Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Quantum Information Processing 6/2019

01-06-2019

Quantum Fisher information matrix in Heisenberg XY model

Authors: L. Bakmou, A. Slaoui, M. Daoud, R. Ahl Laamara

Published in: Quantum Information Processing | Issue 6/2019

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The quantum Fisher information matrix provides us with a tool to determine the precision, in any multiparametric estimation protocol, through quantum Cramér–Rao bound. In this work, we study simultaneous and individual estimation strategies using the density matrix vectorization method. Two special Heisenberg XY models are considered. The first one concerns the anisotropic XY model in which the temperature T and the anisotropic parameter \(\gamma \) are estimated. The second situation concerns the isotropic XY model submitted to an external magnetic field B in which the temperature and the magnetic field are estimated. Our results show that the simultaneous strategy of multiple parameters is always advantageous and can provide a better precision than the individual strategy in the multiparameter estimation procedures.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
2.
go back to reference Giovannetti, V., Lloyd, S., Maccone, L.: Advances in quantum metrology. Nat. Photon. 5, 222 (2011)ADSCrossRef Giovannetti, V., Lloyd, S., Maccone, L.: Advances in quantum metrology. Nat. Photon. 5, 222 (2011)ADSCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Helstrom, C.W.: Quantum Detection and Estimation Theory. Academic Press, Cambridge (1976)MATH Helstrom, C.W.: Quantum Detection and Estimation Theory. Academic Press, Cambridge (1976)MATH
4.
go back to reference Huelga, S.F., Macchiavello, C., Pellizzari, T., Ekert, A.K., Plenio, M.B., Cirac, J.I.: Improvement of frequency standards with quantum entanglement. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 3865 (1997)ADSCrossRef Huelga, S.F., Macchiavello, C., Pellizzari, T., Ekert, A.K., Plenio, M.B., Cirac, J.I.: Improvement of frequency standards with quantum entanglement. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 3865 (1997)ADSCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Escher, B.M., de Matos Filho, R.L., Davidovich, L.: General framework for estimating the ultimate precision limit in noisy quantum-enhanced metrology. Nat. Phys. 7, 406 (2011)CrossRef Escher, B.M., de Matos Filho, R.L., Davidovich, L.: General framework for estimating the ultimate precision limit in noisy quantum-enhanced metrology. Nat. Phys. 7, 406 (2011)CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Joza, R., Abrams, D.S., Dowling, J.P., Williams, C.P.: Quantum clock synchronization based on shared prior entanglement. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2010 (2000)ADSCrossRef Joza, R., Abrams, D.S., Dowling, J.P., Williams, C.P.: Quantum clock synchronization based on shared prior entanglement. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2010 (2000)ADSCrossRef
7.
8.
go back to reference Ballester, M.A.: Entanglement is not very useful for estimating multiple phases. Phys. Rev. A 70, 032310 (2004)ADSCrossRef Ballester, M.A.: Entanglement is not very useful for estimating multiple phases. Phys. Rev. A 70, 032310 (2004)ADSCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Monras, A.: Optimal phase measurements with pure Gaussian states. Phys. Rev. A 73, 033821 (2006)ADSCrossRef Monras, A.: Optimal phase measurements with pure Gaussian states. Phys. Rev. A 73, 033821 (2006)ADSCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Aspachs, M., Calsamiglia, J., Muñoz Tapia, R., Bagan, E.: Phase estimation for thermal Gaussian states. Phys. Rev. A 79, 033834 (2009)ADSCrossRef Aspachs, M., Calsamiglia, J., Muñoz Tapia, R., Bagan, E.: Phase estimation for thermal Gaussian states. Phys. Rev. A 79, 033834 (2009)ADSCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Nation, P.D., Blencowe, M.P., Rimberg, A.J., Buks, E.: Analogue Hawking radiation in a dc-SQUID array transmission line. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 087004 (2009)ADSCrossRef Nation, P.D., Blencowe, M.P., Rimberg, A.J., Buks, E.: Analogue Hawking radiation in a dc-SQUID array transmission line. