Top

Published in:

28-12-2023 | ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effect of Post-treatments on the Thermomechanical Behavior of NiTiHf High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloy Fabricated with Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Authors: Timothée Cullaz, Mohammadreza Nematollahi, Keyvan Safaei, Luc Saint-Sulpice, Laurent Pino, Saeedeh Vanaei, Parastoo Jamshidi, Moataz Attallah, Othmane Benafan, Shabnam Arbab Chirani, Mohammad Elahinia

Published in: Shape Memory and Superelasticity | Issue 1/2024

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Despite increasing interest in Nickel Titanium-based high-temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMAs), machining challenges and limited functionality at elevated temperatures hinder their application in aerospace, energy, and automotive industries. Additive manufacturing, including laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and subsequent treatments, addresses these obstacles. Employing LPBF, we processed a Ni _50.4TiHf₂₀ HTSMA, maintaining a constant volume energy density of 64 J/mm³. Laser powers of 100 W and 200 W, with scanning speeds of 400 mm/s and 800 mm/s, respectively, were chosen for dense, defect-minimized parts. Process parameter effects on thermomechanical properties were assessed. Post-processing steps (HIP, solution treatment, aging) further enhanced properties. HIP proved more effective for 200 W samples. (Ti/Hf)-rich oxide inclusions formed during processing, impacting phase transformation temperatures. Aging treatments improved strain recovery, attributed to H-phase precipitate strengthening. After heat treatment, 100 W and 200 W samples exhibited 2.33% and 2.10% actuation strain, with negligible and near-zero residual strains.

previous article On the Impact of γ´ Precipitates on the Transformation Temperatures in Fe–Ni–Co–Al–Ti–B Shape Memory Alloy Wires

next article Ultra-High Temperature Shape Memory Behavior in Ni–Ti–Hf Alloys

Elahinia M et al (2018) Additive manufacturing of NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloy. Scr Mater 145:90–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.10.016CrossRef

Karaca HE et al (2013) Effects of nanoprecipitation on the shape memory and material properties of an Ni-rich NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloy. Acta Mater 61(19):7422–7431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.08.048CrossRef

Van Humbeeck (2012) Shape memory alloys with high transformation temperatures. In: Materials Research Bulletin, Proceedings of the IFFM2011 (2011 International Forum on Functional Materials) and AFM-2 (2nd Special Symposium on Advances in Functional Materials) 47(10):2966–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.04.118.

Kirmacioglu KE, Kaynak Y, Benafan O (2019) Machinability of Ni-rich NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloy. Smart Mater Struct 28(5):055008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/ab02a2CrossRef

Zhang M et al (2022) Tailoring the superelasticity of NiTi alloy fabricated by directed energy deposition through the variation of residual stress. Mater Dess 224:111311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111311CrossRef

Parvizi S et al (2021) Effective parameters on the final properties of NiTi-based alloys manufactured by powder metallurgy methods: a review. Prog Mater Sci 117:100739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100739CrossRef

Alagha AN, Hussain S, Zaki W (2021) Additive manufacturing of shape memory alloys: a review with emphasis on powder bed systems. Mater Des 204:109654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2021.109654CrossRef

Saedi S et al (2016) Thermomechanical characterization of Ni-rich NiTi fabricated by selective laser melting. Smart Mater Struct 25(3):035005. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/3/035005CrossRef

Saedi S et al (2018) On the effects of selective laser melting process parameters on microstructure and thermomechanical response of Ni-rich NiTi. Acta Mater 144:552–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2017.10.072CrossRef

10.

Ren Q et al (2022) Effect of a constant laser energy density on the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of NiTi shape memory alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion. Opt Laser Technol 152:108182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2022.108182CrossRef

11.

Khademzadeh S et al (2020) Quality enhancement of microstructure and surface topography of NiTi parts produced by laser powder bed fusion. CIRP J Manuf Sci Technol 31:575–582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2020.08.009CrossRef

12.

Khanlari K et al (2021) Effects of printing volumetric energy densities and post-processing treatments on the microstructural properties, phase transformation temperatures and hardness of near-equiatomic NiTinol parts fabricated by a laser powder bed fusion technique. Intermetallics 131:107088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2021.107088CrossRef

13.

