1 Introduction
2 Experimental work
2.1 Synthesis of stainless steel nano-alloys
Analyte | Mass fraction (%) |
---|---|
C | 0.100 |
Si | 0.447 |
P | 0.028 |
S | 0.003 |
V | 0.097 |
Cr | 19.456 |
Ni | 9.085 |
Cu | 0.205 |
Mo | 0.149 |
Mn | 1.477 |
Fe | Balance |
2.2 Biogas
3 Results and discussion
3.1 Properties of stainless steel nano-alloys
Laser energy | Concentration (µg/mL) |
---|---|
19 mJ/pulse | 4.002 × 10−4 |
26 mJ/pulse | 3.4135 × 10−3 |
60 mJ/pulse | 1.24 × 10−2 |
Weight (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cr | Ni | Fe | O | |
19 mJ/pulse | 14.59 | 2.38 | 47.08 | Balance |
26 mJ/pulse | 0 | 0.16 | 13.57 | Balance |
60 mJ/pulse | 2.78 | 14.30 | 82.91 | Balance |
2θ(deg.) | d-spacing (Å) | FWHM (deg.) | Relative intensity (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
(a) 19 mJ/pulse | 29.4733 | 3.03069 | 0.1535 | 58.19 |
31.7199 | 2.82098 | 0.0768 | 100.00 | |
(b) 26 mJ/pulse | 23.2160 | 3.83142 | 0.6140 | 100.00 |
(c) 60 mJ/pulse | 10.2863 | 8.59993 | 0.8187 | 100.00 |
12.4366 | 7.11743 | 0.6140 | 19.05 | |
15.1675 | 5.84154 | 0.9210 | 45.59 | |
27.3219 | 3.26425 | 0.9210 | 88.06 | |
36.6590 | 2.45146 | 0.8187 | 34.41 | |
37.7082 | 2.38563 | 0.6140 | 17.34 | |
39.7041 | 2.27018 | 0.7164 | 20.33 | |
62.2751 | 1.49090 | 0.6140 | 48.60 | |
74.6218 | 1.27188 | 0.8187 | 43.62 |