One-round semi-quantum-honest key agreement scheme in MSTSA structure without entanglement

Security, efficiency and universality are the major concerns in distributed computation for how to get the services securely as there are a large number of nodes that require interactive authentication and key negotiation. These become more challenging especially for the semi-quantum environment as it is highly complicated and heterogeneous in nature. Most of the existing techniques reported in the literature are having high computation and communication costs, which reduce their importance for applicability in real-world environment. Moreover, these schemes are all classical computing environment without any quantum device, which make them are vulnerable to unknown attacks because they are all based on the computation complexity. Hence, in this paper, we propose a new semi-quantum key agreement protocol based on Multiple Servers to Server Architecture protocol. The protocol is used for mutual authentication, key agreement, login and other operations between classical users and two quantum servers. The main innovations of this scheme are that the classical users can log in to another unregistered quantum server in any domain with the help of their registered quantum server, and it has high security and efficiency, but also has universality and intergrade from classical devices to quantum era. Due to the semi-honest attribute is based on quantum techniques, the registered quantum server cannot get the session key between the user and the unregistered server. Finally, we have done a detailed comparative analysis for the communication and computation costs along with security and functionality features which proves its efficiency in comparison to the other existing schemes of its category.