Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
Published in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 5/2013

01-05-2013

Effect of sintering temperature on the grain growth and electrical properties of barium zirconate titanate ferroelectric ceramics

Authors: Priyanka A. Jha, A. K. Jha

Published in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics | Issue 5/2013

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In the present work, structural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of barium zirconate titanate ferroelectric ceramics have been investigated. The specimens were synthesized using a solid state reaction technique. The XRD analysis reveals that the synthesized compound was formed with no secondary phases. As the sintering temperature increases from 1,200 to 1,300 °C, the average grain size is observed to increase from ~0.39 to ~6.15 μm. The dielectric measurements as a function of temperature show a decrease in Curie temperature (TC) on increasing the sintering temperature. The decrease in Curie temperature is attributed to the substitution of Zr+4 whose ionic radius is larger than Ti+4. A large increase in the dielectric constant with the increase in grain size is observed. The remanent polarization is also observed to increase with the increase in grain size.
previous article Microwave dielectric properties and low temperature firing of (1 − x)Li2Zn3Ti4O12 –xLi2TiO3 (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) ceramics with B2O3–CuO addition
next article Effects of sintering temperature on dielectric and piezoelectric properties of KNN-LS-BF-0.4mol%CuO lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
S.M. Neirman, The Curie point temperature of Ba(Ti1−x Zr x )O3 solid solutions. J. Mater. Sci. 23, 3973–3980 (1988)CrossRef
2.
Y. Sakabe, K. Minai, K. Wakino, High-dielectric constant ceramics for base metal monolithic capacitor. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 20(Supplement 20–4), 147–150 (1981)
3.
H. Nemoto, I. Oda, Direct examinations of PTC action of single grain boundaries in semiconducting BaTiO3 Ceramics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 63, 398 (1980)CrossRef
4.
M. Kuwabara, K. Morimo, T. Matsunaga, Single grain boundaries in PTC resistors. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79, 997 (1996)CrossRef
5.
M. McQuarrie, F.W. Behnke, Structural and dielectric studies in the system (Ba, Ca) (Ti, Zr) O3. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 37, 539 (1954)CrossRef
6.
A. Dixit, S.B. Majumder, R.S. Katiyar, A.S. Bhalla, Studies on the relaxor behaviour of sol-gel derived Ba (Zrx Ti1−x) O3 (0.30 ≤ x ≤ 0.70) thin films. J. Mater. Sci. 41, 87–96 (2006)CrossRef
7.
D. Hennings, A. Schnell, G. Simon, Diffuse ferroelectric phase transitions in BaTi1−y Zry O3. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 65, 539–544 (1982)CrossRef
8.
Y. Zhi, A. Chen, R. Guo, A.S. Bhalla, Piezoelectric and strain properties of Ba(Ti1−x Zr x )O3 ceramics. J. Appl. Phys. 92, 1489–1493 (2002)CrossRef
9.
R. C. Kell, N. J. Hellicar, Structural transformations in transformer materials of barium-titanate-zirconate. Acustica 6, 235–238 (1956)
10.
R. Farhi, M.E.I. Marssi, A. Simon, J. Ravez, A Raman and dielectric study of ferroelectric Ba(Ti1−xZrx)O3 ceramics. Eur. Phys. J. B 9, 599–604 (1999)CrossRef
11.
Y. Zhi, A. Chen, R. Guo, A.S. Bhalla, Ferroelectric-relaxor behavior of Ba(Ti0.7Zr0.3)O3 ceramics. J. Appl. Phys. 92, 2655–2657 (2002)CrossRef
12.
S. K. Rout, Ph. D. Thesis, Phase formation and dielectric studies of some BaO-TiO2-ZrO2 based perovskite system. (2006)
13.
M. Deri, Ferroelectric Ceramics (Gordon and Breach, New York, 1969)
14.
B. Jaffe, W. Cook, H. Jaffe, Piezoelectric Ceramics (Academic Press, London, 1971)
15.
E. Brajer, Polycrystalline ceramic material. US Patent 2708243: 1955
16.
X.G. Tang, K.H. Chew, H.L.W. Chan, Diffuse phase transition and dielectric tunability of BaTi1−y Zry O3 relaxor ferroelectric ceramics. Acta Mater. 52, 5177–5183 (2004)CrossRef
17.
C. Heremans, H.L. Tuller, Field-induced antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transitions in the Pb0.98 La0.02 (Zr0.70 Hf0.30)1−xTixO3 system. J. Appl. Phys. 87, 1458–1486 (2000)CrossRef
18.
E. F. Alberta, P. W. Rehrig, W. S. Hackenberger, C. A. Randall, T. R. Shrout, High temperature morphotrophic phase boundary piezoelectrics, IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium 1991–1994 (2003). doi:10.​1109/​ULTSYM.​2003.​1293307
19.
C. Dong, Powder-X: Windows-95-based program for powder X-ray diffraction data processing. 32:838
20.
W. Cai, C. Fu, J. Gao, H. Chen, Effect of grain size on domain structure and ferroelectric properties of barium zirconate titanate ceramics. J Alloys Compd 480, 870–873 (2009)CrossRef
21.
K. Huang, Statistical Mechanics (Wiley, New York, 1987)
22.
S.W. Zhang, H. Zhang, B.P. Zhang, G. Zhao, Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of characteristics of (Ba0.95Ca0.05)(Ti0.88Zr0.12)O3 ceramics sintered in a protective atmosphere. J Eur Ceram Soc 29, 3235–3242 (2009)CrossRef
23.
W.D. Kingrey, H.K. Bowen, D.R. Uhlmann, Introduction to Ceramics, 2nd edn. (Wiley, USA, 1976)