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 087004 (2009)ADSCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Weinfurtner, S., Tedford, E.W., Penrice, M.C.J., Unruh, W.G., Lawrence, G.A.: Measurement of stimulated Hawking emission in an analogue system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 021302 (2011)ADSCrossRef Weinfurtner, S., Tedford, E.W., Penrice, M.C.J., Unruh, W.G., Lawrence, G.A.: Measurement of stimulated Hawking emission in an analogue system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 021302 (2011)ADSCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Aspachs, M., Adesso, G., Fuentes, I.: Measurement of stimulated Hawking emission in an analogue system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 151301 (2010)ADSCrossRef Aspachs, M., Adesso, G., Fuentes, I.: Measurement of stimulated Hawking emission in an analogue system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 151301 (2010)ADSCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Wasilewski, W., Jensen, K., Krauter, H., Renema, J.J., Balabas, M.V., Polzik, E.S.: Quantum noise limited and entanglement-assisted magnetometry. Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 133601 (2010)ADSCrossRef Wasilewski, W., Jensen, K., Krauter, H., Renema, J.J., Balabas, M.V., Polzik, E.S.: Quantum noise limited and entanglement-assisted magnetometry. Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 133601 (2010)ADSCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Cai, J., Plenio, M.B.: Chemical compass model for avian magnetoreception as a quantum coherent device. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 230503 (2013)ADSCrossRef Cai, J., Plenio, M.B.: Chemical compass model for avian magnetoreception as a quantum coherent device. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 230503 (2013)ADSCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Monras, A., Illuminati, F.: Measurement of damping and temperature: Precision bounds in Gaussian dissipative channels. Phys. Rev. A 83, 012315 (2011)ADSCrossRef Monras, A., Illuminati, F.: Measurement of damping and temperature: Precision bounds in Gaussian dissipative channels. Phys. Rev. A 83, 012315 (2011)ADSCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Correa, L.A., Mehboudi, M., Adesso, G., Sanpera, A.: Individual quantum probes for optimal thermometry. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 220405 (2015)ADSCrossRef Correa, L.A., Mehboudi, M., Adesso, G., Sanpera, A.: Individual quantum probes for optimal thermometry. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 220405 (2015)ADSCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Boss, J., Cujia, K., Zopes, J., Degen, C.: Quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution. Science 356, 837 (2017)ADSCrossRef Boss, J., Cujia, K., Zopes, J., Degen, C.: Quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution. Science 356, 837 (2017)ADSCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Einstein, A., Podolsky, B., Rosen, N.: Can quantum-mechanical description of physical reality be considered complete? Phys. Rev. 47, 777 (1935)ADSCrossRef Einstein, A., Podolsky, B., Rosen, N.: Can quantum-mechanical description of physical reality be considered complete? Phys. Rev. 47, 777 (1935)ADSCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Hill, S., Wootters, W.K.: Entanglement of a pair of quantum bits. Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 5022 (1997)ADSCrossRef Hill, S., Wootters, W.K.: Entanglement of a pair of quantum bits. Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 5022 (1997)ADSCrossRef
22.
23.
go back to reference Ollivier, H., Zurek, W.H.: Quantum discord: a measure of the quantumness of correlations. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 017901 (2001)ADSCrossRef Ollivier, H., Zurek, W.H.: Quantum discord: a measure of the quantumness of correlations. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 017901 (2001)ADSCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Mancino, L., Cavina, V., De Pasquale, A., Sbroscia, M., Booth, R.I., Roccia, E., Gianani, I., Giovannetti , V., Barbieri, M.: Geometrical bounds on irreversibility in open quantum systems. arXiv:1801.05188 Mancino, L., Cavina, V., De Pasquale, A., Sbroscia, M., Booth, R.I., Roccia, E., Gianani, I., Giovannetti , V., Barbieri, M.: Geometrical bounds on irreversibility in open quantum systems. arXiv:​1801.​05188
25.
go back to reference Paris, M.G.A.: Quantum estimation for quantum technology. Int. J. Quantum Inf. 07, 125 (2009)CrossRef Paris, M.G.A.: Quantum estimation for quantum technology. Int. J. Quantum Inf. 07, 125 (2009)CrossRef
26.
