Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.
Select sections of text to find matching patents with Artificial Intelligence.
powered by
Select sections of text to find additional relevant content using AI-assisted search.
powered by
Abstract
The present work aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) via green template addition using glutinous rice (GR) in combination with sol-gel route under various calcination temperatures (500–900 °C). The physicochemical properties of GR-HAp were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The utilization of GR as template in HAp synthesis resulted in the formation of GR-HAp particles that are less crystalline. Surface morphology revealed discrete, rod-shaped GR-HAp particles were formed at low calcination temperature (500–600 °C), while larger particles were formed as temperature was increased. Results confirmed that higher calcination temperature led to the transformation of HAp into various phases including β-Ca3(PO4)2, CaO, and β-NaCa(PO4). In addition, the formation of smaller, elongated GR-HAp particles with diameter of 75–180 nm and homogenous particle size distribution was attained at 900 °C. The antibacterial activity was evaluated via disc diffusion method against four Gram-positive bacteria including B. cereus, B. subtilis, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis, and two Gram-negative bacteria including E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The GR-HAp powder calcined at 900 °C showed strong antibacterial performance against all bacterial strains with inhibition zones ranging from 11.66–16.66 mm, which indicates its suitability to be utilized as a material in biomedical applications.
