Top

Sexuality Research and Social Policy

Published in:

07-11-2021

Does Self-Concept Clarity Relate to Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Gay Men? The Mediating Effects of Sexual Orientation Concealment and Gay Community Connectedness

Authors: Fang Li, Jundong Liao, Xianlin Sun, Tianyuan Yang, Tiezhu Li, Yibo Wang, Yusheng Mei

Published in: Sexuality Research and Social Policy | Issue 4/2022

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Introduction

Surveys have shown that Chinese gay men have high levels of depressive symptoms. Self-concept clarity is a critical intrapersonal psychological factor affording the alleviation of depressive symptoms. The objective of this research is to investigate whether self-concept clarity is related to depressive symptoms in gay men within the Chinese context and explore the specific mediation mechanisms of sexual orientation concealment and gay community connectedness.

Methods

Data were collected online from 405 Chinese gay men in 2020. Participants were assessed with scales regarding self-concept clarity, sexual orientation concealment, gay community connectedness, and depressive symptoms.

Results

Self-concept clarity was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms in Chinese gay men. The relation between self-concept clarity and depressive symptoms was mediated by sexual orientation concealment, and sexual orientation concealment and gay community connectedness also played a sequential mediation effect between self-concept clarity and depressive symptoms.

Conclusion

The improvement of self-concept clarity may be one of the foremost concerns for the decrease in depressive symptoms among Chinese gay men. Self-concept clarity is related to reduced depressive symptoms through lower sexual orientation concealment and higher gay community connectedness.

Policy Implications

Policy makers should provide more support for organizations and institutions that focus on improving the mental health of Chinese gay men and encourage these organizations and institutions to popularize effective self-adjustment methods (such as improving self-concept clarity) that can help reduce depressive symptoms among gay men. In addition, policy makers should take measures to further enhance social tolerance of homosexuality and provide more gay communication platforms for Chinese gay men.

previous article Outness Profiles and Mental Health in Brazilian Lesbian Women: a Cluster Analysis

next article Sexuality-based Stigma and Inclusion Among Southern Protestant Religious Leaders

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Akcan, G., & Öztürk, E. (2020). The mediator role of self concept clarity on the relationship between the need for absolute truth, problem solving and symptoms of stress in gay men. Gay Erkeklerde Mutlak Gerçek İhtiyacı ile Problem Çözme ve Stres Belirtileri Arasındaki İlişkide Benlik Kavramının Netliğinin Aracılık Rolünün İncelenmesi. https://doi.org/10.13114/MJH.2020.514

Alessandri, G., De Longis, E., Golfieri, F., & Crocetti, E. (2021). Can self-concept clarity protect against a pandemic? A daily study on self-concept clarity and negative affect during the COVID-19 outbreak. Identity, 211, 6–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/15283488.2020.1846538

Arbuckle, J. L. (2016). IBM SPSS® AmosTM 24 user’s guide. Amos Development Corporation.

Argyriou, A., Goldsmith, K. A., & Rimes, K. A. (2021). Mediators of the disparities in depression between sexual minority and heterosexual individuals: A systematic review. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 50, 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01862-0CrossRef

Barnes, D. M., & Meyer, I. H. (2012). Religious affiliation, internalized homophobia, and mental health in lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 82(4), 505–515. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.2012.01185.xCrossRefPubMed

Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (1998). The ecology of developmental processes. In W. Damon & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development (pp. 993–1028). John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Butzer, B., & Kuiper, N. A. (2006). Relationships between the frequency of social comparisons and self-concept clarity, intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety, and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 411, 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.12.017CrossRef

Calvo, V., Maria, C., Natasha, M., & Marina, M. (2020). Perceived social support mediates the negative impact of insecure attachment orientations on internalized homophobia in gay men. Journal of Homosexuality, 3, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2020.1734378CrossRef

Campbell, J. D., Trapnell, P. D., Heine, S. J., Katz, I. M., Lavallee, L. F., & Lehman, D. R. (1996). Self-concept clarity: Measurement, personality correlates, and cultural boundaries. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 701, 141–156. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.1.141CrossRef

Chan, R. C., Operario, D., & Mak, W. W. (2020). Bisexual individuals are at greater risk of poor mental health than lesbians and gay men: The mediating role of sexual identity stress at multiple levels. Journal of Affective Disorders, 260, 292–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.020CrossRefPubMed

