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01-02-2015 | Original Paper

Bacterial cellulose-titanium dioxide nanocomposites: nanostructural characteristics, antibacterial mechanism, and biocompatibility

Authors: Shaukat Khan, Mazhar Ul-Islam, Waleed Ahmad Khattak, Muhammad Wajid Ullah, Joong Kon Park

Published in: Cellulose | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Regenerated bacterial cellulose (RBC) nanocomposites with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) were prepared with the aim to enhance the bactericidal activity and tissue regeneration properties of BC. Powdered BC was dissolved in an N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide/water (NMMO/H₂O) system, TiO₂ NPs were mixed into the BC solution, and RBC-TiO₂ nanocomposite films were prepared by casting the composite solutions on a glass plate using an applicator. The structural features of composites were confirmed through TEM, X-ray diffraction and EDS assisted FE-SEM analysis. Antibacterial studies against E. coli revealed a significant reduction in bacterial growth with incorporation of RBC-TiO₂ in growth media. The bactericidal mechanism was investigated through a DCFH-DA staining assay, glutathione reduction assay, and morphological study of treated bacterial cells. The results suggested that the bactericidal activities were due to reactive oxygen species and membrane stress generated by the TiO₂ NPs present in the composite membranes. In addition to antibacterial properties, the RBC-TiO₂ nanocomposites showed impressive cell adhesion and proliferation capabilities with animal fibroblast cells without showing any toxic effects. The composite surface was completely covered by a cell layer within 7 days of incubation. These RBC-TiO₂ nanocomposites demonstrate potential bactericidal and biocompatible properties and could be effectively applied in the medical field, specifically for wound healing and tissue regeneration applications.

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Title: Bacterial cellulose-titanium dioxide nanocomposites: nanostructural characteristics, antibacterial mechanism, and biocompatibility
Authors: Shaukat Khan
Mazhar Ul-Islam
Waleed Ahmad Khattak
Muhammad Wajid Ullah
Joong Kon Park
Publication date: 01-02-2015
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cellulose / Issue 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Electronic ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0528-4

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