Top

Technology, Knowledge and Learning

Published in:

01-04-2015 | Original Research

Local Semantic Trace: A Method to Analyze Very Small and Unstructured Texts for Propositional Knowledge

Author: Pablo Pirnay-Dummer

Published in: Technology, Knowledge and Learning | Issue 1/2015

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

A local semantic trace is a certain quasi-propositional structure that can still be reconstructed from written content that is incomplete or does not follow a proper grammar. It can also retrace bits of knowledge from text containing only very few words, making the microstructure of these artifacts of knowledge externalization available for automated analysis and comparison—which makes it highly interesting when learners write short texts within or outside of any learning experience. The methodology is designed to track knowledge and understanding in contexts that contain small pieces of speech of this kind, like discussion boards, chats, forums, or any other conceivable discourse, with very small amounts of text. In this paper, the methodology is introduced and cross-validated by two subsequent studies with a total of N = 310 text samples against already existing methods that allow the analysis of medium-length texts with proper grammar. The results show a very promising outlook for three levels of expertise and five completely different domains.

previous article PhotoMAT: A Mobile Tool for Aiding in Student Construction of Research Questions and Data Analysis

next article Open Badges: Novel Means to Motivate, Scaffold and Recognize Learning

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Aebli, H. (1991). Zwölf Grundformen des Lehrens: eine allgemeine Didaktik auf psychologischer Grundlage. Medien und Inhalte didaktischer Kommunikation, der Lernzyklus (6th ed.). Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta.

Anderson, J. M. (2006). The non-autonomy of syntax. Folia Linguistica, 39(3–4), 223–250.

Bach, E. (1968). Nouns and noun phrases. In E. Bach & R. T. Harms (Eds.), Universals in linguistic theory (pp. 90–122). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Bach, E. (1989). Informal lectures on formal semantics. NY: State University of New York Press.

Brill, E. (1995). Transformation-based error-driven learning and natural language processing: A case study in part of speech tagging. Computational Linguistics, 21(4), 543–565.

Cañas, A. J., Hill, G., Carff, N., Suri, N., Lott, J., Eskridge, T., et al. (2004). CmapTools: A knowledge modeling and sharing environment. In A. J. Cañas, J. D. Novak, & F. M. González (Eds.), Concept maps: Theory, methodology, technology, proceedings of the first international conference on concept mapping. Pamplona, Spain: Universidad Pública de Navarra.

Chomsky, N. (1981). Lectures on government and binding. Dordrecht: Foris.

Clariana, R. B., Engelmann, T., & Yu, W. (2013). Using centrality of concept maps as a measure of problem space states in computer-supported collaborative problem solving. Educational Technology Research and Development, 61(3), 423–442.CrossRef

Deerwester, S. C., Dumais, S. T., Landauer, T. K., Furnas, G. W., & Harshman, R. A. (1990). Indexing by latent semantic analysis. Journal of the American Society of Information Science, 41(6), 391–407.CrossRef

Herbart, J. F. (1806). Allgemeine Pädagogik aus dem Zweck der Erziehung abgeleitet. Göttingen: Röwer.

Huifen, L. (2011). Facilitating learning from animated instruction: Effectiveness of questions and feedback as attention-directing strategies. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 14(2), 31–42. (article).

Ifenthaler, D. (2009). Model-based feedback for improving expertise and expert performance. Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning, 7(2), 83–101.

Ifenthaler, D. (2010a). Relational, structural, and semantic analysis of graphical representations and concept maps. Educational Technology Research and Development, 58(1), 1556–6501.CrossRef

Ifenthaler, D. (2010b). Scope of graphical indices in educational diagnostics. In D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer, & N. M. Seel (Eds.), Computer-based diagnostics and systematic analysis of knowledge (pp. 213–234). New York: Springer.CrossRef

Janetzko, D. (2008). Objectivity, reliability, and validity of search engine count estimates. International Journal of Internet Science, 3(1), 3–77.

Johnson, T. E., O’Connor, D. L., Pirnay-Dummer, P., Ifenthaler, D., Spector, J. M., & Seel, N. M. (2006a). Comparative study of mental model research methods: Relationships, among, ACSMM, SMD, MITOCAR and DEEP methodologies. In A. J. Cañas & J. D. Novak (Eds.), Proceedings of the second international conference on concept mapping. San Jose, Costa Rica: Universidad de Costa Rica.

Johnson, T. E., O’Connor, D. L., Spector, J. M., Ifenthaler, D., & Pirnay-Dummer, P. (2006b). Comparative study of mental model research methods: Relationships among ACSMM, SMD, MITOCAR and DEEP methodologies. In A. J. Canas & J. D. Novak (Eds.), Concept maps: Theory, methodology, technology. San Jose, Costa Rica: University of Costa Rica.

Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983). Mental models. Toward a cognitive science of language, inference and language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Johnson-Laird, P. N., & Byrne, R. M. J. (1991). Deduction. Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Jonassen, D. H., & Cho, Y. H. (2008). Externalizing mental models with mindtools. In D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer, & J. M. Spector (Eds.), Understanding models for learning and instruction: Essays in honor of Norbert M. Seel (pp. 145–159). New York: Springer.CrossRef

Konieczny, L., Hemforth, B., Scheepers, C., & Strube, G. (1997). The role of lexical heads in parsing. Evidence from German. Language and Cognitive Processes, 12(2/3), 307–348.CrossRef

Landauer, T. K., Foltz, P. W., & Laham, D. (1998). Introduction to latent semantic analysis. Discourse Processes, 25, 259–284.CrossRef

Link, G. (1979). Montague-Grammatik. München: Wilhelm Fink.