Cohen, J. M., Blasey, C., Taylor, C. B., Weiss, B. J., & Newman, M. G. (2016). Anxiety and related disorders and concealment in sexual minority young adults. Behavior Therapy, 471, 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2015.09.006CrossRef

Costa, P. A., & Shenkman, G. (2020). LGBTQ-parent families in non-Western contexts. In A. Goldberg & K. Allen (Eds.), LGBTQ-parent families: Innovations in research and implications for practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35610-1_20

Davidson, K., McLaren, S., Jenkins, M., Corboy, D., Gibbs, P. M., & Molloy, M. (2017). Internalized homonegativity, sense of belonging, and depressive symptoms among Australian gay men. Journal of Homosexuality, 644, 450–465. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2016.1190215CrossRef

Ding, C., Chen, X., Wang, W., Yu, B., Yang, H., Li, X., Deng, S., Yan, H., & Li, S. (2020). Sexual minority stigma, sexual orientation concealment, social support and depressive symptoms among men who have sex with men in China: A moderated mediation modeling analysis. AIDS and Behavior, 241, 8–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-019-02713-3CrossRef

Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149–1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149CrossRefPubMed

Feinstein, B. A., Davila, J., & Yoneda, A. (2012). Self-concept and self-stigma in lesbians and gay men. Psychology & Sexuality, 32, 161–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2011.592543CrossRef

Frost, D. M., & Meyer, I. H. (2012). Measuring community connectedness among diverse sexual minority populations. Journal of Sex Research, 491, 36–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2011.565427CrossRef

Fuller, C. M., Simmering, M. J., Atinc, G., Atinc, Y., & Babin, B. J. (2016). Common methods variance detection in business research. Journal of Business Research, 69(8), 3192–3198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.12.008CrossRef

Fullwood, C., James, B. M., & Chen-Wilson, C. H. (2016). Self-concept clarity and online self-presentation in adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 1912, 716–720. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0623CrossRef

Garr-Schultz, A., & Gardner, W. (2021). “It’s just a phase”: Identity denial experiences, self-concept clarity, and emotional well-being in bisexual individuals. Self and Identity, 204, 528–544. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2019.1625435CrossRef

Geng, J., Wang, Y., Wang, P., Zeng, P., & Lei, L. (2021). Gender differences between cyberbullying victimization and meaning in life: Roles of fatalism and self-concept clarity. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211028285CrossRefPubMed

Hatzenbuehler, M. L. (2009). How does sexual minority stigma “get under the skin”? A psychological mediation framework. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 707–730. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016441CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hayward, L. E., Vartanian, L. R., Kwok, C., & Newby, J. M. (2020). How might childhood adversity predict adult psychological distress? Applying the identity disruption model to understanding depression and anxiety disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders, 265, 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.036CrossRefPubMed

Heywood, W., & Lyons, A. (2016). HIV and elevated mental health problems: Diagnostic, treatment, and risk patterns for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in a national community-based cohort of gay men living with HIV. AIDS and Behavior, 20(8), 1632–1645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1324-yCrossRefPubMed

Hu, K., & Li, X. (2019). The effects of media use and traditional gender role beliefs on tolerance of homosexuality in China. Chinese Sociological Review, 51, 147–172. https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2019.159556CrossRef

Hu, X., Ying, W., & Wu, C. H. (2013). Acceptance concern and life satisfaction for Chinese LGBs: The mediating role of self-concealment. Social Indicators Research, 114, 687–701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0168-8

Huang, Y. T., Chan, R. C. H., & Cui, L (2020) Filial piety, internalized homonegativity, and depressive symptoms among Taiwanese gay and bisexual men: A mediation analysis. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 340–349. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000439

IBM Corp. (2016). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.

