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Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

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10-11-2017 | Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for dielectric, electronic, magnetic and ferroelectric applications

Phase diagram of Sm and Mn co-doped bismuth ferrite based on crystal structure and magnetic properties

Authors: Rabichandra Pandey, Chandrakanta Panda, Pawan Kumar, Manoranjan Kar

Published in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Sm and Mn co-substituted BiFeO₃ (BFO) ceramic has been synthesized by the tartaric acid modified sol-gel method to understand the effect of structural modification on the magnetic properties. The secondary phases (i.e., Bi₂Fe₄O₉, Bi₂₅FeO₃₉ etc.) present in the parent compound BiFeO₃ have been significantly reduced with increase in the substitution percentage of Sm and Mn at Bi and Fe sites of BFO respectively. The Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reveals a structural transition from rhombohedral (R3c, space group) to orthorhombic (Pbnm, space group) crystal symmetry with the concentration of Sm and Mn in the sample. The chemical state and elemental ratio of the samples have been studied by analyzing the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data. Crystallite size obtained from the transmission electron microscopy analysis is in well comparable with the XRD analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis supports the XRD results. A change in the phonon frequency and line widths in Raman spectra confirms the lattice distortion in the co-substituted samples which are in agreement with the XRD analysis. Ferromagnetic signature has been observed in Sm and Mn co-substitution. The magnetic hysteresis loop at room temperature has been analyzed by considering both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic contribution. The saturation magnetization for ferromagnetic phase increases up to 10% substitution of Sm and Mn in BFO and, decrease with the further increase of percentage of substituents. A correlation between crystal structure and magnetic behavior has been observed for Sm and Mn co-substituted sample.

Graphical abstract

Phase diagram of crystal symmetries percentage, saturation magnetization (M_S), remnant magnetization (Mr) and coercivity (H_C) of Bi_1-xSm_xFe_1-xMn_xO₃ for x = 0.000, 0.025, 0.050, 0.075, 0.100 and 0.150 ceramics.

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Title: Phase diagram of Sm and Mn co-doped bismuth ferrite based on crystal structure and magnetic properties
Authors: Rabichandra Pandey
Chandrakanta Panda
Pawan Kumar
Manoranjan Kar
Publication date: 10-11-2017
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology / Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 0928-0707
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4846
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4537-2

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