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14-12-2023 | Original Article

Ultra-high-rate Bi anode encapsulated in 3D lignin-derived carbon framework for sodium-ion hybrid capacitors

Authors: Ze-Hua Lin, Xue-Qing Qiu, Xi-Hong Zu, Xiao-Shan Zhang, Lei Zhong, Shi-Rong Sun, Shu-Hua Hao, Ying-Juan Sun, Wen-Li Zhang

Published in: Rare Metals | Issue 3/2024

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Abstract

Bismuth (Bi), as an alloy-based anode material, has attracted much attention in the development of sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) due to its high theoretical capacity. However, the volume expansion of the Bi-based anode during the sodiation/desodiation process results in limited rate capability. In the present work, a porous Bi-based composite was constructed by a one-step hydrothermal method, and Bi was encapsulated in lignin-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbon (Bi@LNPC) after carbonization. The obtained Bi nanoparticles could effectively adapt to the strain and shorten the diffusion distance of Na⁺. In addition, porous carbon skeleton provides a rigid conductive network for electronic transportation. Therefore, the assembled sodium-ion half-cell with Bi@LNPC anode shows ultra-high-rate capability. When the current density was enhanced from 0.1 to 50 A·g⁻¹, the specific capacity decreased slightly from 351.5 to 342.8 mAh·g⁻¹. Even at an extremely high current density of 200 A·g⁻¹, it retains 81.3% capacity retention when compared to a current density of 1 A·g⁻¹. The SIHCs assembled by Bi@LNPC show a high energy density of 63 Wh·kg⁻¹. This work provides an effective method for developing high-rate Bi anode materials for sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs).

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Title: Ultra-high-rate Bi anode encapsulated in 3D lignin-derived carbon framework for sodium-ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Ze-Hua Lin
Xue-Qing Qiu
Xi-Hong Zu
Xiao-Shan Zhang
Lei Zhong
Shi-Rong Sun
Shu-Hua Hao
Ying-Juan Sun
Wen-Li Zhang
Publication date: 14-12-2023
Publisher: Nonferrous Metals Society of China
Published in: Rare Metals / Issue 3/2024
Print ISSN: 1001-0521
Electronic ISSN: 1867-7185
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-023-02508-5

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