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The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology

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30-01-2022 | Critical Review

Extreme pressure and antiwear additives for lubricant: academic insights and perspectives

Authors: Haogang Li, Yanbin Zhang, Changhe Li, Zongming Zhou, Xiaolin Nie, Yun Chen, Huajun Cao, Bo Liu, Naiqing Zhang, Zafar Said, Sujan Debnath, Muhammad Jamil, Hafiz Muhammad Ali, Shubham Sharma

Published in: The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology | Issue 1-2/2022

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Abstract

Extreme pressure (EP) and antiwear (AW) additives are necessary for boundary lubrication. However, their mechanisms and physical and chemical properties remain unclear. EP and AW additives were reviewed to fill gaps in theoretical and industrial applications. Compounds containing chlorine, sulfur, and phosphorus elements were first used in boundary lubrication because of thermal reaction with metal to form film characteristics. First, the mechanisms of traditional EP and AW additives were analyzed, the physical and chemical properties were compared, and properties affecting factors were studied. Traditional EP and AW additives are not environmentally friendly, but nanoparticle EP and AW additives are excellent substitutes. The mechanisms of nanoparticle EP and AW additives were summarized. The influence of nanoparticle structure parameters, concentration, and media polarity on properties was studied. Second, the influence law of non-polar chain length on traditional EP and AW additives was revealed. The improvement interval of traditional EP and AW additives on the performance of the base fluid was determined. The structural advantage of low crystallinity onion-like and multilayer sheet-like low wrinkle effect of nanoparticles was explained. The particle size design principle attached to the surface roughness and size-dependent melting inhibition mechanism was established. The influence of concentration and media polarity on nanoparticle properties was obtained. Finally, the research of minimum amount matching database and mathematical selection model for traditional EP and AW additives and the molecular dynamics analysis of surface-modified nanoparticles and the development of green general-purpose additives based on molecular design are prospected.

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Title: Extreme pressure and antiwear additives for lubricant: academic insights and perspectives
Authors: Haogang Li
Yanbin Zhang
Changhe Li
Zongming Zhou
Xiaolin Nie
Yun Chen
Huajun Cao
Bo Liu
Naiqing Zhang
Zafar Said
Sujan Debnath
Muhammad Jamil
Hafiz Muhammad Ali
Shubham Sharma
Publication date: 30-01-2022
Publisher: Springer London
Published in: The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology / Issue 1-2/2022
Print ISSN: 0268-3768
Electronic ISSN: 1433-3015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08614-x

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