McNamara, T. P. (2005). Semantic priming: Perspectives from memory and word recognition. New York: Psychology Press.CrossRef

Mevarech, Z. R. (1980). The role of teaching–learning strategies and feedback-corrective procedures in developing higher cognitive achievement. Unpublished Ph.D., University of Chicago.

Mitchell, D. C. (1994). Sentence parsing. In M. A. Gernsbacher (Ed.), Handbook of psycholinguistics (pp. 375–410). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

Montague, R. (1974). Formal philosophy: Selected papers of Richard Montague. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Pirnay-Dummer, P. (2010). Complete Structure Comparison. In D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer, & N. M. Seel (Eds.), Computer-based diagnostics and systematic analysis of knowledge (pp. 235–258). New York: Springer.CrossRef

Pirnay-Dummer, P. (2012). Measures of Association. In N. M. Seel (Ed.), Encyclopedia of the sciences of learning (pp. 2145–2147). New York: Springer.

Pirnay-Dummer, P., & Ifenthaler, D. (2010). Automated knowledge visualization and assessment. In D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer, & N. M. Seel (Eds.), Computer-based diagnostics and systematic analysis of knowledge (pp. 77–115). New York: Springer.CrossRef

Pirnay-Dummer, P., Ifenthaler, D., & Seel, N. M. (2012). Designing model-based learning environments to support mental models for learning. In D. H. Jonassen & S. M. Land (Eds.), Theoretical foundations of learning environments (pp. 55–90). New York: Routledge.

Pirnay-Dummer, P., Ifenthaler, D., & Spector, J. M. (2010). Highly integrated model assessment technology and tools. Educational Technology Research and Development, 58(1), 3–18.CrossRef

Pirnay-Dummer, P., & Walter, S. (2009). Bridging the world’s knowledge to individual knowledge using latent semantic analysis and web ontologies to complement classical and new knowledge assessment technologies. Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning, 7(1), 21–45.

Pollio, H. R. (1966). The structural basis of word association behavior. The Hague: Mouton.

Russel, W. A., & Jenkins, J. J. (1954). The complete Minnesota norms for responses to 100 words from the Kent–Rosanoff word association test. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.

Schnotz, W. (1994). Aufbau von Wissensstrukturen. Weinheim: Beltz, Psychologie-Verl.-Union.

Seel, N. M. (1991). Weltwissen und Mentale Modelle. Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Seel, N. M. (2003). Model centered learning and instruction. Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning, 1(1), 59–85.

Smith, W. G. (1894). Mediate association. Mind, 3(11), 289–304.CrossRef

Smith, W. G. (1918). Methods of studying controlled word associations. Psychobiology, 1(6), 369–428.CrossRef

Spector, J. M. (2008). The fragmented nature of learning and instruction. In D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer, & J. M. Spector (Eds.), Understanding models for learning and instruction. Essays in honor of Norbert M. Seel (pp. 3–22). New York: Springer.CrossRef

Spector, J. M., Christensen, D. L., Sioutine, A. V., & McCormack, D. (2001). Models and simulations for learning in complex domains: Using causal loop diagrams for assessment and evaluation. Computers in Human Behavior, 17(5–6), 517–545.CrossRef

Spector, J. M., & Koszalka, T. A. (2004). The DEEP methodology for assessing learning in complex domains (final report to the National Science Foundation evaluative research and evaluation capacity building). Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University.

Strasser, A. (2010). A functional view towards mental representations. In D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer, & J. M. Spector (Eds.), Computer-based diagnostics and systematic analysis of knowledge (pp. 15–26). New York: Springer.CrossRef

Turner, R. (1983). Montague semantics, nominalization and Scott’s domains. Linguistics and Philosophy, 6, 259–288.CrossRef

Tversky, A. (1977). Features of similarity. Psychological Review, 84, 327–352.CrossRef

Vygotskij, L. S., & Kozulin, A. (1997). Thought and language (10th ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Waldo, J. (1979). A PTQ semantics for sortal incorrectness. In S. Davis & M. Mithun (Eds.), Linguistics, philosophy, and montague grammar (pp. 311–331). Austin: University of Texas.

Warren, H. C. (1921). A history of the association psychology. New York, Chicago: C. Scribner.CrossRef

Wolfe, M. B. W., & Goldman, S. R. (2003). Use of latent semantic analysis for predicting psychological phenomena: Two issues and proposed solutions. Behaviour Research Methods, 35, 22–31.CrossRef

Title: Local Semantic Trace: A Method to Analyze Very Small and Unstructured Texts for Propositional Knowledge
Author: Pablo Pirnay-Dummer
Publication date: 01-04-2015
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Technology, Knowledge and Learning / Issue 1/2015
Print ISSN: 2211-1662
Electronic ISSN: 2211-1670
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-014-9236-2

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

Turning Transfer Inside Out: The Affordances of Virtual Worlds and Mobile Devices in Real World Contexts for Teaching About Causality Across Time and Distance in Ecosystems

Open Badges: Novel Means to Motivate, Scaffold and Recognize Learning

Using Augmented Reality Tools to Enhance Children’s Library Services

M. Spector, D. Merrill, J. Elen, M. J. Bishop (eds): Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology

Virtual Experiments or Worked Examples? How to Learn the Control of Variable Strategy

Testing the Impact of a Pre-instructional Digital Game on Middle-Grade Students’ Understanding of Photosynthesis

Premium Partners