Top

Published in:

2021 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Introduction to Solar Energy

Authors : S. N. Singh, Prabhakar Tiwari, Sumit Tiwari

Published in: Fundamentals and Innovations in Solar Energy

Publisher: Springer Singapore

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The sun is an ultimate source of energy, and all available forms of energies on earth, directly or indirectly, depend on it. It is a sphere of very hot gaseous substance having diameter of 1.39 × 10⁹ m with an average distance of 1.5 × 10¹¹ m from the earth. The sun has temperature (T_s) of 5777 K, and this temperature is maintained due to uninterrupted fusion reaction. Several fusion reactions have been proposed for production of the energy emitted by the sun; the most important being the one in which four photons of hydrogen unite to make helium (i.e., helium nucleus). The helium nucleus has less mass compared to four protons, which is converted to energy.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

next chapter Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Generation

Tiwari GN, Suneja S (1997) Solar thermal engineering systems. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi

Tiwari GN, Goyal RK (1998) Greenhouse technology. Narosa publishing house, New Delhi, pp 252–311

Belessiotis VG, Papanicolaou E (2012) History of solar energy. Ref. Module Earth Syst. Environ. Sci. Compr. Renew. Energy 3:85–102

Anonymous (1981) Hemispherical bowl. Sun World 5(4):64

Delyannis A, Piperoglou E (1967–1972) Handbook of saline water conversion bibliography. Technical University of Athens, Athens, pp 2–9

Kapur J (1984) Surya, maker of the seasons, giver of life, lord of planets. Sun World 8(1):2–4CrossRef

Aristotle (1952) Meteorologica. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, p 480 (ISBN 9780674994362)

Telkes M (1943) Distilling water with solar energy. Report to Solar Energy Conversion Committee, MIT. https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Distilling%20water%20with%20solar%20energy&author=M.%20Telkes&publication_year=1943

Dickinson WC, Cheremisinoff PN (1980) Solar energy technology book, part A: engineering fundamentals. Marcel Dekker Inc., Butterworths, New York, p 912 (ISBN-13: 978-0824768720)

10.

Delyannis E (2003) Historic background of desalination and renewable energy. Sol Energy 75:357–366CrossRef

11.

Jordan RC, Ibele WE (1956) Mechanical energy from solar energy. In: Proceedings of the world symposium on applied solar energy. Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA, USA, Phoenix, AZ, USA, pp 81–101, 1–5 November 1955

12.

Böer KW (ed) (2005) The fifty years history of ISES and its national sections, vol 1. American Solar Energy Society Inc., Boulder, CO (Ch 17)

13.

Mills DR (2001) Solar thermal electricity. In: Gordon J (ed) Solar energy. ISES, The State of the Art Chicago, IL p 724 (ISBN-10: 1902916239)

14.

Robinson N (1956) Solar machines. In: Proceedings of the world symposium on applied solar energy. Stanford Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA, Menlo Park, CA, pp 43–46, 1–5 Nov 1955

15.

Adler S, Levite G, Tabor H (1964) The Altenkirch solar-cooled house. In: Proceedings of the UN conference on new sources of energy, vol 6. Rome, Italy, pp 60–65, 21–31 Aug 1961

16.

Adler S, Levite G, Tabor H (1999) United nations/nations unies; Ibid, Selected reprints of papers by Tabor H (ed) Solar energy pioneer, vol 252. Balaban Publisher, ISES pp 75–88

17.

Palz W (1978) Solar electricity: an economic approach to solar energy. UNESCO, Paris-Butterworths, London-Boston (ISBN-0408709103)

18.

Francia G (1968) Pilot plants of solar steam generating stations. Sol Energy 12:51–59CrossRef

19.

Jäger-Waldau A (2006) European photovoltaics in worldwide comparison. J Non-Cryst Solids 352:1922–1927CrossRef

20.

Parida B, Iniyan S, Goic R (2011) A review of solar photovoltaic technologies. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 15:1625–1636CrossRef

21.

Razykov TM, Ferekides CS, Morel D, Stefanakos E, Ullal HS, Upadhyaya HM (2011) Solarphotovoltaic electricity: current status and future prospects. Sol Energy 85:1580–1608CrossRef

22.

Kui-Qing P, Shuit-Tong L (2011) Silicon nanowires for photovoltaic solar energy conversion. Adv Mater 23:198–215CrossRef

23.

Goetzberger A, Hebling C, Schock HW (2003) Photovoltaic materials, history, status andoutlook. Mater Sci Eng: R: Rep 40(1):1–46CrossRef

24.

Gangopadhyay U, Jana S, Das S (2013) State of art of solar photovoltaic technology. In: Proceedings of international conference on solar energy photovoltaics, vol 2013. (Article ID 764132, https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/764132)

25.

Goetzberger A, Hebling C (2006) Photovoltaic materials, past, present, future. Solar Energy Cells 90:2170–2180CrossRef

26.

Sampaio PGV, González MOA (2017) Photovoltaic solar energy: conceptual framework. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 74:590–601CrossRef

27.

Schiermeier Q, Tollefson J, Scully T, Witze A, Morton O (2008) Energy alternatives: electricity without carbon. Nature 454:816–823. https://doi.org/10.1038/454816aCrossRef

28.

Lewis N (2007) Toward cost-effective solar energy use. Science 315(5813):798–801. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1137014CrossRef

29.

Chu S, Majumdar A (2012) Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future. Nature 488:294–303CrossRef

30.

Perez R, Zweibel K, Hoff T (2011) Solar power generation in the US: too expensive, or a bargain? Energy Policy 39:7290–7297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.08.052CrossRef

31.

MNRE report 2020–21 (Cumulative up to Aug 2020). https://mnre.gov.in/the-ministry/physical-progress

Title: Introduction to Solar Energy
Authors: S. N. Singh
Prabhakar Tiwari
Sumit Tiwari
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Book: Fundamentals and Innovations in Solar Energy
Print ISBN: 978-981-336-455-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-336-456-1

Copyright Year: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6456-1_1