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Published in:
01-08-2014
Improvement of the critical current density in Bi-2223 ceramics by sodium–silver co-doping
Published in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics | Issue 8/2014
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Abstract
Bi1.46Pb0.36Ag0.18Sr2Ca3Cu4−xNaxOy (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.25) samples were prepared by a conventional solid state reaction method. The prepared samples are characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscope, dc electrical resistivity and magnetic-hysteresis loop measurements. It has been shown that the Na doping in low contents significantly improves the physical properties of Bi-2223 phase. Magnetic hysteresis measurements have shown that the largest hysteresis curve belongs to Bi1.46Pb0.36Ag0.18Sr2Ca3Cu3.95Na0.05Oy sample including x = 0.05 Na content, indicating that it has best flux pinning capability in samples produced in this work. In addition, Jc values of the samples were calculated from the hysteresis loop measurement by using the Bean’s model showing that Jc increases with small amounts of sodium–silver co-doping.