Multimodal biometric systems based on different fusion levels of ECG and fingerprint using different classifiers

Multimodal biometric system can be accomplished at different levels of fusion and achieve higher recognition performance than the unimodal system. This paper concerned to study the performance of different classification techniques and fusion rules in the context of unimodal and multimodal biometric systems based on the electrocardiogram (ECG) and fingerprint. The experiments are conducted on ECG and fingerprint databases to evaluate the performance of the proposed biometric systems. MIT-BIH database is utilized for ECG, FVC2004 database is utilized for the fingerprint, and further experiments are being performed to evaluate the proposed multimodal system with 47 subjects from virtual multimodal database. The performance of the proposed unimodal and multimodal biometric systems is measured using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, AUC (area under the ROC curve), sensitivity, specificity, efficiency, standard error of the mean, and likelihood ratio. The findings indicate AUC up to 0.985 for sequential multimodal system, and up to 0.956 for parallel multimodal system, as compared to the unimodal systems that achieved AUC up to 0.951, and 0.866, for the ECG and fingerprint biometrics, respectively. The overall performance of the proposed multimodal systems is better than that of the unimodal systems based on different classifiers and different fusion levels and rules.