Top

Polymer Bulletin

Published in:

12-11-2021 | Original Paper

In situ grafting approach for preparing PLA/PHBV degradable blends with improved mechanical properties

Authors: Jiaying Gong, Zhe Qiang, Jie Ren

Published in: Polymer Bulletin | Issue 11/2022

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

A one-step reactive extrusion process has been demonstrated to toughen the poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blend without sacrificing its mechanical strength and degradability. Specifically, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), and the peroxide initiator were first introduced into the mixer and then heated at the elevated temperatures for triggering the grafting reaction during the extrusion. During this process, the thermal decomposition of PHBV results in the unsaturated bonds that can directly grafted onto the PLA backbones by free radical reactions. From this study, we found that PLA/PHBV blend with a mass ratio of 80/20 (PLA/PHBV) and 0.3 wt% 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane (DBPH) is an optimized condition, leading to an improved elongation at break of 15.95%, which is 3.1 times of the PLA and 1.5 times of the PLA/PHBV blend without the initiator, while tensile strength exhibited very limited decreased compared to PLA. Overall, this work presents an environmentally friendly and industrial feasible approach to prepare bio-based toughened PLA for improving the elongation at break, while retaining the tensile strength and degradability.

previous article Recyclable palladium-catalyzed synthesis of new cardo poly(amide-imide)s from diiodo imides, aromatic diamines containing cardo groups, and carbon monoxide

next article Development of mesoporous foam based on dicarboxylic cellulose and graphene oxide for potential oil/water separation

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Available only for authorised users

Guzdemir OO, Bermudez V, Kanhere S, Ogale AA (2020) Melt-spun poly(lactic acid) fibers modified with soy fillers: toward environment-friendly disposable nonwovens. Polym Eng Sci 60:1158–1168. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.25369CrossRef

Pan G, Xu H, Ma B, Wizi J, Yang Y (2018) Polylactide fibers with enhanced hydrolytic and thermal stability via complete stereo-complexation of poly(l-lactide) with high molecular weight of 600000 and lower-molecular-weight poly(d-lactide). J Mater Sci 53:5490–5500. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1944-2CrossRef

Jayanth D, Kumar PS, Nayak GC, Kumar JS, Pal SK, Rajasekar R (2018) A review on biodegradable polymeric materials striving towards the attainment of green environment. J Polym Environ 26:838–865. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-017-0985-6CrossRef

Muthuraj R, Misra M, Mohanty AK (2018) Biodegradable compatibilized polymer blends for packaging applications: a literature review. J Appl Polym Sci 135:45726. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.45726CrossRef

Thulasisingh A, Kumar K, Yamunadevi B, Poojitha N, SuhailMadharHanif S, Kannaiyan S (2021) Biodegradable packaging materials. Polym Bull. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03767-xCrossRef

Scaffaro R, Maio A, Sutera F, Gulino EF, Morreale M (2019) Degradation and recycling of films based on biodegradable polymers: a short review. Polymers 11:651. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11040651CrossRefPubMedCentral

Larranaga A, Lizundia E (2019) A review on the thermomechanical properties and biodegradation behaviour of polyesters. Eur Polymer J 121:109296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109296CrossRef

Nofar M, Sacligil D, Carreau PJ, Kamal MR, Heuzey MC (2018) Poly (lactic acid) blends: processing, properties and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 125:307–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.002CrossRefPubMed

Purnama P, Lim SH, Kim JSH (2012) Stereocomplex-nanocomposite formation of polylactide/fluorinated-clay with superior thermal property using supercritical fluid. Macromol Res 20:545–548. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-012-0092-4CrossRef

10.

Farah S, Anderson DG, Langer R (2016) Physical and mechanical properties of PLA, and their functions in widespread applications—a comprehensive review. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 107:367–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2016.06.012CrossRefPubMed

11.

Masutani K, Kobayashi K, Kimura Y, Lee CW (2018) Properties of stereo multi-block polylactides obtained by chain-extension of stereo tri-block polylactides consisting of poly(L-lactide) and poly(D-lactide). J Polym Res 25:74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-018-1444-3CrossRef

12.

Murariu M, Dubois P (2016) PLA composites: from production to properties. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 107:17–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.003CrossRefPubMed

13.

