Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
Published in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 23/2017

23-08-2017

Synthesis and characterization of conjugated polymers containing bromide side chain

Authors: Xiang Gao, Jiulin Shen, Bingbing Chen, Zhitian Liu, Qi Zhang

Published in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics | Issue 23/2017

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

A series of copolymers PC8DTBT-x (x denotes the content of brominated units) were achieved by varying the amount of the brominated carbazole. The chemical structures, electrochemical properties, optical properties and photovoltaic performance of these copolymers were well characterized. The bromide side chains don’t influent the frontier orbital levels of the conjugated polymers. The absorption coefficiency and fluorescence spectra of copolymers can be changed by the content of bromide units. Higher open circuit voltage and higher fill factor were observed in the organic solar cells using bromide-unit containing copolymers as the donor materials. When the content of bromide units reached 30%, higher absorption coefficiency and higher power conversion efficiency were achieved.
previous article Nanocomposite of ZIF-67 metal–organic framework with reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for high-performance supercapacitor applications
next article The microstructure, insulating and dielectric characteristics of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 thin films: role of precursor solution

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
Literature
1.
C. Liu, K. Wang, X. Gong, A.J. Heeger, Low bandgap semiconducting polymers for polymeric photovoltaics. Chem. Soc. Rev. 45(17), 4825–4846 (2016)CrossRef
2.
S. Hu, X. Bao, Z. Liu, T. Wang, Z. Du, S. Wen et al., Benzothiadiazole[1,2-b:4,3-b′]dithiophene, a new ladder-type multifused block: synthesis and photovoltaic application. Org. Electron. 15(12), 3601–3608 (2014)CrossRef
3.
Z. Hu, X-d Li, W. Zhang, A. Liang, D. Ye, Z. Liu et al., Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of solution-processable star-shaped small molecules with triphenylamine as the core and alkyl cyanoacetate or 3-ethylrhodanine as the end-group. RSC Adv. 4(11), 5591–5597 (2014)CrossRef
4.
T. Jia, Q. Hou, K. Xiong, Q. Li, L. Hou, Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b′]thiophene-based conjugated copolymers with a pendent acceptor. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 25(4), 1639–1646 (2014)CrossRef
5.
Y. Xie, Z. Peng, T. Jia, H. Zhang, Q. Hou, S. Luo et al., Triphenylamine–thiazolothiazole–benzodithiophene based conjugated copolymers for polymer solar cells. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 27(5), 4705–4710 (2016)CrossRef
6.
D. Zhou, K. Chen, X. Zhong, M. Li, Y. Qin, Y. Zhao, Novel benzo(1,2-b:4,5-b’)dithiophene-based donor–acceptor conjugated polymes for polymer solar cells. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 27(9), 9920–9928 (2016)CrossRef
7.
M. Liu, Y. Gao, Y. Zhang, Z. Liu, L. Zhao, Quinoxaline-based conjugated polymers for polymer solar cells. Polym. Chem. (2017). doi:10.​1039/​C7PY00850C
8.
Y. Gao, M. Liu, Y. Zhang, Z. Liu, Y. Yang, L. Zhao, Recent development on narrow bandgap conjugated polymers for polymer solar cells. Polymers 9(2), 39 (2017)CrossRef
9.
X. Gao, Y. Zhang, C. Fang, X. Cai, B. Hu, G. Tu, Efficient deep-red electroluminescent donor-acceptor copolymers based on 6,7-dichloroquinoxaline. Org. Electron. 46, 276–282 (2017)CrossRef
10.