Guo W et al (2022) Effect of laser scanning speed on the microstructure, phase transformation and mechanical property of NiTi alloys fabricated by LPBF. Mater Des 215:110460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110460CrossRef

14.

Sabahi N et al (2020) A review on additive manufacturing of shape-memory materials for biomedical applications. JOM 72(3):1229–1253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04013-xCrossRef

15.

Hou H et al (2019) Fatigue-resistant high-performance elastocaloric materials made by additive manufacturing. Science 366(6469):1116–1121. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax7616CrossRefPubMed

16.

Lauhoff C et al (2020) Additive manufacturing of Co-Ni-Ga high-temperature shape memory alloy: processability and phase transformation behavior. Metall Mater Trans A 51(3):1056–1061. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-019-05608-zCrossRef

17.

Lauhoff C et al (2020) Excellent superelasticity in a Co-Ni-Ga high-temperature shape memory alloy processed by directed energy deposition. Mater Res Lett 8:314–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2020.1756495CrossRef

18.

Li W et al (2020) The combined influence of grain size distribution and dislocation density on hardness of interstitial free steel. J Mater Sci Technol 45:35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2019.11.025CrossRef

19.

Nematollahi M et al (2020) Laser powder bed fusion of NiTiHf high-temperature shape memory alloy: effect of process parameters on the thermomechanical behavior. Metals 10(11):1522. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10111522CrossRef

20.

Toker GP et al (2020) Shape memory behavior of NiTiHf alloys fabricated by selective laser melting. Scr Mater 178:361–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2019.11.056CrossRef

21.

Nematollahi M et al (2019) Additive manufacturing of Ni-Rich NiTiHf20: manufacturability, composition, density, and transformation behavior. Shape Memory Superelasticity 5(1):113–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-019-00214-9CrossRef

22.

Dabbaghi H, Safaei K, Nematollahi M, Bayati P, Elahinia M (2020) Additively manufactured NiTi and NiTiHf alloys: estimating service life in high-temperature oxidation. Materials 13(9):2104. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092104CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

23.

Karakoc O, Hayrettin C, Canadinc D, Karaman I (2018) Role of applied stress level on the actuation fatigue behavior of NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloys. Acta Mater 153:156–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.04.021CrossRef

24.

Bassini E et al (2022) Effects of the solution and first aging treatment applied to as-built and post-HIP CM247 produced via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). J Alloy Compd 905:164213CrossRef

25.

Oliveira JP, Schell N, Zhou N, Wood L, Benafan O (2019) Laser welding of precipitation strengthened Ni-rich NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloys: microstructure and mechanical properties. Mater Des 162:229–234CrossRef

26.

Shen J et al (2021) In-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis of the elastic behaviour of martensite and H-phase in a NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion. Addit Manuf Lett 1:100003CrossRef

27.

Benafan O (2012) Deformation and phase transformation processes in polycrystalline NiTi and NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloys

28.

Olier P et al (1997) Effects of impurities content (oxygen, carbon, nitrogen) on microstructure and phase transfSormation temperatures of near equiatomic TiNi shape memory alloys. J. Phy. IV 07:C5-143–C5-148. https://doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1997522.

29.

Jamshidi P, Panwisawas C, Langi E, Cox SC, Feng J, Zhao L, Attallah MM (2022) Development, characterisation, and modelling of processability of nitinol stents using laser powder bed fusion. J. Alloys Compds. 909:164681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.164681CrossRef

30.

Han Q et al (2018) Laser powder bed fusion of Hastelloy X: Effects of hot isostatic pressing and the hot cracking mechanism. Mater Sci Eng A 732:228–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.07.008CrossRef

31.

Benafan O et al (2021) Processing and scalability of NiTiHf high-temperature shape memory alloys. Shape Memory Superelasticity 7(1):109–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-020-00306-xCrossRef

32.

Marattukalam JJ et al (2018) Effect of heat treatment on microstructure, corrosion, and shape memory characteristics of laser deposited NiTi alloy. J Alloy Compd 744:337–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.01.174CrossRef

33.

