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2017 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

13. Die Förderung der fluiden Intelligenz bei Beschäftigten als Voraussetzung für Gesundheit und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit

Author : Michael Falkenstein

Published in: HR-Exzellenz

Publisher: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

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Zusammenfassung

Moderne Arbeit fordert von den Beschäftigten ein hohes Maß an Motivation, Flexibilität und Lernfähigkeit. Hierfür sind bestimmte mentale (kognitive) Fähigkeiten notwendig, die unter dem Begriff „fluide Intelligenz“ subsumiert werden. Besonders wichtig sind hierbei die exekutiven Kontrollfunktionen. Die fluide Intelligenz und insbesondere die Kontrollfunktionen nehmen jedoch mit zunehmendem Alter insgesamt ab. Diese Abnahme ist interindividuell sehr unterschiedlich, da sie durch vielfältige umwelt- und arbeitsbezogene sowie individuelle Faktoren beeinflusst wird. Im Kontext eines ganzheitlichen betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements sollte sowohl an arbeitsbezogenen als auch an individuellen Faktoren angesetzt werden, um die fluide Intelligenz und damit die Beschäftigungsfähigkeit Älterer zu fördern. Verhältnispräventive Maßnahmen sind eine geeignete Gestaltung der Arbeit sowie eine Schulung von Führungskräften. Individuelle Maßnahmen sind gesunde Ernährung, Stressmanagementtraining, sportliche Aktivität sowie kognitives Training. Kognitives Training sollte bevorzugt durch gut ausgewählte, PC-basierte Programme erfolgen, da diese dynamisch und adaptiv und dadurch hoch motivierend sind. Insbesondere durch die Kombination von kognitivem und Stressmanagementtraining lassen sich kognitive Potenziale bei älteren Beschäftigten fördern und dadurch ihre mentale Gesundheit und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit nachhaltig verbessern.

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Footnotes
1
Das Projekt PFIFF (Projekt zur Förderung und zum Erhalt Intellektueller Fähigkeiten für ältere Arbeitnehmer) beinhaltete zum einen die Identifikation der wesentlichen Einflussfaktoren auf die mentale Entwicklung mit zunehmendem Alter, zum anderen ein gezieltes Training mentaler Funktionen bei älteren Beschäftigten mit ungünstiger Arbeit (BAuA 2012; Freude et al. 2008; Gajewski 2016).
 
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Metadata
Title
Die Förderung der fluiden Intelligenz bei Beschäftigten als Voraussetzung für Gesundheit und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit
Author
Michael Falkenstein
Copyright Year
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-14725-9_13

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