27.
go back to reference Kay, S.M.: Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Estimation Theory. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1993)MATH Kay, S.M.: Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Estimation Theory. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1993)MATH
28.
go back to reference Holevo, A.S.: Statistical Structure of Quantum Theory, Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 61. Springer, Berlin (2001)CrossRef Holevo, A.S.: Statistical Structure of Quantum Theory, Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 61. Springer, Berlin (2001)CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Genoni, M.G., Paris, M.G.A., Adesso, G., Nha, H., Knight, P.L., Kim, M.S.: Optimal estimation of joint parameters in phase space. Phys. Rev. A 87, 012107 (2013)ADSCrossRef Genoni, M.G., Paris, M.G.A., Adesso, G., Nha, H., Knight, P.L., Kim, M.S.: Optimal estimation of joint parameters in phase space. Phys. Rev. A 87, 012107 (2013)ADSCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Humphreys, P.C., Barbieri, M., Datta, A., Walmsley, I.A.: Quantum enhanced multiple phase estimation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 070403 (2013)ADSCrossRef Humphreys, P.C., Barbieri, M., Datta, A., Walmsley, I.A.: Quantum enhanced multiple phase estimation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 070403 (2013)ADSCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Liu, J., Jing, X., Wang, X.: Phase-matching condition for enhancement of phase sensitivity in quantum metrology. Phys. Rev. A 88, 042316 (2013)ADSCrossRef Liu, J., Jing, X., Wang, X.: Phase-matching condition for enhancement of phase sensitivity in quantum metrology. Phys. Rev. A 88, 042316 (2013)ADSCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Yuen, H., Lax, M.: Multiple-parameter quantum estimation and measurement of nonselfadjoint observables. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 19, 740 (1973)MathSciNetCrossRef Yuen, H., Lax, M.: Multiple-parameter quantum estimation and measurement of nonselfadjoint observables. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 19, 740 (1973)MathSciNetCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Matsumoto, K.: When is an input state always better than the others?: Universally optimal input states for statistical inference of quantum channels (2012). arXiv:1209.2392 Matsumoto, K.: When is an input state always better than the others?: Universally optimal input states for statistical inference of quantum channels (2012). arXiv:​1209.​2392
35.
go back to reference Řháček, J., Hradil, Z., Koutný, D., Grover, J., Krzic, A., Sánchez-Soto, L.L.: Optimal measurements for quantum spatial superresolution. Phy. Rev. A 98, 012103 (2018)ADSCrossRef Řháček, J., Hradil, Z., Koutný, D., Grover, J., Krzic, A., Sánchez-Soto, L.L.: Optimal measurements for quantum spatial superresolution. Phy. Rev. A 98, 012103 (2018)ADSCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Ragy, S., Jarzyna, M., Demkowicz-Dobrzański, R.: Compatibility in multiparameter quantum metrology. Phys. Rev. A 94, 052108 (2016)ADSCrossRef Ragy, S., Jarzyna, M., Demkowicz-Dobrzański, R.: Compatibility in multiparameter quantum metrology. Phys. Rev. A 94, 052108 (2016)ADSCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Spagnolo, N., Aparo, L., Vitelli, C., Crespi, A., Ramponi, R., Osellame, R., Mataloni, P., Sciarrino, F.: Quantum interferometry with three-dimensional geometry. Sci. Rep. 2, 862 (2012)ADSCrossRef Spagnolo, N., Aparo, L., Vitelli, C., Crespi, A., Ramponi, R., Osellame, R., Mataloni, P., Sciarrino, F.: Quantum interferometry with three-dimensional geometry. Sci. Rep. 2, 862 (2012)ADSCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Zhang, L., Chan, K.W.C.: Quantum multiparameter estimation with generalized balanced multimode NOON-like states. Phys. Rev. A 95, 032321 (2017)ADSCrossRef Zhang, L., Chan, K.W.C.: Quantum multiparameter estimation with generalized balanced multimode NOON-like states. Phys. Rev. A 95, 032321 (2017)ADSCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Cheng, J.: Quantum metrology for simultaneously estimating the linear and nonlinear phase shifts. Phys. Rev. A 90, 063838 (2014)ADSCrossRef Cheng, J.: Quantum metrology for simultaneously estimating the linear and nonlinear phase shifts. Phys. Rev. A 90, 063838 (2014)ADSCrossRef
40.
