Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 7/2024

10-05-2023 | Technical Article

Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of an In Situ 2 wt.% TiB2-Reinforced 6061 Al Matrix Composite

Authors: Chaohang Jia, Zuo Xu, Yongfei Li, Yanming He, Honglei Liu, Zhihua Zhu, Haifeng Liu, Chunhai Liu

Published in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance | Issue 7/2024

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In order to investigate the hot deformation behavior of an in situ 2 wt.% TiB2-reinforced 6061 Al matrix composite (hereafter labeled as TiB2/6061 Al composite), hot compression tests were conducted over the deformation temperatures of 300-500 °C and the strain rates of 0.001-10 s−1. The flow stress of the TiB2/6061 Al composite decreases with the deformation temperature increasing and strain rate decreasing during the hot compression process. The Arrhenius constitutive equation with the activation energy to be 335.6 kJ mol−1 was constructed to characterize the flow stress behavior. Hot compression can effectively eliminate the casting void defects of the studied composite and significantly improve the distribution of TiB2 particles in the composite matrix. The existence of TiB2 particles in the studied composite can result in inadequate dynamic recrystallization, and T6 heat treatment can control the microstructure of the hot deformed TiB2/6061 Al composite.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference V.K. Lindroos and M.J. Talvitie, Recent Advances in Metal Matrix Composites, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 1995, 53(1), p 273–273. CrossRef V.K. Lindroos and M.J. Talvitie, Recent Advances in Metal Matrix Composites, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 1995, 53(1), p 273–273. CrossRef
2.
go back to reference X.R. Chen, D.F. Fu, J. Teng, and H. Zhang, Hot Deformation Behavior and Mechanism of Hybrid Aluminum-Matrix Composites Reinforced with Micro-SiC and Nano-TiB2, J. Alloy. Compd., 2018, 753, p 566–575. CrossRef X.R. Chen, D.F. Fu, J. Teng, and H. Zhang, Hot Deformation Behavior and Mechanism of Hybrid Aluminum-Matrix Composites Reinforced with Micro-SiC and Nano-TiB2, J. Alloy. Compd., 2018, 753, p 566–575. CrossRef
3.
go back to reference L. Ceschini, G. Minak, and A. Morri, Forging of the AA2618/20 vol.% Al2O3p Composite: Effects on Microstructure and Tensile Properties, Compos Sci Technol, 2009, 69(11–12), p 1783–1789. CrossRef L. Ceschini, G. Minak, and A. Morri, Forging of the AA2618/20 vol.% Al2O3p Composite: Effects on Microstructure and Tensile Properties, Compos Sci Technol, 2009, 69(11–12), p 1783–1789. CrossRef
4.
go back to reference C.S. Ramesh, S. Pramod, and R. Keshavamurthy, A Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al 6061-TiB2 In-Situ Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2011, 528(12), p 4125–4132. CrossRef C.S. Ramesh, S. Pramod, and R. Keshavamurthy, A Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al 6061-TiB2 In-Situ Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2011, 528(12), p 4125–4132. CrossRef
5.
go back to reference C. Menapace, L. Fioretta, G. Straffelini, L. Canevari, and S. Sannicolo, Microstructural Characterisation and Hot Deformation Behaviour of AA6082 Al Alloy Produced by Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Casting, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2020, 29(4), p 2667–2678. CrossRef C. Menapace, L. Fioretta, G. Straffelini, L. Canevari, and S. Sannicolo, Microstructural Characterisation and Hot Deformation Behaviour of AA6082 Al Alloy Produced by Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Casting, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2020, 29(4), p 2667–2678. CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Y. Pazhouhanfar and B. Eghbali, Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of TiB2 Reinforced Al6061 Matrix Composites Produced Using Stir Casting Process, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2018, 710, p 172–180. CrossRef Y. Pazhouhanfar and B. Eghbali, Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of TiB2 Reinforced Al6061 Matrix Composites Produced Using Stir Casting Process, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2018, 710, p 172–180. CrossRef
7.
go back to reference M. Soliman, A. El-Sabbagh, M. Taha, and H. Palkowski, Hot Deformation Behavior of 6061 and 7108 Al-SiCp Composites, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2013, 22(5), p 1331–1340. CrossRef M. Soliman, A. El-Sabbagh, M. Taha, and H. Palkowski, Hot Deformation Behavior of 6061 and 7108 Al-SiCp Composites, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2013, 22(5), p 1331–1340. CrossRef
8.
