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06-11-2015 | Original Paper

The thermal stability of nanocellulose and its acetates with different degree of polymerization

Authors: Melissa B. Agustin, Fumiaki Nakatsubo, Hiroyuki Yano

Published in: Cellulose | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Geared towards reinforcing thermoplastics of high melting points with nanocellulose, this study evaluated the factors affecting the thermal properties of and the thermal stabilizing effect of acetylation on nanocellulose with different average degree of polymerization (DP_v) from bacterial cellulose (BC). Cellulose nanocrystals with DP_v values of 300 and 500 were prepared by hydrolyzing BC nanofibers with a DP_v of 1100 using hydrochloric acid. The thermal stability decreased after acid hydrolysis and showed a decreasing trend with decreasing DP_v. The decrease in thermal stability is attributed to the increase in the number of reducing ends (REs) with decreasing DP_v. Heterogeneous acetylation to an average degree of substitution of 0.38 improved the thermal stability, and the degree of improvement increased with decreasing DP_v. The dependence of the degree of improvement on the DP_v is attributed to possible protection of the REs by more stable acetyl groups. The influence of protecting the REs on the degree of improvement in thermal stability was further confirmed by sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) reduction. The findings suggest that the thermal stabilization caused by acetylation to nanocellulose with small DP_v is a combined effect of protecting both the surface OH and the REs; while for nanocellulose with high DP_v, the thermal stabilization caused by acetylation is mainly due to protection of the surface OH.

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Title: The thermal stability of nanocellulose and its acetates with different degree of polymerization
Authors: Melissa B. Agustin
Fumiaki Nakatsubo
Hiroyuki Yano
Publication date: 06-11-2015
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cellulose / Issue 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Electronic ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-015-0813-x

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