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Journal of Nanoparticle Research

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01-11-2020 | Research paper

Colloidal stability and aggregation kinetics of nanocrystal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in aqueous systems: effects of pH and organic ligands

Authors: Chunyan Li, Asra Hassan, Marcell Palmai, Preston T. Snee, Philippe C. Baveye, Christophe J. G. Darnault

Published in: Journal of Nanoparticle Research | Issue 11/2020

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Abstract

Advancing the understanding of stability behavior and aggregation mechanisms of quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles in natural systems is fundamental to elucidate their fate and transport, bioavailability, environmental toxicity, and subsequent risks to environmental and public health. This study investigates the aggregation kinetics and colloidal stability of QDs as a function of pH and organic ligands—acetate, oxalate, and citrate. Results indicated an influence of solution chemistry upon both the aggregation kinetics and colloidal stability of QDs. The zeta potential of QDs, with a point of zero charge (pH_PZC) between pH 1.5 and 3.5, decreased (from positive to negative) with increasing solution pH. The diameter of QD aggregates was ~500 nm in the region of pH_PZC and decreased with pH when pH > pH_PZC to 40–50 nm. Organic ligands enhanced the negative zeta potentials of QDs at pH = 1.5 and pH = 3.5. The impact of ligands on the levels and rates of aggregation was pH dependent; furthermore, the presence of ligands increased the diameters of all QD nanoaggregates at pH 3.5 (e.g., 817 nm for 0.001 M citrate). QDs and organic ligand-QD nanoparticle complexes remained stable across pH values 5–9. In terms of environmental and toxicological risk assessments, results revealed that QDs and organic ligand-QD nanoparticle complexes remain stable across a significant range of pH values (5–9), indicating that this stability behavior could enhance the mobility, transport, and residence time of QDs in terrestrial and aqueous environments, and facilitate the bioavailability of QDs, therefore augmenting the adverse effects of QDs in the environment.

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Title: Colloidal stability and aggregation kinetics of nanocrystal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in aqueous systems: effects of pH and organic ligands
Authors: Chunyan Li
Asra Hassan
Marcell Palmai
Preston T. Snee
Philippe C. Baveye
Christophe J. G. Darnault
Publication date: 01-11-2020
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Journal of Nanoparticle Research / Issue 11/2020
Print ISSN: 1388-0764
Electronic ISSN: 1572-896X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-020-05080-6

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