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River Sand Mining and its Management: A Global Challenge Read chapter Read first chapter

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

3. Fluvial Sediment Budget and Mining Impact Assessment: Use of RUSLE, SDR and Hydraulic Models

Authors : Raj Kumar Bhattacharya, Nilanjana Das Chatterjee

Published in: River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Sediment budget is a scientific quantitative measure to compute sediment source and sink. Sources of sediment includes sediment yield (SY), upstream sediment inflow whereas sink of sediment are associated with sediment extraction, sediment concentration and sediment outflow. Objective in this study is to understand the stability of each segment by assigning replenishment and sediment mining in eight segments of Kangsabati River named Khatra, Raipur, Lalgarh, Dherua, Mohanpur, Kapastikri, Panskura and Rajnagar. SY is estimated through overlay of soil loss and SDR using coupling models of Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Sediment delivery distributed model (SEDD). Ackers-White method (1973) is applied to assess the sediment transport and concentration whereas sediment extraction rate computed from District Land Revenue Office (2002–2016). Result shows that maximum sediment source concentrated in Khatra (732,003 ton/y), Lalgarh (578,810 ton/y), Raipur (115,291 ton/y), Dherua (76,644 ton/y) and minimum sediment source in Mohanpur (40,113 ton/y), Kapastikri (21,487 ton/y) and Panskura (77 ton/y). In contrary, maximum sediment sinks observed in Mohanpur (323,219 ton/y), Kapastikri (170,910 ton/y), Lalgarh (150,026 ton/y), Rajnagar (8713 ton/y) and minimum sediment sink observed in Khatra (20,721), Raipur (74,968 ton/y) and Dherua (40,831 ton/y). According to DLRO, Mohanpur, Kapastikri and Lalgarh segments shares 48, 27 and 13% rate of mining including 131 mining sites out of 186. Therefore, massive sediment mining makes negative sediment bearing segments (sediment source < sediment sink) as Mohanpur, Kapastikri, Lalgarh and Rajnagar whereas massive sandbar deposition makes positive sediment bearing segments (sediment source > sediment sink) as Khatra, Raipur, Dherua and Panskura, respectively.

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previous chapter Geomorphic Threshold and Sand Mining: A Geo-environmental Study in Kangsabati River
next chapter Sediment Grain Size Analysis and Mining Intensity: Estimation by GRADISTAT, G-STAT and LDF Techniques
Footnotes
1
Channel dynamics denotes natural autogenic occurrences in fluvial process resulting from human modifications, climatic factors.
 
2
Sediment budget demonstrated the assessment of source and sink of sediment in a geographic system with the considering of input, transport, storage and output of sediment.
 
3
Bedload transport explained the moving particles that are transported towards the longitudinal channel bed by rolling, sliding and saltating.
 
4
USPED means unit stream power based erosion deposition, which model is used to predict the soil erosion and deposition distribution at large scale in a steady state overland flow catchment area.
 
5
WEPP means water erosion prediction project model comprising the physical based erosion and deposition across the United State and World.
 
6
Nomograph is rapidly assessment graph for determining the soil erodibility factor (K) of RUSLE.
 
7
UN-FAO (2001) means Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation.
 
8
USDA-SCS (1975) stated the United States Department of agriculture, soil conservation service.
 
9
USDA-SCS-TR-55 (1975) means Technical Release 55 Urban Hydrology for measuring the storm runoff volume, discharge peak rate etc. in a small watershed (1975).
 
10
Hungry water flow is one kind of sub-critical flow generated from sediment starvation channel flow along the extracted channel bed.
 
11
Positive sediment bearer sites indicates that amount of sediment sources is greater than sediment sink quantity.
 
12
negative sediment bearer segment indicates that amount of sediment sources is less than sediment sink quantity.
 
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Metadata
Title
Fluvial Sediment Budget and Mining Impact Assessment: Use of RUSLE, SDR and Hydraulic Models
Authors
Raj Kumar Bhattacharya
Nilanjana Das Chatterjee
Copyright Year
2021
Book
River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-72295-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-72296-8

Copyright Year: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72296-8_3