go back to reference S.N. Chou, H.H. Lu, D.F. Lii, and J.L. Huang, Processing and Physical Properties of Al2O3/Aluminum Alloy Composites, Ceram. Int., 2009, 35(1), p 7–12. CrossRef S.N. Chou, H.H. Lu, D.F. Lii, and J.L. Huang, Processing and Physical Properties of Al2O3/Aluminum Alloy Composites, Ceram. Int., 2009, 35(1), p 7–12. CrossRef
9.
go back to reference S.M.S. Reihani, Processing of Squeeze Cast A16061–30 vol.% SiC Composites and Their Characterization, Mater. Des., 2006, 27(3), p 216–222. CrossRef S.M.S. Reihani, Processing of Squeeze Cast A16061–30 vol.% SiC Composites and Their Characterization, Mater. Des., 2006, 27(3), p 216–222. CrossRef
10.
go back to reference H. Mindivan, Reciprocal Sliding Wear Behaviour of B4C Particulate Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Composites, Mater. Lett., 2010, 64(3), p 405–407. CrossRef H. Mindivan, Reciprocal Sliding Wear Behaviour of B4C Particulate Reinforced Aluminum Alloy Composites, Mater. Lett., 2010, 64(3), p 405–407. CrossRef
11.
go back to reference I.H. Song, D.K. Kim, Y.D. Hahn, and H.D. Kim, The Effect of a Dilution Agent on the Dipping Exothermic Reaction Process for Fabricating a High-Volume TiC-Reinforced Aluminum Composite, Scr. Mater., 2003, 48(4), p 413–418. CrossRef I.H. Song, D.K. Kim, Y.D. Hahn, and H.D. Kim, The Effect of a Dilution Agent on the Dipping Exothermic Reaction Process for Fabricating a High-Volume TiC-Reinforced Aluminum Composite, Scr. Mater., 2003, 48(4), p 413–418. CrossRef
12.
go back to reference K.K. Wang, X.P. Li, Q.L. Li, G.G. Shu, and G.Y. Tang, Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of Particulate Reinforced AA6061/B4C Composite During Compression at Elevated Temperature, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2017, 696, p 248–256. CrossRef K.K. Wang, X.P. Li, Q.L. Li, G.G. Shu, and G.Y. Tang, Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of Particulate Reinforced AA6061/B4C Composite During Compression at Elevated Temperature, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2017, 696, p 248–256. CrossRef
13.
go back to reference R.S. Jiang, X.F. Chen, R.W. Ge, W.H. Wang, and G.D. Song, Influence of TiB2 Particles on Machinability and Machining Parameter Optimization of TiB2/Al MMCs, Chin. J. Aeronaut., 2018, 31(1), p 187–196. CrossRef R.S. Jiang, X.F. Chen, R.W. Ge, W.H. Wang, and G.D. Song, Influence of TiB2 Particles on Machinability and Machining Parameter Optimization of TiB2/Al MMCs, Chin. J. Aeronaut., 2018, 31(1), p 187–196. CrossRef
14.
go back to reference H.Y. Xiao, Y.G. Li, J.W. Geng, H.P. Li, and H.W. Wang, Effects of Nano-Sized TiB2 Particles and Al3Zr Dispersoids on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Based Materials, T. Nonferr. Metal. Soc., 2021, 31(8), p 2189–2207. CrossRef H.Y. Xiao, Y.G. Li, J.W. Geng, H.P. Li, and H.W. Wang, Effects of Nano-Sized TiB2 Particles and Al3Zr Dispersoids on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Based Materials, T. Nonferr. Metal. Soc., 2021, 31(8), p 2189–2207. CrossRef
15.
go back to reference S. Kumar, M. Chakraborty, V.S. Sarma, and B.S. Murty, Tensile and Wear Behaviour of In Situ Al-7Si/TiB2 Particulate Composites, Wear, 2008, 265(1–2), p 134–142. CrossRef S. Kumar, M. Chakraborty, V.S. Sarma, and B.S. Murty, Tensile and Wear Behaviour of In Situ Al-7Si/TiB2 Particulate Composites, Wear, 2008, 265(1–2), p 134–142. CrossRef
16.