Jordan, K. M., & Deluty, R. H. (1998). Coming out for lesbian women: Its relation to anxiety, positive affectivity, self-esteem, and social support. Journal of Homosexuality, 35, 41–63. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v35n02_03CrossRefPubMed

Kaniuka, A., Pugh, K. C., Jordan, M., Brooks, B., Dodd, J., Mann, A. K., Williams, S. L., & Hirsch, J. K. (2019). Stigma and suicide risk among the LGBTQ population: Are anxiety and depression to blame and can connectedness to the LGBTQ community help? Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 23, 205–220. https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2018.1560385CrossRef

Kavanaugh, S. A., Taylor, A. B., Stuhlsatz, G. L., Neppl, T. K., & Lohman, B. J. (2020). Family and community support among sexual minorities of color: The role of sexual minority identity prominence and outness on psychological well-being. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 16, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/1550428X.2019.1593279

Kawamoto, T. (2020). The moderating role of attachment style on the relationship between self-concept clarity and self-esteem. Personality and Individual Differences, 152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109604

Kock, F., Berbekova, A., & Assaf, A. G. (2021). Understanding and managing the threat of common method bias: Detection, prevention and control. Tourism Management, 86(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104330

Kunzweiler, C. P., Bailey, R. C., Okall, D. O., Graham, S. M., Mehta, S. D., & Otieno, F. O. (2018). Depressive symptoms, alcohol and drug use, and physical and sexual abuse among men who have sex with men in Kisumu, Kenya: The Anza Mapema Study. AIDS and Behavior, 22, 1517–1529. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1941-0CrossRefPubMed

Kusec, A., Tallon, K., & Koerner, N. (2016). Intolerance of uncertainty, causal uncertainty, causal importance, self-concept clarity and their relations to generalized anxiety disorder. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 45, 307–323. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2016.1171391CrossRefPubMed

Kwon, P. (2013). Resilience in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 17, 371–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868313490248CrossRefPubMed

Lee, C., Oliffe, J. L., Kelly, M. T., & Ferlatte, O. (2017). Depression and suicidality in gay men: Implications for health care providers. American Journal of Men’s Health, 11, 910–919. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988316685492CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lee-Flynn, S. C., Pomaki, G., DeLongis, A., Biesanz, J. C., & Puterman, E. (2011). Daily cognitive appraisals, daily affect, and long-term depressive symptoms: The role of self-esteem and self-concept clarity in the stress process. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 255–268. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167210394204CrossRefPubMed

Li, F., Wang, Y., & Xing, J. (2021). Two sources of autonomy support and depressive symptoms among Chinese gay men: The sequential mediating effect of internalized homonegativity and rumination. Journal of Affective Disorders, 280, 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.003CrossRefPubMed

Lin, S., Liu, D., Liu, W., Hui, Q., Cortina, K. S., & You, X. (2018). Mediating effects of self-concept clarity on the relationship between passive social network sites use and subjective well-being. Current Psychology, 40, 1348–1355. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0066-6CrossRef

Lingiardi, V., Baiocco, R., & Nardeli, N. (2012). Measure of internalized sexual stigma for lesbians and gay men: A new scale. Journal of Homosexuality, 59, 1191–1210. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2012.712850CrossRefPubMed

Liu, F. (2020). Coming out in Chinese homosexual groups and its impact on mental health. Advance in Psychology, 10, 2001–2008. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2020.1012234

Liu, S., Qiang, W., Shen, A., & Chen, Y. (2017). Effects of expressive writing intervention on benefit finding, depression and sleep quality among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Chinese Nursing Management, 17, 1181–1185. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-1756.2017.09.007CrossRef

Lodi-Smith, J., & DeMarree, K. G. (Eds.). (2018). Self-concept clarity: Perspectives on assessment, research, and applications. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71547-6

Luk, T. T., Wang, M. P., Leung, L. T., Wu, Y., Chen, J., Lam, T. H., & Ho, S. Y. (2017). Associations of perceived interparental relationship, family harmony and family happiness with smoking intention in never-smoking Chinese children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study. British Medical Journal Open, 7(10), e017523. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017523CrossRef

Lyons, A., & Pepping, C. A. (2017). Prospective effects of social support on internalized homonegativity and sexual identity concealment among middle-aged and older gay men: A longitudinal cohort study. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 30, 585–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2017.1330465CrossRef

Mahon, C. P., Pachankis, J. E., Kiernan, G., & Gallagher, P. (2021). Risk and protective factors for social anxiety among sexual minority individuals. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 50, 1015–1032. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01845-1CrossRefPubMed

Major, B., & Gramzow, R. H. (1999). Abortion as stigma: Cognitive and emotional implications of concealment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 735–745. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.77.4.735CrossRefPubMed