Chalermpanaphan V, Choochottiros C (2021) Synthesis of unsaturated aliphatic polyester-based copolymer: effect on the ductility of PLA blend and crosslink. Polym Bull. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03596-yCrossRef

14.

Zhou Y, Wang J, Cai SY, Wang ZG, Zhang NW, Ren J (2018) Effect of POE-g-GMA on mechanical, rheological and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)/poly(propylene carbonate) blends. Polym Bull 75:5437–5454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-018-2339-5CrossRef

15.

Tebaldi ML, Chaves Maia AL, Poletto F, de Andrade FV, Ferreira Soares DC (2019) Poly(-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV): current advances in synthesis methodologies, antitumor applications and biocompatibility. J Drug Delivery Sci Technol 51:115–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2019.02.007CrossRef

16.

Goonoo N, Bhaw-Luximon A, Passanha P, Esteves SR, Jhurry D (2017) Third generation poly(hydroxyacid) composite scaffolds for tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res Part B-Appl Biomater 105:1667–1684. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.33674CrossRef

17.

Rivera-Briso AL, Serrano-Aroca A (2018) Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate): enhancement strategies for advanced applications. Polymers 10:732. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10070732CrossRefPubMedCentral

18.

Ling C, Qiao GQ, Shuai BW, Song KN, Yao WX, Jiang XR, Chen GQ (2019) Engineering self-flocculating Halomonas campaniensis for wastewaterless open and continuous fermentation. Biotechnol Bioeng 116:805–815. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.26897CrossRefPubMed

19.

Mooninta S, Poompradub S, Prasassarakich P (2020) Packaging film of PP/LDPE/PLA/Clay composite: physical, barrier and degradable properties. J Polym Environ 28:3116–3128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01840-6CrossRef

20.

You X, Snowdon MR, Misra M, Mohanty AK (2018) Biobased poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(lactic acid) blends tailored with epoxide compatibilizers. ACS Omega 3:11759–11769. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b01353CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Srisuwan S, Ruksakulpiwat Y, Chumsamrong P (2020) Effect of triblock copolymers based on liquid natural rubber and low molecular weight poly(lactic acid) on physical properties of poly(lactic acid)/natural rubber blend. Polym Bull 78:1253–1273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-020-03158-8CrossRef

22.

Lei W, Yang X, Qiao H, Dean S, Wang R, Zhang L (2018) Renewable resource-based elastomer nanocomposite derived from myrcene, ethanol, itaconic acid and nanosilica: design, preparation and properties. Eur Polymer J 106:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.04.006CrossRef

23.

Dhaliwal GS, Anandan S, Chandrashekhara K, Lees J, Nam P (2018) Development and characterization of polyurethane foams with substitution of polyether polyol with soy-based polyol. Eur Polymer J 107:105–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.08.001CrossRef

24.

Sahu P, Bhowmick AK, Kali G (2020) Terpene based elastomers: synthesis, properties, and applications. Processes 8:553. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8050553CrossRef

25.

Alias NF, Ismail H (2019) An overview of toughening polylactic acid by an elastomer. Polym-Plast Technol Mater 58:1399–1422. https://doi.org/10.1080/25740881.2018.1563118CrossRef

26.

Zhang H, Deng B, Liu Q, Cong W (2015) Blends of polylactide and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with low content of hydroxyvalerate unit: morphology, structure, and property. J Appl Polym Sci 132:42689. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.42689CrossRef

27.

Jost V, Miesbauer O (2017) Effect of different biopolymers and polymers on the mechanical and permeation properties of extruded PHBV cast films. J Appl Polym Sci 135:46153. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.46153CrossRef

28.

Zhang K, Mohanty AK, Misra M (2012) Fully biodegradable and biorenewable ternary blends from polylactide, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) and Poly(butylene succinate) with balanced properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4:3091–3101. https://doi.org/10.1021/am3004522CrossRefPubMed

29.

Li LZ, Huang W, Wang BJ, Wei WF, Gu Q, Chen P (2015) Properties and structure of polylactide/poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PLA/PHBV) blend fibers. Polymer 68:183–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.024CrossRef

30.

Formela K, Zedler L, Hejna A, Tercjak A (2018) Reactive extrusion of bio-based polymer blends and composites–current trends and future developments. Express Polym Lett 12:24–57. https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2018.4CrossRef

31.

