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2013 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

2. Thermo-Mechanical Pretreatment of Feedstocks

Authors : Chinnadurai Karunanithy, Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan

Published in: Green Biomass Pretreatment for Biofuels Production

Publisher: Springer Netherlands

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Abstract

Pretreatment is the first step to open up the complex structure of feedstock and to facilitate the access of hydrolytic enzymes to carbohydrates. Researchers are paying utmost care to pretreatment since it has pervasive impact in downstream processing. Numerous pretreatments have been investigated in the past with various degrees of success and still several new investigations are under progress. Extrusion/thermo-mechanical process is a continuous viable pretreatment and easy to adapt at industry scale with flexibility in process modifications. Agricultural residues and dedicated energy crops such as corn stover, prairie cord grass, wheat straw, rice straw, rape straw, barley straw, wheat bran, soybean hull, switchgrass, miscanthus, big bluestem, and forest products such as poplar, pine, Douglas fir, and eucalyptus were subjected to extrusion pretreatment with or without chemicals. This chapter provides an overview of extrusion pretreatments including the mechanism influencing extruder and feedstock parameters, evaluation of pretreatment efficiency including production of potential fermentation inhibitors, torque requirements, and direction for future work.

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previous chapter “Plant Cell Wall Structure-Pretreatment” the Critical Relationship in Biomass Conversion to Fermentable Sugars

next chapter Solid-State Biological Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

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Title: Thermo-Mechanical Pretreatment of Feedstocks
Authors: Chinnadurai Karunanithy
Kasiviswanathan Muthukumarappan
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Book: Green Biomass Pretreatment for Biofuels Production
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6051-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-94-007-6052-3

Copyright Year: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6052-3_2