McLaren, S., Gibbs, P. M., & Watts, E. (2013). The interrelations between age, sense of belonging, and depressive symptoms among Australian gay men and lesbians. Journal of Homosexuality, 60(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2013.735933CrossRefPubMed

Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 674–697. https://doi.org/10.1037/2329-0382.1.S.3CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Meyer, I. H., & Wilson, P. A. (2009). Sampling lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56, 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014587CrossRef

Moody, R. L., Starks, T. J., Grov, C., & Parsons, J. T. (2018). Internalized homophobia and drug use in a national cohort of gay and bisexual men: Examining depression, sexual anxiety, and gay community attachment as mediating factors. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47, 1133–1144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1009-2CrossRefPubMed

Moradi, B. (2009). Sexual orientation disclosure, concealment, harassment, and military cohesion: Perceptions of LGBT military veterans. Military Psychology, 21, 513–533. https://doi.org/10.1080/08995600903206453CrossRef

Morandini, J. S., Blaszczynski, A., Dar-Nimrod, I., & Ross, M. W. (2015). Minority stress and community connectedness among gay, lesbian and bisexual Australians: A comparison of rural and metropolitan localities. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 39, 260–266. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12364CrossRef

Noguti, V., & Bokeyar, A. L. (2014). Who am I? The relationship between self-concept uncertainty and materialism. International Journal of Psychology, 49, 323–333. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12031CrossRefPubMed

Orr, E. M., & Moscovitch, D. A. (2015). Blending in at the cost of losing oneself: Dishonest self-disclosure erodes self-concept clarity in social anxiety. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 6(3), 278–296. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.044914CrossRef

Pachankis, J. E., Mahon, C. P., Jackson, S. D., Fetzner, B. K., & Bränström, R. (2020). Sexual orientation concealment and mental health: A conceptual and meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 146, 831–871. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000271CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Pan, X., Li, R., Ma, Q., Wang, H., Jiang, T., He, L., Zeng, H., Wang, D., Ye, Z., Zhu, H., Zhao, D., & Xia, X. (2018). Sexual risk behaviour, sexual victimisation, substance use and other factors related to depression in men who have sex with men in Wenzhou, China: A cross-sectional study. British Medical Journal Open, 8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013512

Petruzzella, A., Feinstein, B. A., Davila, J., & Lavner, J. A. (2019). Moderators of the association between community connectedness and internalizing symptoms among gay men. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48, 1519–1528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1355-8CrossRefPubMed

Pierre, M. S., & Senn, C. Y. (2010). External barriers to help-seeking encountered by Canadian gay and lesbian victims of intimate partner abuse: An application of the barriers model. Violence and Victims, 25(4), 536–552. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.536CrossRef

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 5:879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879

Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306

Reyes, M. E. S., Alcantara, A. R. E., Reyes, A. C. C., Yulo, P. A. L., & Santos, C. I. P. (2016). Exploring the link between internalized stigma and self-concept clarity among Filipino transgenders. North American Journal of Psychology, 18, 335–344.

Ribeiro-Gonçalves, J. A., Costa, P. A., & Leal, I. (2019). Psychological distress in older Portuguese gay and bisexual men: The mediating role of LGBT community connectedness. International Journal of Sexual Health, 31, 407–413. https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2019.1670315CrossRef

Riggle, E. D. B., Rostosky, S. S., Black, W. W., & Rosenkrantz, D. E. (2017). Outness, concealment, and authenticity: Associations with LGB individuals’ psychological distress and well-being. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 4, 54–62. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000202CrossRef

Roberts, L. M., & Christens, B. D. (2020). Pathways to well‐being among LGBT adults: Sociopolitical involvement, family support, outness, and community connectedness with race/ethnicity as a moderator. American Journal of Community Psychology, 0, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12482

Schimmack, U., Radhakrishnan, P., Oishi, S., Dzokoto, V., & Ahadi, S. (2002). Culture, personality, and subjective well-being: Integrating process models of life satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(4), 582–593. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.4.582CrossRefPubMed

Schrimshaw, E. W., Siegel, K., Downing, M. J., & Parsons, J. T. (2013). Disclosure and concealment of sexual orientation and the mental health of non-gay-identified, behaviorally bisexual men. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81, 141–153. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031272