go back to reference S. Lakshmi, L. Lu, and M. Gupta, In Situ Preparation of TiB2 Reinforced Al Based Composites, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 1998, 73(1–3), p 160–166. CrossRef S. Lakshmi, L. Lu, and M. Gupta, In Situ Preparation of TiB2 Reinforced Al Based Composites, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 1998, 73(1–3), p 160–166. CrossRef
17.
go back to reference L. Lu, M.O. Lai, Y. Su, H.L. Teo, and C.F. Feng, In Situ TiB2 Reinforced Al Alloy Composites, Scr. Mater., 2001, 45(9), p 1017–1023. CrossRef L. Lu, M.O. Lai, Y. Su, H.L. Teo, and C.F. Feng, In Situ TiB2 Reinforced Al Alloy Composites, Scr. Mater., 2001, 45(9), p 1017–1023. CrossRef
18.
go back to reference S. Gopalakrishnan and N. Murugan, Production and Wear Characterisation of AA 6061 Matrix Titanium Carbide Particulate Reinforced Composite by Enhanced Stir Casting Method, Compos. Pt. B-Eng., 2012, 43(2), p 302–308. CrossRef S. Gopalakrishnan and N. Murugan, Production and Wear Characterisation of AA 6061 Matrix Titanium Carbide Particulate Reinforced Composite by Enhanced Stir Casting Method, Compos. Pt. B-Eng., 2012, 43(2), p 302–308. CrossRef
19.
go back to reference J.J.M. Hillary, R. Ramamoorthi, J.D.J. Joseph, and C.S.J. Samuel, A Study on Microstructural Effect and Mechanical Behaviour of Al6061-5%SiC-TiB2 Particulates Reinforced Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites, J. Compos Mater., 2020, 54(17), p 2327–2337. CrossRef J.J.M. Hillary, R. Ramamoorthi, J.D.J. Joseph, and C.S.J. Samuel, A Study on Microstructural Effect and Mechanical Behaviour of Al6061-5%SiC-TiB2 Particulates Reinforced Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites, J. Compos Mater., 2020, 54(17), p 2327–2337. CrossRef
20.
go back to reference R. Palanivel, I. Dinaharan, R.F. Laubscher, and J.P. Davim, Influence of Boron Nitride Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Wear Behavior of AA6082/TiB2 Hybrid Aluminum Composites Synthesized by Friction Stir Processing, Mater. Des., 2016, 106, p 195–204. CrossRef R. Palanivel, I. Dinaharan, R.F. Laubscher, and J.P. Davim, Influence of Boron Nitride Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Wear Behavior of AA6082/TiB2 Hybrid Aluminum Composites Synthesized by Friction Stir Processing, Mater. Des., 2016, 106, p 195–204. CrossRef
21.
go back to reference N. He, J.X. Zhang, Y. Jin, F. Han, X. Zhang, and G. Chen, Preparation, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of in-situ TiB2/Al Composites by Mechanical Stirring and Subsequent Ultrasonic Treatment, Mater. Res. Express, 2019, 6(11), p 13. CrossRef N. He, J.X. Zhang, Y. Jin, F. Han, X. Zhang, and G. Chen, Preparation, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of in-situ TiB2/Al Composites by Mechanical Stirring and Subsequent Ultrasonic Treatment, Mater. Res. Express, 2019, 6(11), p 13. CrossRef
22.
go back to reference A. Hirose, M. Hasegawa, and K.F. Kobayashi, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of TiB2 Particle Reinforced TiAl Composites by Plasma arc Melting Process, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 1997, 239–240(1), p 46–54. CrossRef A. Hirose, M. Hasegawa, and K.F. Kobayashi, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of TiB2 Particle Reinforced TiAl Composites by Plasma arc Melting Process, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 1997, 239–240(1), p 46–54. CrossRef
23.
go back to reference C.Y. Dan, Z. Chen, M.H. Mathon, G. Ji, L.W. Li, Y. Wu, F. Brisset, L. Guo, H.W. Wang, and V. Ji, Cold Rolling Texture Evolution of TiB2 Particle Reinforced Al-based Composites by Neutron Diffraction and EBSD Analysis, Mater. Charact., 2018, 136, p 293–301. CrossRef C.Y. Dan, Z. Chen, M.H. Mathon, G. Ji, L.W. Li, Y. Wu, F. Brisset, L. Guo, H.W. Wang, and V. Ji, Cold Rolling Texture Evolution of TiB2 Particle Reinforced Al-based Composites by Neutron Diffraction and EBSD Analysis, Mater. Charact., 2018, 136, p 293–301. CrossRef
24.