Z. Liu, L. Zhang, X. Gao, L. Zhang, Q. Zhang, J. Chen, Highly efficient green PLED based on triphenlyaminesilole-carbazole-fluorene copolymers with TPBI as the hole blocking layer. Dyes Pigments 127, 155–160 (2016)CrossRef
11.
Z. Liu, L. Zhang, X. Gao, Q. Zhang, J. Chen, Synthesis and characterization of novel polymers containing aminophenylsilole. Polym. J. 48(6), 723–728 (2016)CrossRef
12.
D. Ding, J. Wang, Z. Du, F. Li, W. Chen, F. Liu et al., A novel naphthyl side-chained benzodithiophene polymer for efficient photovoltaic cells with a high fill factor of 75%. J. Mater. Chem. A 5(21), 10430–10436 (2017)CrossRef
13.
M. Fan, Z. Du, W. Chen, D. Liu, S. Wen, M. Sun et al., Benzodithiophene-based polymers containing alkylthiophenyl side chains with lowered HOMO energy levels for organic solar cells. Asian J. Org. Chem. 5(10), 1273–1279 (2016)CrossRef
14.
K. Zhang, X-y Liu, B-w Xu, Y. Cui, M-l Sun, J.-H. Hou, High-performance fullerene-free polymer solar cells with solution-processed conjugated polymers as anode interfacial layer. Chin. J. Polym. Sci. 35(2), 219–229 (2017)CrossRef
15.
J. Zhu, S. Li, X. Liu, H. Yao, F. Wang, S. Zhang et al., Subtle side-chain tuning on terminal groups of small molecule electron acceptors for efficient fullerene-free polymer solar cells. J. Mater. Chem. A 5(29), 15175–15182 (2017)CrossRef
16.
J.U. Lee, J.W. Jung, T. Emrick, T.P. Russell, W.H. Jo, Synthesis of C60-end capped P3HT and its application for high performance of P3HT/PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cells. J. Mater. Chem. 20(16), 3287–3294 (2010)CrossRef
17.
S. Rajaram, P.B. Armstrong, B.J. Kim, JMJ Fréchet, Effect of addition of a diblock copolymer on blend morphology and performance of poly(3-hexylthiophene):perylene diimide solar cells. Chem. Mater. 21(9), 1775–1777 (2009)CrossRef
18.
Q. Wang, B. Zhang, L. Liu, Y. Chen, Y. Qu, X. Zhang et al., Effect of end groups on optoelectronic properties of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene): a study with hexadecylfluorenes as model polymers. J. Phys. Chem. C 116(41), 21727–21733 (2012)CrossRef
19.
S. Asaoka, N. Takeda, T. Iyoda, A.R. Cook, J.R. Miller, Electron and hole transport to trap groups at the ends of conjugated polyfluorenes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130(36), 11912–11920 (2008)CrossRef
20.
S. Kappaun, H. Scheiber, R. Trattnig, E. Zojer, EJW List, C. Slugovc, Defect chemistry of polyfluorenes: identification of the origin of “interface defects” in polyfluorene based light-emitting devices. Chem. Commun. 41(41), 5170–5172 (2008)CrossRef
21.
X. Chen, H.-E. Tseng, J.-L. Liao, S.-A. Chen, Green emission from end-group-enhanced aggregation in polydioctylfluorene. J. Phys. Chem. B 109(37), 17496–17502 (2005)CrossRef
22.
X. Gong, W. Ma, J.C. Ostrowski, K. Bechgaard, G.C. Bazan, A.J. Heeger et al., End-capping as a method for improving carrier injection in electrophosphorescent light-emitting diodes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 14(4), 393–397 (2004)CrossRef
23.
J.K. Park, J. Jo, J.H. Seo, J.S. Moon, Y.D. Park, K. Lee et al., End-capping effect of a narrow bandgap conjugated polymer on bulk heterojunction solar cells. Adv. Mater. 23(21), 2430–2435 (2011)CrossRef
24.
T. Miteva, A. Meisel, W. Knoll, H.G. Nothofer, U. Scherf, D.C. Müller et al., Improving the performance of polyfluorene-based organic light-emitting diodes via end-capping. Adv. Mater. 13(8), 565–570 (2001)CrossRef
25.
J.S. Kim, Y. Lee, J.H. Lee, J.H. Park, J.K. Kim, K. Cho, High-efficiency organic solar cells based on end-functional-group-modified poly(3-hexylthiophene). Adv. Mater. 22(12), 1355–1360 (2010)CrossRef
26.