24.
J. Tullis, R.A. Yund, Grain growth kinetics of quartz and calcite aggregates. J Geol 90-3, 301–308 (1982)CrossRef
25.
M.W. Barsoum, Fundamentals of Ceramics (McGraw Hill Companies, New York, 1996)
26.
W.D. Callister, D.G. Rethwisch, Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction (Wiley, USA, 2010)
27.
S. Tsurekawa, K. Ibaraki, K. Kawahara, T. Watanabe, The continuity of ferroelectric domains at grain boundaries in lead zirconate titanate. Scripta Materialia 56, 577–580 (2007)CrossRef
28.
K. Ramam, M. Lopez, Barium modified lead lanthanum strontium zirconium niobium titanate for dielectric and piezoelectric properties. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 27, 3141–3147 (2007)CrossRef
29.
S.B. Reddy, K.P. Rao, M.S.R. Rao, Observation of high permittivity in Ho substituted BaZr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramics. Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 022917 (2007)CrossRef
30.
D.C. Sinclair, A.R. West, Impedance and modulus spectroscopy of semiconducting BaTiO3 showing positive temperature coefficient of resistance. J. Appl. Phys. 66, 3850 (1989)CrossRef
31.
D.C. Sinclair, T.B. Adams, F.D. Morrison, A.R. West, CaCu3Ti4O12: one-step internal barrier layer capacitor Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 2153 (2002)
32.
S.G. Lee, D.S. Kan, Dielectric properties of ZrO2 doped (Ba, Sr, Ca) TiO3 ceramics for tunable microwave device applications. Mater. Lett. 57, 1629 (2002)CrossRef
33.
W.R. Huo, Y.F. Qu, Effects of Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 on the Curie temperature and the PTC effects of BaTiO3-based positive temperature coefficient ceramics. Sens. Actuators, A 128, 265 (2006)CrossRef
34.
N. Sawangwan, J. Barrel, K. Mackenzie, T. Tunaksiri, The effect of Zr content on electrical properties of Ba(Ti1−xZrx)O3 ceramics. Appl. Phys. A 90, 723 (2008)CrossRef
35.
P. Ganguly, A.K. Jha, Structural and electrical properties of Ba5-xCaxSmTi3Nb7O30 (x = 0–5) ferroelectric ceramics. J. Alloys Compd 495, 7–12 (2010)CrossRef
36.
R.C. Buchanan, Ceramic Materials for Electronics (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1991)
37.
N. Ponpandian, A. Narayanasamy, Influence of grain size and structural changes on the electrical properties of nanocrystalline zinc ferrite. J. Appl. Phys. 92, 2770 (2002)CrossRef
38.
S.A. Fadnavis, A.G. Katpatal, Anomalous dc conductance in Nd+3-doped ferroelectric lead germanate single crystal. Bull. Mater. Sci. 20, 1097 (1997)CrossRef
39.
P. Ganguly, A.K. Jha, Enhanced characteristics of Ba5SmTi3Nb7O30 ferroelectric nanocrystalline ceramic prepared by mechanical activation process: a comparative study. Mater. Res. Bull. 46, 692 (2011)CrossRef
40.
R.K. Dwivedi, D. Kumar, O. Prakash, Valence compensated perovskite oxide system Ca1−xLaxTi1−xCrxO3. J. Mater. Sci. 36, 3641–3648 (2001)CrossRef
41.
U. Weber, G. Greuel, U. Boettger, S. Weber, D. Hennings, R. Waser, Dielectric properties of Ba(Ti, Zr)O3-based ferroelectrics for capacitor applications. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 84, 759 (2001)CrossRef
42.
V. M. Goldschmidt, Shrifter Nofke Videnskaps-Akad. Oslo I: mat-Naturv. Kl. No. 2, 8 (1926)
43.
H.T. Martirena, J.C. Burfoot, Grain size effects on properties of some ferroelectric ceramics. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 7, 3182 (1974)CrossRef
44.
45.
M. Kumar, A. Garg, R. Kumar, M.C. Bhatnagar, Structural, dielectric and ferroelectric studies of Ba0.9Sr0.1ZrxTi1−xO3 ceramics prepared by the sol-gel method. Phys. B 403, 1819 (2008)CrossRef
46.
N. Nanakorn, P. Jalupoom, N. Vaneesorn, A. Thanaboonsombut, Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of BaTi1−x Zrx O3 ferroelectric properties. Ceram. Int. 34, 779–782 (2008)CrossRef
47.
P.A. Jha, A.K. Jha, Influence of processing conditions on the grain growth and electrical properties of barium zirconate titanate ferroelectric ceramics. J. Alloys Compd 513, 580–585 (2012)
Metadata
Title
Effect of sintering temperature on the grain growth and electrical properties of barium zirconate titanate ferroelectric ceramics
Authors
Priyanka A. Jha
A. K. Jha
Publication date
01-05-2013
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 0957-4522
Electronic ISSN: 1573-482X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-012-0963-7

Other articles of this Issue 5/2013

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 5/2013 Go to the issue

Review

A review on fabrication, sensing mechanisms and performance of metal oxide gas sensors

OriginalPaper

Microstructural and magnetic properties of self-biased strontium hexaferrite thick films by two-step sintering

OriginalPaper

Microwave dielectric properties and low temperature firing of (1 − x)Li2Zn3Ti4O12 –xLi2TiO3 (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) ceramics with B2O3–CuO addition

OriginalPaper

Ferroelectric studies and impedance analysis of PLZT (10/52/48) electroceramics

OriginalPaper

Effects of Bi excess on the structure and electrical properties of high-temperature BiFeO3–BaTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics

OriginalPaper

Synthesis, structural and optical properties of Ni-doped ZnO micro-spheres