Yves Y, Benjamin G, Nicolas LM, Marion J, Frédéric L, Jean M, Thomas XM (2018) Peptide couplings by reactive extrusion: solid-tolerant and free from carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic chemicals. Acs Sustain Chem Eng 6:16001–16004. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b04509CrossRef

32.

Zhao D, Yan D, Zhang N, Yang G (2019) Preparation of super-toughened PA6 with submicron-sized ABS by in situ reactive extrusion method. Mater Lett 251:18–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.05.029CrossRef

33.

Rigoussen A, Verge P, Raquez JM, Habibi Y, Dubois P (2017) In-depth investigation on the effect and role of cardanol in the compatibilization of PLA/ABS immiscible blends by reactive extrusion. Eur Polymer J 93:272–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.06.004CrossRef

34.

Wang Y, Mei Y, Wang Q, Wei W, Huang F, Li Y, Li J, Zhou Z (2019) Improved fracture toughness and ductility of PLA composites by incorporating a small amount of surface-modified helical carbon nanotubes. Compos Part B-Eng 162:54–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.10.060CrossRef

35.

Wang M, Wu Y, Li YD, Zeng JB (2017) Progress in toughening poly(lactic acid) with renewable polymers. Polym Rev 57:557–593. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2017.1287726CrossRef

36.

Zhang NW, Zeng C, Wang L, Ren J (2012) Preparation and properties of biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) blend with epoxy-functional styrene acrylic copolymer as reactive agent. J Polym Environ 21:286–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-012-0448-zCrossRef

37.

Mo XZ, Wei FX, Tan DF, Pang JY, Lan CB (2020) The compatibilization of PLA-g-TPU graft copolymer on polylactide/thermoplastic polyurethane blends. J Polym Res 27:33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-019-1999-7CrossRef

38.

Wang FY, Dai L, Ge TT, Yue CB, Song YM (2020) alpha-methylstyrene-assisted maleic anhydride grafted poly(lactic acid) as an effective compatibilizer affecting properties of microcrystalline cellulose/poly(lactic acid) composites. Express Polym Lett 14:530–541. https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2020.43CrossRef

39.

Marsilla KIK, Verbeek CJR (2017) Crystallization of itaconic anhydride grafted poly(lactic acid) during annealing. J Appl Polym Sci 134:44614. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.44614CrossRef

40.

Abdelwahab MA, Jacob S, Misra M, Mohanty AK (2021) Super-tough sustainable biobased composites from polylactide bioplastic and lignin for bio-elastomer application. Polymer 212:123153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123153CrossRef

41.

Bäckström E, Odelius K, Hakkarainen M (2019) Designed from recycled: turning polyethylene waste to covalently attached polylactide plasticizers. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 7:11004–11013. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02092CrossRef

42.

Xiang H, Wen X, Miu X, Li Y, Zhou Z, Zhu M (2016) Thermal depolymerization mechanisms of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate). Prog Nat Sci Mater Int 26:58–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2016.01.007CrossRef

43.

Nguyen S, Yu GE, Marchessault RH (2002) Thermal degradation of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates): preparation of well-defined oligomers. Biomacromol 3:219–224. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm0156274CrossRef

44.

Hablot E, Bordes P, Pollet E, Avérous L (2008) Thermal and thermo-mechanical degradation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-based multiphase systems. Polym Degrad Stab 93:413–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.11.018CrossRef

45.

Du J, Wang Y, Xie X, Xu M, Song Y (2017) Styrene-assisted maleic anhydride grafted poly(lactic acid) as an effective compatibilizer for wood flour/poly(lactic acid) bio-composites. Polymers 9:623. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym9110623CrossRefPubMedCentral

46.

Zhou KY, Li JB, Wang HX, Ren J (2017) Effect of Star-shaped chain architectures on the polylactide stereocomplex crystallization behaviors. Chin J Polym Sci 35:974–991. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-017-1935-4CrossRef

47.

Zembouai I, Kaci M, Bruzaud S, Benhamida A, Grohens Y (2013) A study of morphological, thermal, rheological and barrier properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/polylactide blends prepared by melt mixing. Polym Testing 32:842–851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2013.04.004CrossRef

48.