41.
go back to reference Rivas, Á., Luis, A.: Precision quantum metrology and nonclassicality in linear and nonlinear detection schemes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 010403 (2010)ADSCrossRef Rivas, Á., Luis, A.: Precision quantum metrology and nonclassicality in linear and nonlinear detection schemes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 010403 (2010)ADSCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Li, N., Luo, S.: Entanglement detection via quantum Fisher information. Phys. Rev. A 88, 014301 (2013)ADSCrossRef Li, N., Luo, S.: Entanglement detection via quantum Fisher information. Phys. Rev. A 88, 014301 (2013)ADSCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Girolami, D., Souza, A.M., Giovannetti, V., Tufarelli, T., Filgueiras, J.G., Sarthour, R.S., Soares-Pinto, D.O., Oliveira, I.S., Adesso, G.: Quantum discord determines the interferometric power of quantum states. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 210401 (2014)ADSCrossRef Girolami, D., Souza, A.M., Giovannetti, V., Tufarelli, T., Filgueiras, J.G., Sarthour, R.S., Soares-Pinto, D.O., Oliveira, I.S., Adesso, G.: Quantum discord determines the interferometric power of quantum states. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 210401 (2014)ADSCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Zhang, G.F.: Thermal entanglement and teleportation in a two-qubit Heisenberg chain with Dzyaloshinski–Moriya anisotropic antisymmetric interaction. Phys. Rev. A 75, 034304 (2007)ADSCrossRef Zhang, G.F.: Thermal entanglement and teleportation in a two-qubit Heisenberg chain with Dzyaloshinski–Moriya anisotropic antisymmetric interaction. Phys. Rev. A 75, 034304 (2007)ADSCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Schacke, K.: On the Kronecker product. Master’s thesis, University of Waterloo (2004) Schacke, K.: On the Kronecker product. Master’s thesis, University of Waterloo (2004)
47.
go back to reference Banchi, L., Giorda, P., Zanardi, P.: Quantum information-geometry of dissipative quantum phase transitions. Phys. Rev. E 89, 022102 (2014)ADSCrossRef Banchi, L., Giorda, P., Zanardi, P.: Quantum information-geometry of dissipative quantum phase transitions. Phys. Rev. E 89, 022102 (2014)ADSCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Šafránek, D.: Simple expression for the quantum Fisher information matrix. Phys. Rev. A. 97, 042322 (2018)ADSCrossRef Šafránek, D.: Simple expression for the quantum Fisher information matrix. Phys. Rev. A. 97, 042322 (2018)ADSCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Matsumoto, K.: A new approach to the Cramér–Rao-type bound of the pure-state model. J. Phys. A Math. Gen. 35, 3111 (2002)ADSCrossRef Matsumoto, K.: A new approach to the Cramér–Rao-type bound of the pure-state model. J. Phys. A Math. Gen. 35, 3111 (2002)ADSCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Crowley, P.J., Datta, A., Barbieri, M., Walmsley, I.A.: Tradeoff in simultaneous quantum-limited phase and loss estimation in interferometry. Phys. Rev. A. 89, 023845 (2014)ADSCrossRef Crowley, P.J., Datta, A., Barbieri, M., Walmsley, I.A.: Tradeoff in simultaneous quantum-limited phase and loss estimation in interferometry. Phys. Rev. A. 89, 023845 (2014)ADSCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Korepin, V.E., Bogoliubov, N.M., Izergin, A.G.: Quantum Inverse Scattering Method and Correlation Functions, pp. 63–79. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993)CrossRef Korepin, V.E., Bogoliubov, N.M., Izergin, A.G.: Quantum Inverse Scattering Method and Correlation Functions, pp. 63–79. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993)CrossRef
53.