Xue L et al (2021) Controlling martensitic transformation characteristics in defect-free NiTi shape memory alloys fabricated using laser powder bed fusion and a process optimization framework. Acta Mater 215:117017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117017CrossRef

34.

Karbakhsh Ravari B, Farjami S, Nishida M (2014) Effects of Ni concentration and aging conditions on multistage martensitic transformation in aged Ni-rich TiNi alloys. Acta Mater 69:17–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2014.01.028CrossRef

35.

Yang F, Coughlin DR, Phillips PJ, Yang L, Devaraj A, Kovarik L, Noebe RD, Mills MJ (2013) Structure analysis of a precipitate phase in an Ni-rich high-temperature nitihf shape memory alloy. Acta Mater 61(9):3335–3346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.02.023CrossRef

36.

Meng XL et al (2006) Effect of aging on martensitic transformation and microstructure in Ni-rich TiNiHf shape memory alloy. Scr Mater 54:1599–1604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.01.017CrossRef

37.

Sadrnezhaad SK, Mashhadi F, Sharghi R (1997) Heat treatment of Ni-Ti alloy for improvement of shape memory effect. Mater Manuf Process 12:107–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426919708935124CrossRef

38.

Sehitoglu H, Wu Y, Patriarca L, Li G, Ojha A, Zhang S, Chumlyakov Y, Nishida M (2017) Superelasticity and shape memory behavior of NiTiHf alloys. Shape Memory Superelasticity 3(2):168–187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-017-0108-1CrossRef

39.

Kockar B et al (2006) A method to enhance cyclic reversibility of NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloys. Scr Mater 54(12):2203–2208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.02.029CrossRef

40.

Saghaian SM et al (2016) Tensile shape memory behavior of Ni50.3Ti29.7Hf20 high temperature shape memory alloys. Mater Des 101:340–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.03.163CrossRef

41.

Frenzel J, George EP, Dlouhy A, Somsen Ch, Wagner MF-X, Eggeler G (2010) Influence of Ni on martensitic phase transformations in NiTi shape memory alloys. Acta Mater 58(9):3444–3458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2010.02.019CrossRef

42.

Santamarta R et al (2013) TEM study of structural and microstructural characteristics of a precipitate phase in Ni-rich NiTiHf and NiTiZr shape memory alloys. Acta Mater 61(16):6191–6206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.06.057CrossRef

43.

Bigelow GS et al (2011) Load-biased shape-memory and superelastic properties of a precipitation strengthened high-temperature Ni50.3Ti29.7Hf20 alloy. Scripta Mater 64(8):725–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.12.028CrossRef

Title: Effect of Post-treatments on the Thermomechanical Behavior of NiTiHf High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloy Fabricated with Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Timothée Cullaz
Mohammadreza Nematollahi
Keyvan Safaei
Luc Saint-Sulpice
Laurent Pino
Saeedeh Vanaei
Parastoo Jamshidi
Moataz Attallah
Othmane Benafan
Shabnam Arbab Chirani
Mohammad Elahinia
Publication date: 28-12-2023
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Shape Memory and Superelasticity / Issue 1/2024
Print ISSN: 2199-384X
Electronic ISSN: 2199-3858
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-023-00472-8

Springer Professional

Effect of Post-treatments on the Thermomechanical Behavior of NiTiHf High-Temperature Shape Memory Alloy Fabricated with Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Abstract

Premium Partners

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Other articles of this Issue 1/2024

Effects of Point Defects on the Monoclinic Angle of the B19″ Phase in NiTi-Based Shape Memory Alloys

On the Impact of γ´ Precipitates on the Transformation Temperatures in Fe–Ni–Co–Al–Ti–B Shape Memory Alloy Wires

Ultra-High Temperature Shape Memory Behavior in Ni–Ti–Hf Alloys

Registration Is Now Open for SMST 2024!

Magnetic Field-Induced Martensitic Phase Transition in Cr-Substituted Ni–Mn–Sb + B Shape Memory Alloys

A Brief Review on Discrete Modelling of Martensitic Phase Transformations

Premium Partners