics and dilatometric behavior of non-isothermal pearlite-to-austenite transformation in an eutectoid steel. Scr Mater 39:791–796CrossRef

Martín DS, Rivera-Díaz-del-Castillo PEJ, García-de-Andrés C (2008) In situ study of austenite formation by dilatometry in a low carbon microalloyed steel. Scr Mater 58:926–929CrossRef

10.

Andrés CGD, Caballero FG, Capdevila C (1998) Dilatometric characterization of pearlite dissolution in 0.1C–0.5Mn low carbon low manganese steel. Scr Mater 38:1835–1842CrossRef

11.

Lee SJ, Clarke KD, Tyne CJV (2010) An on-heating dilation conversional model for austenite formation in hypoeutectoid steels. Metall Mater Trans A 41:2224–2235CrossRef

12.

Lee SJ, Clarke KD (2010) A conversional model for austenite formation in hypereutectoid steels. Metall Mater Trans A 41:3027–3031CrossRef

13.

Onink M, Brakrnan CM, Tichelaar FD, Mittemeijer EJ, Zwaag SVD (1993) The lattice parameters of austenite and ferrite in Fe–C alloys as functions of carbon concentration and temperature. Scr Metall Mater 29:1011–1016CrossRef

14.

Onink M, Tichelaar FD, Brakman CM, Mittemeijer EJ, Zwaag SVD (1996) Quantitative analysis of the dilatation by decomposition of Fe–C austenites: calculation of volume change upon transformation. Z Metall 87:24–32

15.

Li CM, Mittemeijer EJ, Sommer F (2000) Quantitative dilatometric analysis of the isothermal decomposition of Fe–C austenite. Z Metall 91:5–9

16.

Li CM, Sommer F, Mittemeijer EJ (2001) Quantitative dilatometric analysis of the isothermal decomposition of hypereutectoid Fe–C austenite. Z Metall 92:32–36

17.

Kop TA, Sietsma J, Zwaag SVD (2001) Dilatometric analysis of phase transformations in hypo-eutectoid steels. J Mater Sci 36:519–526. doi:10.1023/A:1004805402404 CrossRef

18.

Lee SJ, Clarke KD (2015) A quantitative investigation of cementite dissolution kinetics for continuous heating of hypereutectoid steel. Metall Mater Trans A 46:3917–3923CrossRef

19.

Miyamoto G, Usuki H, Li ZD, Furuhara T (2010) Effects of Mn, Si and Cr addition on reverse transformation at 1073 K from spheroidized cementite structure in Fe–0.6 mass% C alloy. Acta Mater 58:4492–4502CrossRef

20.

Karmazin L, Krejčí J (1994) The dependence of the austenitization kinetics on the type of initial spheroidized structure in low alloy steel. Mater Sci Eng A 185:L5–L7CrossRef

21.

Hillert M, Nilsson K, Törndahl LE (1971) Effect of alloying elements on the formation of austenite and dissolution of cementite. J Iron Steel Inst 209:49–66

22.

Yang ZN, Xia Y, Enomoto M, Zhang C, Yang ZG (2016) Effect of alloying element partition in pearlite on the growth of austenite in high-carbon low alloy steel. Metall Mater Trans A 47:1019–1027CrossRef

23.

Li P, Li J, Meng Q, Hua W, Xu D (2013) Effect of heating rate on ferrite recrystallization and austenite formation of cold-roll dual phase steel. J Alloys Compd 578:320–327CrossRef

24.

Vázquez-Gómez O, Barrera-Godínez JA, Vergara-Hernández HJ (2015) Kinetic study of austenite formation during continuous heating of unalloyed ductile iron. Int J Min Metall Mater 22:27–31CrossRef

25.

Oliveira FLG, Andrade MS, Cota AB (2007) Kinetics of austenite formation during continuous heating in a low carbon steel. Mater Charact 58:256–261CrossRef

26.

Liu G, Li J, Zhang S, Wang J, Meng Q (2016) Dilatometric study on the recrystallization and austenization behavior of cold-rolled steel with different heating rates. J Alloys Compd 666:309–316CrossRef

27.

Martín DS, Cock TD, Junceda AG, Caballero FG, Capdevila C, Andrés CGD (2008) Effect of heating rate on reaustenitisation of low carbon niobium microalloyed steel. Mater Sci Technol 24:266–272CrossRef

28.