go back to reference A. Chidambaram, S.B. Prabu, and K.A. Padmanabhan, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA6061–5 wt %TiB2 In-Situ Metal Matrix Composite Subjected to Equal Channel Angular Pressing, Mater Sci Eng A, 2019, 759, p 762–769. CrossRef A. Chidambaram, S.B. Prabu, and K.A. Padmanabhan, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA6061–5 wt %TiB2 In-Situ Metal Matrix Composite Subjected to Equal Channel Angular Pressing, Mater Sci Eng A, 2019, 759, p 762–769. CrossRef
26.
go back to reference H.E. Hu, X.Y. Wang, and L. Deng, Comparative Study of Hot-Processing Maps for 6061 Aluminium Alloy Constructed from Power Constitutive Equation and Hyperbolic Sine Constitutive Equation, Mater. Sci. Tech-lond., 2014, 30(11), p 1321–1327. CrossRef H.E. Hu, X.Y. Wang, and L. Deng, Comparative Study of Hot-Processing Maps for 6061 Aluminium Alloy Constructed from Power Constitutive Equation and Hyperbolic Sine Constitutive Equation, Mater. Sci. Tech-lond., 2014, 30(11), p 1321–1327. CrossRef
27.
go back to reference C.H. Jia, C.X. Liu, Y.C. Liu, C. Li, and H.J. Li, Microstructural Evolution and Constitutive Models of 9CrMoCoB Heat-Resistant Steel During high-Temperature Deformation, J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2019, 26(11), p 12. CrossRef C.H. Jia, C.X. Liu, Y.C. Liu, C. Li, and H.J. Li, Microstructural Evolution and Constitutive Models of 9CrMoCoB Heat-Resistant Steel During high-Temperature Deformation, J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 2019, 26(11), p 12. CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Y.C. Lin and X.M. Chen, A Critical Review of Experimental Results and Constitutive Descriptions for Metals and Alloys in Hot Working, Mater. Des., 2011, 32(4), p 1733–1759. CrossRef Y.C. Lin and X.M. Chen, A Critical Review of Experimental Results and Constitutive Descriptions for Metals and Alloys in Hot Working, Mater. Des., 2011, 32(4), p 1733–1759. CrossRef
29.
go back to reference F. Zhou, J. Lee, and E.J. Lavernia, Grain Growth Kinetics of a Mechanically Milled Nanocrystalline Al, Scr. Mater., 2001, 44(8–9), p 2013–2017. CrossRef F. Zhou, J. Lee, and E.J. Lavernia, Grain Growth Kinetics of a Mechanically Milled Nanocrystalline Al, Scr. Mater., 2001, 44(8–9), p 2013–2017. CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Y.L. Li, W.X. Wang, J. Zhou, and H.S. Chen, Hot Deformation Behaviors and Processing Maps of B4C/Al6061 Neutron Absorber Composites, Mater. Charact., 2017, 124, p 107–116. CrossRef Y.L. Li, W.X. Wang, J. Zhou, and H.S. Chen, Hot Deformation Behaviors and Processing Maps of B4C/Al6061 Neutron Absorber Composites, Mater. Charact., 2017, 124, p 107–116. CrossRef
31.
go back to reference H. Li, H. Wang, M. Zeng, X. Liang, and H. Liu, Forming Behavior and Workability of 6061/B4Cp Composite During hot Deformation, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2011, 71(6), p 925–930. CrossRef H. Li, H. Wang, M. Zeng, X. Liang, and H. Liu, Forming Behavior and Workability of 6061/B4Cp Composite During hot Deformation, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2011, 71(6), p 925–930. CrossRef
32.
go back to reference H.J. Mcqueen, S. Yue, N.D. Ryan, and E. Fry, Hot Working Characteristics of Steels in Austenitic State, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 1995, 53(1–2), p 293–310. CrossRef H.J. Mcqueen, S. Yue, N.D. Ryan, and E. Fry, Hot Working Characteristics of Steels in Austenitic State, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 1995, 53(1–2), p 293–310. CrossRef
33.