54.
go back to reference Kamta, G.L., Starace, A.F.: Anisotropy and magnetic field effects on the entanglement of a two qubit Heisenberg \(XY\) chain. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 107901 (2002)ADSCrossRef Kamta, G.L., Starace, A.F.: Anisotropy and magnetic field effects on the entanglement of a two qubit Heisenberg \(XY\) chain. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 107901 (2002)ADSCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Ha, Z.N.C.: Quantum Many-Body Systems in One Dimension. World Scientific, Singapore (1996)CrossRef Ha, Z.N.C.: Quantum Many-Body Systems in One Dimension. World Scientific, Singapore (1996)CrossRef
56.
go back to reference DiVincenzo, D.P., Bacon, D., Kempe, J., Burkard, G., Whaley, K.B.: Universal quantum computation with the exchange interaction. Nature 408, 339 (2000)ADSCrossRef DiVincenzo, D.P., Bacon, D., Kempe, J., Burkard, G., Whaley, K.B.: Universal quantum computation with the exchange interaction. Nature 408, 339 (2000)ADSCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Loss, D., DiVincenzo, D.P.: Quantum computation with quantum dots. Phys. Rev. A 57, 120 (1998)ADSCrossRef Loss, D., DiVincenzo, D.P.: Quantum computation with quantum dots. Phys. Rev. A 57, 120 (1998)ADSCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Imamoglu, A., Awschalom, D.D., Burkard, G., DiVincenzo, D.P., Loss, D., Sherwin, M., Small, A.: Quantum information processing using quantum dot spins and cavity QED. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4204 (1999)ADSCrossRef Imamoglu, A., Awschalom, D.D., Burkard, G., DiVincenzo, D.P., Loss, D., Sherwin, M., Small, A.: Quantum information processing using quantum dot spins and cavity QED. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4204 (1999)ADSCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Raussendorf, R., Briegel, H.J.: A one-way quantum computer. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5188 (2001)ADSCrossRef Raussendorf, R., Briegel, H.J.: A one-way quantum computer. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5188 (2001)ADSCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Ye, E.J., Hu, Z.D., Wu, W.: Scaling of quantum Fisher information close to the quantum phase transition in the XY spin chain. Phys. B Condens. Matter 502, 151–154 (2016)ADSCrossRef Ye, E.J., Hu, Z.D., Wu, W.: Scaling of quantum Fisher information close to the quantum phase transition in the XY spin chain. Phys. B Condens. Matter 502, 151–154 (2016)ADSCrossRef
61.
go back to reference Prussing, J.E.: The principal minor test for semidefinite matrices. J. Guidance Control Dyn. 9, 121–122 (1986)ADSCrossRef Prussing, J.E.: The principal minor test for semidefinite matrices. J. Guidance Control Dyn. 9, 121–122 (1986)ADSCrossRef
62.
go back to reference Slaoui, A., Daoud, M., Ahl Laamar, R.: The dynamics of local quantum uncertainty and trace distance discord for two-qubit \(X\) states under decoherence: a comparative study. Quantum Inf. Process. 17, 178 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Slaoui, A., Daoud, M., Ahl Laamar, R.: The dynamics of local quantum uncertainty and trace distance discord for two-qubit \(X\) states under decoherence: a comparative study. Quantum Inf. Process. 17, 178 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
63.
go back to reference Slaoui, A., Shaukat, M.I., Daoud, M., Ahl Laamara, R.: Universal evolution of non-classical correlations due to collective spontaneous emission. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 133, 413 (2018)CrossRef Slaoui, A., Shaukat, M.I., Daoud, M., Ahl Laamara, R.: Universal evolution of non-classical correlations due to collective spontaneous emission. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 133, 413 (2018)CrossRef
64.
go back to reference Kim, S., Li, L., Kumar, A., Wu, J.: Characterizing nonclassical correlations via local quantum Fisher information. Phys. Rev. A 97, 032326 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Kim, S., Li, L., Kumar, A., Wu, J.: Characterizing nonclassical correlations via local quantum Fisher information. Phys. Rev. A 97, 032326 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
65.
go back to reference Krishnamoorthy, A., Menon, D.: Matrix inversion using Cholesky decomposition. In: SPA, pp. 70–72. IEEE (2013) Krishnamoorthy, A., Menon, D.: Matrix inversion using Cholesky decomposition. In: SPA, pp. 70–72. IEEE (2013)
Metadata
Title
Quantum Fisher information matrix in Heisenberg XY model
Authors
L. Bakmou
A. Slaoui
M. Daoud
R. Ahl Laamara
Publication date
01-06-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Quantum Information Processing / Issue 6/2019
Print ISSN: 1570-0755
Electronic ISSN: 1573-1332
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-019-2282-x

Other articles of this Issue 6/2019

Quantum Information Processing 6/2019 Go to the issue