Shao, J., Chang, E. S., & Chen, C. (2018). The relative importance of parent–child dynamics and minority stress on the psychological adjustment of LGBs in China. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 65(5), 598–604. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000281CrossRefPubMed

Shen, X., Yang, Y. L., Wang, Y., Liu, L., Wang, S., & Wang, L. (2014). The association between occupational stress and depressive symptoms and the mediating role of psychological capital among Chinese university teachers: A cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 14(1), 329. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-014-0329-1CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Shenkman, G., Ifrah, K., & Shmotkin, D. (2020). Interpersonal vulnerability and its association with depressive symptoms among gay and heterosexual men. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 17, 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-019-00383-3CrossRef

Su, X., Zhou, A. N., Li, J., Shi, L. E., Huan, X., Yan, H., & Wei, C. (2018). Depression, loneliness, and sexual risk-taking among HIV-negative/unknown men who have sex with men in China. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47, 1959–1968. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1061-y

Suszek, H., Fronczyk, K., Kopera, M., Maliszewski, N., & Łyś, E. A. (2018). Psychometric properties of the polish version of the self-concept clarity scale (SCCS). Current Issues in Personality Psychology, 6, 181–187. https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2018.75842

Tajmirriyahi, M., & Ickes, W. (2020). Self-concept clarity as a predictor of self-disclosure in romantic relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37, 1873–1891. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520911131

Talley, A. E., & Littlefield, A. K. (2014). Pathways between concealable stigmatized identities and substance misuse. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 8, 569–582. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12117

Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2008). Adolescents’ identity experiments on the Internet: Consequences for social competence and self-concept unity. Communication Research, 35, 208–231. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650207313164

Van Dijk, M. P., Branje, S., Keijsers, L., Hawk, S. T., Hale, W. W., & Meeus, W. (2014). Self-concept clarity across adolescence: Longitudinal associations with open communication with parents and internalizing symptoms. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 43, 1861–1876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-013-0055-xCrossRefPubMed

Wang, Y., Lao, C. K., Wang, Q., & Zhou, G. (2021). The impact of sexual minority stigma on depression: The roles of resilience and family support. Sexuality Research and Social Policy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-021-00558-xCrossRef

Wei, W. (2020). The normalization project: The progress and limitations of promoting LGBTQ research and teaching in mainland China. Journal of Homosexuality, 67, 335–345. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2018.1530883CrossRefPubMed

Xiang, G., Li, Q., Du, X., Liu, X., Xiao, M., & Chen, H. (2020). Links between family cohesion and subjective well-being in adolescents and early adults: The mediating role of self-concept clarity and hope. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144020007950

Zhai, Y. (2017). Values of deference to authority in Japan and China. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 58(2), 120–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715217694078

Zhao, R., & Zheng, Y. (2021). Child development in same-sex families: Beliefs of Chinese lesbians, gays, and heterosexuals. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 18(3), 588–597 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-020-00483-5

Title: Does Self-Concept Clarity Relate to Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Gay Men? The Mediating Effects of Sexual Orientation Concealment and Gay Community Connectedness
Authors: Fang Li
Jundong Liao
Xianlin Sun
Tianyuan Yang
Tiezhu Li
Yibo Wang
Yusheng Mei
Publication date: 07-11-2021
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Sexuality Research and Social Policy / Issue 4/2022
Print ISSN: 1868-9884
Electronic ISSN: 1553-6610
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-021-00666-8

Springer Professional

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Policy Implications

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Other articles of this Issue 4/2022

The Nature and Impact of Informal Mental Health Support in an LGBTQ Context: Exploring Peer Roles and Their Challenges

Experiences and Needs of Sexual and Gender Minority Young Adults with a History of Suicidal Ideation Regarding Formal and Informal Mental Healthcare

Emerging Adult Men’s Reports of Sexual Messages and Desired Support From Parents, Friends/Peers, and Online Media in Making Sexual Decisions During College

Self-Compassion Contributes to Decreased Hopelessness in Young Gay Men: Two Types of Maladaptive Coping Strategies as Mediators

Outness Profiles and Mental Health in Brazilian Lesbian Women: a Cluster Analysis

“I Don’t Even Want to Come Out”: the Suppressed Voices of Our Future and Opening the Lid on Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Workplace Discrimination in Europe: a Qualitative Study