C. Shim, M. Kim, S.-G. Ihn, Y.S. Choi, Y. Kim, K. Cho, Controlled nanomorphology of PCDTBT-fullerene blends via polymer end-group functionalization for high efficiency organic solar cells. Chem. Commun. 48(57), 7206–7208 (2012)CrossRef
27.
Y. Kim, S. Cook, J. Kirkpatrick, J. Nelson, J.R. Durrant, DDC Bradley et al., Effect of the end group of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) polymers on the performance of polymer/fullerene solar cells. J. Phys. Chem. C 111(23), 8137–8141 (2007)CrossRef
28.
K.-Y. Pu, Z. Fang, B. Liu, Effect of charge density on energy-transfer properties of cationic conjugated polymers. Adv Funct. Mater. 18(8), 1321–1328 (2008)CrossRef
29.
Z. He, C. Zhong, X. Huang, W.-Y. Wong, H. Wu, L. Chen et al., Simultaneous enhancement of open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and fill factor in polymer solar cells. Adv. Mater. 23(40), 4636–4643 (2011)CrossRef
30.
H. Wu, F. Huang, Y. Mo, W. Yang, D. Wang, J. Peng et al., Efficient electron injection from a bilayer cathode consisting of aluminum and alcohol-/water-soluble conjugated polymers. Adv. Mater. 16(20), 1826–1830 (2004)CrossRef
31.
R. Yang, H. Wu, Y. Cao, G.C. Bazan, Control of cationic conjugated polymer performance in light emitting diodes by choice of counterion. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128(45), 14422–14423 (2006)CrossRef
32.
J.H. Seo, A. Gutacker, Y. Sun, H. Wu, F. Huang, Y. Cao et al., Improved high-efficiency organic solar cells via incorporation of a conjugated polyelectrolyte interlayer. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133(22), 8416–8419 (2011)CrossRef
33.
X. Zhu, Y. Xie, X. Li, X. Qiao, L. Wang, G. Tu, Anionic conjugated polyelectrolyte-wetting properties with an emission layer and free ion migration when serving as a cathode interface layer in polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs). J. Mater. Chem. 22(31), 15490–15494 (2012)CrossRef
34.
G. Tu, H. Li, M. Forster, R. Heiderhoff, L.J. Balk, R. Sigel et al., Amphiphilic conjugated block copolymers: synthesis and solvent-selective photoluminescence quenching. Small 3(6), 1001–1006 (2007)CrossRef
35.
U. Scherf, A. Gutacker, N. Koenen, All-conjugated block copolymers. Acc. Chem. Res. 41(9), 1086–1097 (2008)CrossRef
36.
G. Griffini, J.D. Douglas, C. Piliego, T.W. Holcombe, S. Turri, JMJ Fréchet et al., Long-term thermal stability of high-efficiency polymer solar cells based on photocrosslinkable donor-acceptor conjugated polymers. Adv. Mater. 23(14), 1660–1664 (2011)CrossRef
37.
B.J. Kim, Y. Miyamoto, B. Ma, JMJ Fréchet, Photocrosslinkable polythiophenes for efficient, thermally stable, organic photovoltaics. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(14), 2273–2281 (2009)CrossRef
38.
J.E. Carle, B. Andreasen, T. Tromholt, M.V. Madsen, K. Norrman, M. Jorgensen et al., Comparative studies of photochemical cross-linking methods for stabilizing the bulk hetero-junction morphology in polymer solar cells. J. Mater. Chem. 22(46), 24417–24423 (2012)CrossRef
39.
X. Chen, L. Chen, Y. Chen, The effect of photocrosslinkable groups on thermal stability of bulk heterojunction solar cells based on donor–acceptor-conjugated polymers. J. Polym. Sci. A 51(19), 4156–4166 (2013)CrossRef
40.
D. Qian, Q. Xu, X. Hou, F. Wang, J. Hou, Tan Za. Stabilization of the film morphology in polymer: fullerene heterojunction solar cells with photocrosslinkable bromine-functionalized low-bandgap copolymers. J. Polym. Sci. A 51(15), 3123–3131 (2013)CrossRef
41.
M. Lanzi, E. Salatelli, F.P. Di-Nicola, L. Zuppiroli, F. Pierini, A new photocrosslinkable oligothiophene for organic solar cells with enhanced stability. Mater. Chem. Phys. 186, 98–107 (2016)CrossRef