Martins AB, Santana R (2019) Structure-properties correlation in PP/thermoplastic starch blends containing sustainable compatibilizer agent. Mater Res Express 6:095336. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab0f73CrossRef

49.

Teng CC, Ma CCM, Huang YW, Yuen SM, Weng CC, Chen CH, Su SF (2008) Effect of MWCNT content on rheological and dynamic mechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube/polypropylene composites. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 39:1869–1875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.09.004CrossRef

50.

Du J, Guomin Z, Mingzhu P, Leilei Z, Dagang L, Rui Z (2017) Crystallization and mechanical properties of reinforced PHBV composites using melt compounding: effect of CNCs and CNFs. Carbohyd Polym 168:255–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.076CrossRef

51.

Zhao X, Cornish K, Vodovotz Y (2019) synergistic mechanisms underlie the peroxide and coagent improvement of natural-rubber-toughened poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) mechanical performance. Polymers 11:565. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11030565CrossRefPubMedCentral

52.

Liu G, Zhang X, Wang D (2015) Tailoring crystallization: towards high-performance poly(lactic acid). Adv Mater 26:6905–6911. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201305413CrossRef

53.

Greco A, Ferrari F, Maffezzoli A (2018) Thermal analysis of poly(lactic acid) plasticized by cardanol derivatives. J Therm Anal Calorim 134:559–565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7059-4CrossRef

54.

Leones A, Sonseca A, Lopez D, Fiori S, Peponi L (2019) Shape memory effect on electrospun PLA-based fibers tailoring their thermal response. Eur Polymer J 117:217–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.014CrossRef

55.

Jost V, Kopitzky R (2015) Blending of Polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate with polylactic acid for packaging applications—reflections on miscibility and effects on the mechanical and barrier properties. Chem Biochem Eng Q 29:221–246CrossRef

56.

Yang X, Clénet J, Xu H, Odelius K, Hakkarainen M (2015) Two step extrusion process: from thermal recycling of phb to plasticized PLA by reactive extrusion grafting of PHB degradation products onto PLA chains. Macromolecules 48:2509–2518. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00235CrossRef

57.

Zhao H, Cui Z, Sun X, Turng LS, Peng X (2013) Morphology and properties of injection molded solid and microcellular polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate (PLA/PHBV) blends. Ind Eng Chem Res 52:2569–2581. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie301573yCrossRef

58.

Salahuddin N, Gaber M, Elneanaey S, Snowdon MR, Abdelwahab MA (2021) Co-delivery of norfloxacin and tenoxicam in Ag–TiO2/poly(lactic acid) nanohybrid. Int J Biol Macromol 180:771–781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.033CrossRefPubMed

59.

Ma P, Spoelstra AB, Schmit P, Lemstra PJ (2013) Toughening of poly (lactic acid) by poly (β-hydroxybutyrate-co-β-hydroxyvalerate) with high β-hydroxyvalerate content. Eur Polymer J 49:1523–1531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.01.016CrossRef

60.

Ma P, Cai X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Dong W, Chen M, Lemstra PJ (2014) In-situ compatibilization of poly(lactic acid) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) blends by using dicumyl peroxide as a free-radical initiator. Polym Degrad Stab 102:145–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.01.025CrossRef

Title: In situ grafting approach for preparing PLA/PHBV degradable blends with improved mechanical properties
Authors: Jiaying Gong
Zhe Qiang
Jie Ren
Publication date: 12-11-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Polymer Bulletin / Issue 11/2022
Print ISSN: 0170-0839
Electronic ISSN: 1436-2449
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03958-6

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 11/2022

RAFT-synthesized POEGMA-b-P4VP block copolymers: preparation of nanosized micelles for anticancer drug release

Role of crosslinkers for synthesizing biocompatible, biodegradable and mechanically strong hydrogels with desired release profile

Chitosan–collagen/hydroxyapatite and tripolyphosphate nanocomposite: characterization and application for copper removal from aqueous solution

Correction to: Fabrication of Cobalt tagged smart ion‑imprinted polymeric material applied for the elimination of Co2+ ions from real environmental samples

Modification of curing, morphological, mechanical and electrical properties of epoxidised natural rubber (ENR-25) through the addition of copper calcium titanium oxide (CCTO)

Effects of different iodide salts on the electrical and electrochemical properties of hybrid biopolymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells application

Premium Partners