Huang J, Poole WJ, Militzer M (2004) Austenite formation during intercritical annealing. Metall Mater Trans A 35:3363–3375CrossRef

29.

Chea JY, Jang JH, Zhang GH, Kim KH, Lee JS, Bhadeshia HKDH, Suh DW (2011) Dilatometric analysis of cementite dissolution in hypereutectoid steels containing Cr. Scr Mater 65:245–248CrossRef

30.

Caballero FG, Capdevila C, Andres CGD (2002) Modelling of kinetics and dilatometric behaviour of austenite formation in a low-carbon steel with a ferrite plus pearlite initial microstructure. J Mater Sci 37:3533–3540. doi:10.1023/A:1016579510723 CrossRef

31.

Shtansky DV, Nakai K, Ohmori Y (1999) Pearlite to austenite transformation in an Fe–2.6 Cr–1 C alloy. Acta Mater 47:2619–2632CrossRef

32.

Esin VA, Denand B, Bihan QL, Dehmas M, Teixeira J, Geandier G, Denis S, Sourmail T, Aeby-Gautier E (2014) In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and dilatometric study of austenite formation in a multi-component steel: influence of initial microstructure and heating rate. Acta Mater 80:118–131CrossRef

33.

Orlich J, Pietrzeniuk HJ (1976) Atlas zur Warmebehandlung der Stahle, 4, part 2. Verlag Stahleisen M.B.H, Dusseldorf

34.

Rodel J, Spies HJ (1996) Modelling of austenite formation during rapid heating. Surf Eng 12:313–318CrossRef

35.

Hillert M (2002) Critical limit for massive transformation. Metall Mater Trans A 33:2299–2308CrossRef

36.

Schmidt ED, Damm EB, Sridhar S (2007) A study of diffusion- and interface-controlled migration of the austenite/ferrite front during austenitization of a case-hardenable alloy steel. Metall Mater Trans A 38:244–260CrossRef

37.

Andersson JO, Helander T, Höglund L, Shi PF, Sundman B (2002) Thermo-calc and DICTRA, computational tools for materials science. Calphad 26:273–312CrossRef

38.

Schneider A, Inden G (2005) Simulation of the kinetics of precipitation reactions in ferritic steels. Acta Mater 53:519–531CrossRef

39.

Liu F, Sommer F, Bos C, Mittemeijer EJ (2007) Analysis of solid state phase transformation kinetics: models and recipes. Int Mater Rev 52:193–212CrossRef

40.

Liu YC, Wang DJ, Sommer F, Mittemeijer EJ (2008) Isothermal austenite–ferrite transformation of Fe–0.04 at.% C alloy: dilatometric measurement and kinetic analysis. Acta Mater 56:3833–3842CrossRef

41.

Xia Y, Enomoto M, Yang ZG, Li ZD, Zhang C (2013) Effects of alloying elements on the kinetics of austenitization from pearlite in Fe–C–M alloys. Phil Mag 93:1095–1109CrossRef

42.

Chance J, Ridley N (1981) Chromium partitioning during isothermal transformation of a eutectoid steel. Metall Trans A 12:1205–1213CrossRef

Title: Dilatometric research on pearlite-to-austenite transformation of Fe–1C–1.44Cr low-alloy steel
Authors: Zhiqiang Li
Zhi Wen
Fuyong Su
Ruijie Zhang
Zhongtan Zhou
Publication date: 13-09-2017
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Materials Science / Issue 2/2018
Print ISSN: 0022-2461
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1556-x

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 2/2018

Ferroelectric electrocatalysts: a new class of materials for oxygen evolution reaction with synergistic effect of ferroelectric polarization

Yolk-shell structured Cu2O as a high-performance cathode catalyst for the rechargeable Li-O2 batteries

Low-temperature, chemical vapor deposition of thin-layer pyrolytic carbon coatings derived from camphor as a green precursor

Annealing of silicon carbonitride nanostructured thin films: interdependency of hydrogen content, optical, and structural properties

Recent trends in graphene materials synthesized by CVD with various carbon precursors

Manganese oxides derived from Mn(II)-based metal–organic framework as supercapacitor electrode materials

Premium Partners