go back to reference X.H. Fan, M. Li, D.Y. Li, Y.C. Shao, S.R. Zhang, and Y.H. Peng, Dynamic Recrystallisation and Dynamic Precipitation in AA6061 Aluminium Alloy During Hot Deformation, Mater. Sci. Technol., 2014, 30(11), p 1263–1272. CrossRef X.H. Fan, M. Li, D.Y. Li, Y.C. Shao, S.R. Zhang, and Y.H. Peng, Dynamic Recrystallisation and Dynamic Precipitation in AA6061 Aluminium Alloy During Hot Deformation, Mater. Sci. Technol., 2014, 30(11), p 1263–1272. CrossRef
34.
go back to reference G. Ganesan, K. Raghukandan, R. Karthikeyan, and B.C. Pai, Development of Processing Maps for 6061 Al/15% SiCp Composite Material, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2004, 369(1–2), p 230–235. CrossRef G. Ganesan, K. Raghukandan, R. Karthikeyan, and B.C. Pai, Development of Processing Maps for 6061 Al/15% SiCp Composite Material, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2004, 369(1–2), p 230–235. CrossRef
35.
go back to reference S.P. Liu, D.F. Li and S.L. Guo, Critical Conditions of Dynamic Recrystallization for B4Cp/6061Al Composite, Rare Metal Mat. Eng., 2017, 46(7), p 1815–1820. CrossRef S.P. Liu, D.F. Li and S.L. Guo, Critical Conditions of Dynamic Recrystallization for B4Cp/6061Al Composite, Rare Metal Mat. Eng., 2017, 46(7), p 1815–1820. CrossRef
36.
go back to reference B. Inem, Dynamic Recrystallization in a Thermomechanically Processed Metal Matrix Composite, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 1995, 197(1), p 91–95. CrossRef B. Inem, Dynamic Recrystallization in a Thermomechanically Processed Metal Matrix Composite, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 1995, 197(1), p 91–95. CrossRef
37.
go back to reference N.U. Tariq, L. Gyansah, X. Qiu, C.N. Jia, H. Bin Awais, C.W. Zheng, H. Du, J.Q. Wang, and T.Y. Xiong, Achieving Strength-Ductility Synergy in Cold Spray Additively Manufactured Al/B4C Composites Through a Hybrid Post-Deposition Treatment, J Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(6), p 1053–1063. CrossRef N.U. Tariq, L. Gyansah, X. Qiu, C.N. Jia, H. Bin Awais, C.W. Zheng, H. Du, J.Q. Wang, and T.Y. Xiong, Achieving Strength-Ductility Synergy in Cold Spray Additively Manufactured Al/B4C Composites Through a Hybrid Post-Deposition Treatment, J Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(6), p 1053–1063. CrossRef
38.
go back to reference H. Wang, H.M. Zhang, Z.S. Cui, Z. Chen, and D. Chen, Compressive Response and Microstructural Evolution of In-Situ TiB2 Particle-Reinforced 7075 Aluminum Matrix Composite, T. Nonferr. Metal. Soc., 2021, 31(5), p 1235–1248. CrossRef H. Wang, H.M. Zhang, Z.S. Cui, Z. Chen, and D. Chen, Compressive Response and Microstructural Evolution of In-Situ TiB2 Particle-Reinforced 7075 Aluminum Matrix Composite, T. Nonferr. Metal. Soc., 2021, 31(5), p 1235–1248. CrossRef
39.
go back to reference G. Chen, H.Y. Geng, X.H. Ji, P.Y. Xu, X. Li, and H.M. Zhang, Investigation of the Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of TiB2+TiAl3/2024Al Composite, J Alloy Compd, 2023, 933, p 167765. CrossRef G. Chen, H.Y. Geng, X.H. Ji, P.Y. Xu, X. Li, and H.M. Zhang, Investigation of the Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of TiB2+TiAl3/2024Al Composite, J Alloy Compd, 2023, 933, p 167765. CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Hot Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of an In Situ 2 wt.% TiB2-Reinforced 6061 Al Matrix Composite
Authors
Chaohang Jia
Zuo Xu
Yongfei Li
Yanming He
Honglei Liu
Zhihua Zhu
Haifeng Liu
Chunhai Liu
Publication date
10-05-2023
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance / Issue 7/2024
Print ISSN: 1059-9495
Electronic ISSN: 1544-1024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-023-08226-4

Other articles of this Issue 7/2024

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 7/2024 Go to the issue

Premium Partners