42.
R. Qin, W. Li, C. Li, C. Du, C. Veit, H.-F. Schleiermacher et al., A planar copolymer for high efficiency polymer solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131(41), 14612–14613 (2009)CrossRef
43.
A.W. Freeman, M. Urvoy, M.E. Criswell, Triphenylphosphine-mediated reductive cyclization of 2-nitrobiphenyls: a practical and convenient synthesis of carbazoles. J. Org. Chem. 70(13), 5014–5019 (2005)CrossRef
44.
A. Tomkeviciene, J.V. Grazulevicius, V. Jankauskas, High hole mobilities in the amorphous films of 2,7-di(9-carbazolyl)-9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole. Chem. Lett. 37(3), 344–345 (2008)CrossRef
45.
Y. Fu, Z. Bo, Synthesis, optical, and electrochemical properties of the high-molecular-weight conjugated polycarbazoles. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 26(21), 1704–1710 (2005)CrossRef
46.
M. Helgesen, S.A. Gevorgyan, F.C. Krebs, RAJ Janssen, Substituted 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole- and thiophene-based polymers for solar cells: introducing a new thermocleavable precursor. Chem Mater 21(19), 4669–4675 (2009)CrossRef
47.
J. Hu, D. Zhang, S. Jin, SZD Cheng, F.W. Harris, Synthesis and properties of planar liquid-crystalline bisphenazines. Chem. Mater. 16(24), 4912–4915 (2004)CrossRef
48.
J. Bouffard, T.M. Swager, Fluorescent conjugated polymers that incorporate substituted 2,1,3-benzooxadiazole and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole units. Macromolecules 41(15), 5559–5562 (2008)CrossRef
49.
Y. Zhong, J. Ma, K. Hashimoto, K. Tajima, Electric field-induced dipole switching at the donor/acceptor interface in organic solar cells. Adv. Mater. 25(7), 1071–1075 (2013)CrossRef
50.
Y. Yuan, T.J. Reece, P. Sharma, S. Poddar, S. Ducharme, A. Gruverman et al., Efficiency enhancement in organic solar cells with ferroelectric polymers. Nat. Mater. 10(4), 296–302 (2011)CrossRef
51.
J.M. Lobez, T.L. Andrew, V. Bulović, T.M. Swager, Improving the performance of P3HT–fullerene solar cells with side-chain-functionalized poly(thiophene) additives: a new paradigm for polymer design. ACS Nano 6(4), 3044–3056 (2012)CrossRef
52.
A. Tada, Y. Geng, Q. Wei, K. Hashimoto, K. Tajima, Tailoring organic heterojunction interfaces in bilayer polymer photovoltaic devices. Nat. Mater. 10(6), 450–455 (2011)CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Synthesis and characterization of conjugated polymers containing bromide side chain
Authors
Xiang Gao
Jiulin Shen
Bingbing Chen
Zhitian Liu
Qi Zhang
Publication date
23-08-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics / Issue 23/2017
Print ISSN: 0957-4522
Electronic ISSN: 1573-482X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-7748-y

Other articles of this Issue 23/2017

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 23/2017 Go to the issue

OriginalPaper

Improving the thermal stability and phase change speed in Sb70Se30 films through Er doping

OriginalPaper

Coinage metal (Ag, Cu) decorated BiFeO3 nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and their photocatalysis properties

OriginalPaper

Facile and scalable synthesis of hierarchically porous graphene architecture for hydrogen storage and high-rate supercapacitors

OriginalPaper

Synthesis, characterizations and photovoltaic properties of Cr-doped CdS QDs

OriginalPaper

Ultrafine nanoparticles of Bi2WO6/NiWO4 exhibiting high photocatalytic degradation toward Rh B

OriginalPaper

Effect of excess Bi content on electrical properties of BiFe0.95Cr0.05O3 thin films