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Cognitive Neurodynamics

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01-12-2010 | Research article

Short term memory bowing effect is consistent with presentation rate dependent decay

Author: Eugen Tarnow

Published in: Cognitive Neurodynamics | Issue 4/2010

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Abstract

I reanalyze the free recall data of Murdock, J Exp Psychol 64(5):482–488 (1962) and Murdock and Okada, J Verbal Learn and Verbal Behav 86:263–267 (1970) which show the famous bowing effect in which initial and recent items are recalled better than intermediate items (primacy and recency effects). Recent item recall probabilities follow a logarithmic decay with time of recall consistent with the tagging/retagging theory. The slope of the decay increases with increasing presentation rate. The initial items, with an effectively low presentation rate, decay with the slowest logarithmic slope, explaining the primacy effect. The finding that presentation rate limits the duration of short term memory suggests a basis for memory loss in busy adults, for the importance of slow music practice, for long term memory deficiencies for people with attention deficits who may be artificially increasing the presentation rates of their surroundings. A well-defined, quantitative measure of the primacy effect is introduced.

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Title: Short term memory bowing effect is consistent with presentation rate dependent decay
Author: Eugen Tarnow
Publication date: 01-12-2010
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cognitive Neurodynamics / Issue 4/2010
Print ISSN: 1871-4080
Electronic ISSN: 1871-4099
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-010-9131-z

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